牛津英汉双解词典T

T, t / ti:; ti/ n (pl T's, t's / ti:z; tiz/) 1 the twentieth letter of the English alphabet 英语字母表的第二十个字母: `Committee' is spelt with two t's. *committee这个字中有两个t. 2 (idm 习语) dot one's/the i's and cross one's/the t's => dot. to a `T/`tee (infml 口) in every detail; exactly 至每一细节; 精确地; 恰到好处: This new job suits me to a T. 这项新工作对我来说处处称心如意. T－bone n T－shaped bone, esp one in a piece of beefsteak 丁字骨; （尤指）丁字骨牛排. T－junction n place where one road or pipe, etc joins another but does not cross it, thus forming the shape of a T 丁字路口; （管道等的）三通管, 丁字接头. T－shirt (also tee－shirt) n shirt with short sleeves that has the shape of a T when spread out flat 短袖汗衫. t (US tn) abbr 缩写 = ton(s); tonne(s): 5t (ie tonnes) of wheat per acre 每英亩5英吨小麦. T and AVR (also TAVR) abbr 缩写 = (Brit) Territorial and Army Volunteer Reserve 本土军暨陆军志愿後备队. T－junction => T, t. T－shirt => T, t. T－square => square2 5. ta / tB:; tB/ interj (Brit infml 口) thank you 谢谢. ta－ta / tE 5tB:; `tB9tB/ interj (Brit infml 口) goodbye 再见. tab / tAb; tAb/ n 1 small projecting flap or strip of cloth, metal, paper, etc, esp one by which sth can be grasped, hung, fastened or identified 小片, 小条, 小带（尤指用以抓住、 悬挂、 固定或识别某物的）: To open, pull tab, eg on a can of beer. 拉环开罐（如啤酒罐上的字样）. * a `name－tab, ie one sewn into clothes, etc 名字标签（缝在衣物等上的）. 2 (US) bill1(1) (used esp in the expressionshown) 帐单（尤用於下列示例）: pick up (ie pay) the tab 付款. 3 (idm 习语) keep a tab/tabs on sth/sb (infml 口) keep account of sth/sb; keep sth/sb under observation 记入某事物[某人]的帐; 监视某事物[某人]: keep tabs on who's using the phone 记录打电话的人名. TAB (also Tab) / 9ti: eI 5bi:; 9ti e `bi/ abbr 缩写 = typhoid－paratyphoid A and B vaccine 伤寒　副伤寒甲和乙菌苗: have a Tab injection 注射伤寒　副伤寒甲、 乙预防针. Tabasco / tE5bAskEU; tE`bAsko/ n [U] (propr 专利名) spicy sauce made from peppers 塔巴斯哥辣沙司. tabby / 5tAbI; `tAbI/ (also `tabby－cat) n cat with grey or brownish fur and dark stripes 斑猫. tabernacle / 5tAbEnAkl; `tAbL9nAkl/ n 1 the tabernacle [sing] (Bible 《圣经》) the portable shrine used by the Israelites during their wanderings in the wilderness 会幕（以色列人在荒野流浪时便於移动的圣所）. 2 [C] (in the Roman Catholic Church) receptacle containing consecrated elements of the Eucharist （天主教的）圣体盘. 3 [C] place of worship used by Nonconformists (eg Baptists) or Mormons （不信奉国教派教徒, 如浸礼会教徒, 或摩门教徒的）礼拜堂, 教堂. table / 5teIbl; `tebl/ n 1 [C] piece of furniture consisting of a flat top supported on one or more legs 桌子; 台子; 几: a `dining－table 餐桌 * a `bedside－table 床侧小几 * a `billiard－table 台球台 * lay/set the table, ie prepare it for a meal with plates, cutlery, etc 摆餐具（准备用餐）. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page xvi. 2 [sing] people seated at a table for a meal, etc （用餐等的）一桌人: His jokes amused the whole table. 他讲的笑话把满桌人都逗笑了. * a table of card－players 一桌玩纸牌的人. 3 [sing] food provided at table （摆上餐桌的）食物: He keeps a good table, ie provides good meals. 他常备佳肴. 4 [C] (also `tableland / －lAnd; －lAnd/) large area of high level land; plateau 台地; 高地; 高原. 5 [C] list of facts or figures systematically arranged, esp in columns 一览表; 目录; 表: a table of contents, ie a summary of what a book contains 目录 * learn one's (multiplication) tables 学会乘法表 * Do you know your six times table? 你会六的乘数表吗? * log tables 对数表. 6 (idm 习语) at `table (while) having a meal 吃饭（时）; 用餐（时）: Children must learn to behave at table. 小孩吃饭时必须有规矩. * (fml 文) They were at table when we called. 我们去拜访时, 他们正在吃饭. drink sb under the table=> drink2. lay/put one's cards on the table => card1.the negotiating table => negotiate. on the `table (a) (Brit) offered for consideration or discussion 提交考虑或讨论: Management have put several new proposals on the table. 主管人员已将几项新建议提交讨论. (b) (esp US) (of a proposal, etc) left for discussion until some future date （指建议等）搁置, 留待日後讨论. turn the `tables (on sb) reverse a situation so as to put oneself in a position of superiority 由劣势转为优势; 扭转形势. under the `table (of money) paid secretly, esp as a bribe （指钱）私下付的（尤指作为贿赂）. wait at table => wait1. table v [Tn] 1 (Brit) submit (a motion or report in Parliament, etc) for discussion （在国会等）提出（动议或报告）供讨论: The Opposition have tabled several amendments to the bill. 反对党已对议案提出几项修正. 2 (esp US) leave (a proposal, etc) to be discussed at some future date 将（建议等）搁置, 留待日後讨论. table－cloth n cloth for covering a table, esp during meals 桌布, 台布（尤指吃饭时用的）. table－knife n knife for use while eating 餐刀. =>illus at knife 见 knife 插图. table－linen n [U] table－cloths, napkins, etc 桌布、 餐巾等. table manners proper behaviour while eating with others 进餐时的规矩. table－mat n mat placed under a hot dish, etc to protect the table 碗盘垫. tablespoon n 1 large spoon for serving food at table 餐匙. =>illus at spoon 见 spoon 插图. 2 (also `tablespoonful / －fUl; －fJl/) amount held by this 一餐匙的量: add 2 tablespoons/tablespoonfuls of flour 加2餐匙面粉. table－talk n [U] conversation during a meal 进餐时的谈话; 席间的谈话. table tennis = ping－pong. table－turning n [U] movement of a table at which people are sitting during a seance, thought to be caused by some supernatural force 桌子的灵动（降神时认为超自然力所致）. tableware n [U] plates, bowls, cutlery, etc used for meals 餐具. table d'hote / 9tAB:bl 5dEUt; `tAbl`dot/ (of a restaurant meal) consisting of a limited range of dishes served at a fixed inclusive price （指餐馆饮食）定餐, 份饭: The table d'hote menu offers good value. 定餐菜单上列出的都很实惠. Cf 参看 a la carte. tableau / 5tAblEU; `tAblo/ n (pl ~x / －lEUz; －loz/) 1 (also tableau vivant / 9tAblEU 5vi:vB:n; ?@ vi:5vB:n; 9tAblo vi`vBn/) (pl ~x vivants / 9tblEU 5vi:vB:n; ?@ －vi:5vB:n;9tAblo vi`vBn/) representation of a picture or scene by a silent and motionless group of people, esp on stage （不作声不活动的）人构成的画面或场景; （尤指）舞台造型. 2 dramatic or picturesque scene 戏剧性的场面; 绚丽的场景. tablet / 5tAblIt; `tAblIt/ n 1 slab or panel with words cut or written on it, esp one fixed to a wall as a memorial 碑, 牌, 匾额（尤指固定於墙上作纪念的）. 2 small measured amount of medicine compressed into a solid form; pill 药片; 药丸: Take two of the tablets three times daily before meals. 每日三次, 每次两片, 饭前服用. 3 small flattish bar of soap, etc （肥皂等的）块. tabloid / 5tAblRId; `tAblRId/ n popular newspaper withpages that are half the size of those of larger newspapers小型报纸; 小报: [attrib 作定语] the tabloid press 小报新闻界 * (often derog 常作贬义) tabloid journalism 小报业. Cf 参看 broadsheet 2. taboo / tE5bu:; ?@ tA5bu:; tA`bu/ n (pl ~s) 1 [C, U] (in certain cultures) ban or prohibition on sth that is regarded for religious or other reasons as not to be done, touched, used, etc （某些文化的）禁忌, 忌讳. 2 [C] (fig 比喻) general agreement not to discuss or to do sth 不涉及某事物之一致作法: There's a taboo on smoking in this office. 在这个办公室里一向是都不吸烟的. taboo adj prohibited by a taboo 禁忌的; 忌讳的: Questions and problems that were once taboo are now discussed openly. 一度视为犯忌的许多问题现在可以公开谈论了. * Sex is no longer the taboo subject it used to be. 现在不再像过去那样把性的问题视为禁区. * Any mention of politics is taboo in his house. 在他家里一提政治就犯忌. taboo words words likely to be considered offensive, shocking or indecent by certain people (though not necessarily by everyone), eg those marked in this dictionary 禁忌语（某些人视为不雅的或下流的词语, 如本词典中标有者）. tabular / 5tAbjUlE(r); `tAbjElL/ adj arranged or displayedin a table(5) or list 列成表的; 表格式的: statistics presented in tabular form 以表格表示的统计数字. tabulate / 5tAbjUleIt; `tAbjE9let/ v [Tn] arrange (facts or figures) in the form of a table(5) or list 将（事实或数字）列成表. tabulation / 9tAbjU5leIFn; 9tAbjJ`leFEn/ n [U, C]. tabulator n 1 person or thing that tabulates 制表人; 制表之物; 制表机. 2 device on a typewriter for advancing to a series of set positions in tabular work （打字机的）制表键. tachograph / 5tAkEgrB:f; `tAkE9^rAf/ n device in a motor vehicle which automatically records the speed of the vehicle during a journey and how far it has travelled （机动车的）里程表. tacit / 5tAsIt; `tAsIt/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] understoodwithout being put into words; implied 心照不宣的; 暗含的: give tacit consent, agreement, etc 默许、 默契. tacitly adv. taciturn / 5tAsIt\:n; `tAsE9t[n/ adj (in the habit of) saying very little; uncommunicative 沉默寡言的; 不爱说话的. taciturnity / 9tAsI5t\:nEtI; 9tAsE`t[nEtI/ n [U]. tack / tAk; tAk/ n 1 [C] small nail with a broad head 平头钉; 大头钉: a `carpet tack, ie one used for securing a carpet to the floor 地毯钉 * a `tin－tack 镀锡平头钉.2 [C] long loose stitch used in fastening pieces of cloth together loosely or temporarily 　; 假缝; 粗缝: tailor's tacks, ie ones used to mark the place for a seam, etc 　线. 3 [C] (nautical 海) (of sailing vessels) oblique course sailed with the wind blowing towards one side of the ship （指帆船）抢风航程: on the right/wrong tack 航向正确[错误] * on the port/starboard tack, ie with the wind on the port/starboard side 左舷[右舷]抢风.4 [U, sing] (fig 比喻) course of action; policy 方针; 政策: It would be unwise to change tack now. 现在改变方针是不明智的. * try a different tack 试行不同的政策 * be on the right/wrong tack 实行正确的[错误的]方针.5 (idm 习语) get down to brass tacks => brass. tack v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] nail (sth) with a tack(1) or tacks 用平头钉钉住（某物）: tack down the carpet 用平头钉钉住地毯. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] stitch (sth) with tacks (tack 2) 缝上, 缝住（某物）: tack a ribbon onto a hat 在帽子上缝一条饰带 * tack (up) the hem of a dress 缝上连衣裙的边 * tack down a fold 缝住衣褶 * a tacking stitch 缝的针脚. 3 (nautical 海) [I, Ipr, Ip] move from one tack(3) to another; sail a zigzag course in this way 抢风航行; 作Z字形航行: tack to port/starboard左舷[右舷]抢风航行 * tacking about 作Z字形航行.4 (phr v) tack sth on(to sth) (infml 口) add sth as an extra item 附加或增添某事物: a cover charge tacked onto the bill 帐单上的服务费. tackle / 5tAkl; `tAkl/ n 1 [U] set of ropes and pulleys for working a ship's sails or for lifting weights （操纵船帆或吊起重物用的）滑车, 滑轮, 滑轮组. 2 [U] equipment for a task or sport 用具; 器械: `fishing－tackle 鱼具.3 [C] act of tackling in or as in football, etc （如橄榄球等中的）擒抱, 擒拿: The policeman brought the thief to the ground with a flying tackle. 警察飞身上前把盗贼扑倒在地上. tackle v 1 [Tn] deal with or overcome (an awkward problem, a difficult piece of work, etc) 应付, 对付, 处理（棘手的问题、 困难的工作等）: It's time to tackle my homework. 现在该对付我的家庭作业了. * tackle a problem head－on, ie boldly and vigorously 迎向困难著手解决. 2 [Tn.pr] ~ sb about/over sth speak to sb about (an awkward matter) 向某人提起（尴尬之事）: When are you going to tackle your brother about that money he owes me? 你打算什麽时候跟你兄弟提他欠我钱的事? 3 [I, Tn] (a) (in football, hockey, etc) try to take the ball from (an opponent) by intercepting it （足球、 曲棍球等）拦截（对方）抢球, 抢截: no good at tackling 不善於抢球 * He was tackled just outside the penalty area. 他恰在罚球区外让对方把球截过去了. (b) (in Rugby football) seize and stop (an opponent holding the ball) （橄榄球）擒抱（对方持球队员）. tackler / 5tAklE(r); `tAklL/ n player who tackles 抢球的队员; 擒抱的队员: renowned as a fearless tackler 以勇於拚抢而著名的队员. tacky / 5tAkI; `tAkI/ adj (－ier, －iest) 1 (of paint, glue, etc) slightly sticky; not quite dry （指油漆、 胶水等）发黏的, 未乾透的: still tacky to the touch 摸著还有些黏. 2 (infml 口 esp US) in poor taste; shabby or gaudy 俗气的; 破旧的; 花哨的. tackiness n [U]. tact / tAkt; tAkt/ n [U] skill at not offending people or at gaining goodwill by saying or doing the right thing 言行得体不得罪人或能赢得好感的技巧: She showed great tact in dealing with a tricky situation. 她处理棘手的局面表现得十分老练. * You need a lot of tact to be an air hostess. 当空中小姐言行需十分得体. tactful / －fl; －fEl/ adj having or showing tact 言行得体的; 不得罪人的; 能赢得好感的. tactfully / －fElI; －fElI/adv. tactless adj lacking tact 言行不得体的; 得罪人的. tactlessly adv. tactlessness n [U]. tactic / 5tAktIk; `tAktIk/ n 1 means of achieving sth; expedient 手段; 策略: a brilliant tactic 高招. 2 tactics (a) [sing or pl v] art of placing or moving fighting forces in a battle 战术; 兵法. (b) [pl] (fig 比喻) procedure adopted in order to achieve sth 方法; 策略: use surprise tactics 采取出人意料的作法 * These tactics are unlikely to help you. 这种方法对你未必有用. Cf 参看 strategy1. tactical / －kl; －kl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] 1 of tactics 战术上的; 兵法上的; 策略上的: a tactical advantage, error 战术上的优势、 错误. 2 planning or planned skilfully 善於筹画的: a tactical move 有谋略的一步 * tactical voting, ie voting not for the candidate or party one prefers but for another that is more likely to defeat the candidate, etc one wishes to be defeated 策略投票（不投心目中的候选人或党派的票, 而投可击败某候选人等的票）. 3 (of weapons, bombing, etc) used or carried out against enemy forces at short range （指武器、 炸弹等）用於攻击近距离敌人的, 短程的, 战术的: tactical missiles 战术导弹. Cf 参看 strategic. tactically /－klI; －klI/ adv: vote tactically 策略性投票. tactician / tAk5tIFn; tAk`tIFEn/ n expert in tactics 战术家; 兵法家. tactile / 5tAktaIl; ?@ －tEl; `tAktl/ adj (fml 文) of or using the sense of touch （用）触觉的: a tactile reflex 触觉反射 * tactile organs 触觉器官. tad / tAd; tAd/ n (US infml 口) 1 small child, esp a young boy 小孩; （尤指）小男孩. 2 small bit 少量; 一点儿: just a tad more milk 只再加一点儿牛奶. tadpole / 5tAdpEUl; `tAd9pol/ n form of a frog or toad at the stage when it lives under water and has gills and a tail 蝌蚪. taffeta / 5tAfItE; `tAfItE/ n [U] shiny silk－like dress fabric 塔夫绸. taffrail / 5tAfreIl; `tAf9rel/ n rail round the stern of a ship or boat 船尾栏杆. Taffy / 5tAfI; `tAfI/ n (infml derog 口, 贬) Welshman 威尔士人. taffy (US) = toffee. tag / tAg; tA^/ n 1 [C] metal or plastic point at the end of a shoe－lace, etc （鞋带等末端的）金属或塑料包头. 2 [C] label fastened to or stuck into sth to identify it, show its price, etc 标签: put a `name－tag on it 附上名字标签. 3 [C] any loose or ragged end or projection 任何松散不整的末端或突出物. 4 [C] (linguistics 语言) word or phrase that is added to a sentence to give emphasis, eg that is in That's nice, that is （为加强语气而附於句尾的）附加词语（如That's nice, that is一句中的that is）: [attrib 作定语] a tag question, ie a tag in the form of a question, eg isn't it?, won't you?, aren't they? 附加疑问句（由附加在陈述句或祈使句後的简短的疑问句成分（如isn' t it?或won' t you?或aren' t they?等）构成的疑问句） 5 [C] phrase, saying or quotation that is often used tailtake （常用的）短语, 格言, 引语, 套语: Latin tags 常用的拉丁文短语. 6 (also tig) [U] game in which one child chases the others and tries to touch one of them （儿童的）捉人游戏. tag v (－gg－) 1 [Tn] label (sth) with a tag 给（某物）附上标签. 2 (phr v) tag along (after/behind/with sb) follow closely 尾随; 紧随: children tagging along behind their mother 紧跟在母亲後面的孩子 * If you're going to the cinema, do you mind if I tag along (with you)? 你要是去看电影, 我也（跟你）一起去行吗? tag sth on (to sth) add sth as an extra item; attach sth 附加某事物; 系某物於: a postscript tagged on (to her letter) at the end 加在（她的信）末尾的附言. tag day (US) = flag day (flag). tail / teIl; tel/ n 1 [C] movable part at the end of the body of a bird, an animal, a fish or a reptile 尾; 尾巴: Dogs wag their tails when they are pleased. 狗一高兴就摇尾巴. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page iii. 2 [C] thing like a tail in its shape or position 尾状物; 似尾的部位; 尾部: the tail of a comet, a kite, an aircraft, a procession 彗星、 风筝、 飞机、 行列的尾部. 3 [C] (dated infml 旧, 口) buttocks 屁股: give sb a smack on the tail 打某人屁股一下. 4 [C] (infml 口) person following or watching sb (usu without being seen by him) 尾巴（跟踪者）: put a tail on sb, ie tell sb to follow him 给某人安个尾巴（派某人跟踪他）. 5 tails [pl] (also `tailcoat [C]) man's long coat, divided and tapered at the back, worn as part of formal dress at weddings, etc 燕尾服. Cf 参看 morning coat (morning). 6 tails [sing v] side of a coin without the head of a person on it, turned upwards after being tossed 文面（硬币没有人头像的一面）. Cf 参看 heads(head1 5). 7 (idm 习语) have, etc one's tail betweenone's `legs (infml 口) be humiliated, dejected or defeated 夹著尾巴; 垂头丧气; 遭到失败. heads I win, tails you lose => head1. heads or tails? => head1. make head or tail of sth => head1. on sb's `tail following sb closely 紧跟某人. a sting in the tail => sting1. the tail wagging the `dog situation in which a minor part of sth is controlling or determining the course of the whole 尾巴摇狗（次要部分支配或决定全局）. turn `tail run away from a fight, etc （从冲突等场合中）逃走, 逃跑: As soon as they saw us coming they turned tail and ran. 他们一看见我们来了, 掉头就跑. tail v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] follow (sb) closely, esp to watch where he goes and what he does 跟踪（某人）; 钉（某人）的梢: He tailed the spy to his hotel. 他跟踪那间谍到他住的旅馆. 2 [Tn] remove the stalks of (fruit, etc) 除去（水果等）的柄、 梗、 蒂或把儿: top and tail gooseberries 掐掉醋栗的尖儿和把儿. 3 (phr v) tail away; tail off (a) become smaller, fewer, weaker, etc 变小; 变少; 变弱: The number of tourists starts to tail off in October. 游客在十月份开始见少. * The actor's voice tailed away as he forgot his lines. 那演员忘了台词, 说话的声音越来越小了. (b) (of remarks, etc) end inconclusively （指言语等）不了了之: His feeble excuses soon tailed off (into silence). 他的藉口站不住脚, 很快就没词儿了（不作声了）. (c) fall behind in a straggling line 散落在後面. tailless adj having no tail 无尾的: a tailless species 无尾种类. tailback n long line of traffic extending back from an obstruction （车辆因受阻而排成的）长队. tail－board n = tail－gate. tailcoat n [C] = tails (tail 5). tail－end n (usu sing 通常作单数) ~ (of sth) very last part 後部; 末尾; 末端: the tail－end of the concert 音乐会的结尾 * I only heard the tail－end of their conversation. 我只听到了他们谈话的末尾. tail－gate n door or flap at the back of a motor vehicle, used for loading or unloading （机动车的）尾门, 後拦板. v [I, Tn] (US) drive too closely behind (another vehicle) 紧随（另一车辆）行驶; 尾随. tail－light (US `tail－lamp) n red light at the back of a motor vehicle, bicycle, train, etc （机动车、 自行车、 火车等的）尾灯. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page xii. tailpiece n 1 (in a book, etc) decoration printed in the blank space at the end of a chapter, etc （印在书等章节後之空白处的）补白图案. 2 part added to the end of sth to lengthen or complete it 附加部分; 续补部分. tailpipe n exhaust－pipe of a motor vehicle （机动车的）排气管. tailplane n horizontal part or surface of the tail of an aircraft （飞机的）横尾翼, 水平安定面. tail－spin n spiral dive of an aircraft in which the tail makes wider circles than the front （飞机的）尾旋, 尾螺旋. tail wind wind blowing from behind a travelling vehicle, aircraft, etc 顺风. Cf 参看 head wind (head1). tailor / 5teIlE(r); `telL/ n maker of men's clothes, esp one who makes coats, jackets, etc for individual customers （男装）裁缝, 成衣匠（尤指缝制定做的外衣者）: go to the tailor to be measured for a suit 到裁缝店定做西装. tailor v 1 [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] make (clothes) 做, 缝（衣服）: a well－tailored coat 做工考究的大衣. 2 [Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ sth for/to sb/sth make or adapt sth for a special purpose （为某目的）做某事物或适应某事物: homes tailored to the needs of the elderly 专为老人建立的养老院. tailor－made adj 1 made by a tailor （衣物等）定做的: a ,tailor－made `suit 定做的西装. 2 [esp pred 尤作表语] ~ (for sb/sth) (fig 比喻) perfectly suited 完全适合; 十分合适: He seems tailor－made for the job. 他好像是专门做这项工作的材料. taint / teInt; tent/ n [C, U] trace of some bad quality or decay or infection （坏的、 腐败的或感染的）迹象, 痕迹, 因素: a taint of insanity in the family 家族中有精神病遗传素质 * meat free from taint 新鲜的肉. taint v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) affect sth with a taint （坏的因素）影响某事物: tainted meat 腐肉 * His reputation was tainted by the scandal. 那一丑闻玷污了他的名声. taintless adj without taint; pure 无污点的; 纯洁的. take / teIk; tek/ v (pt took / tUk; tJk/, pp taken / 5teIkEn;`tekEn/) 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p, Cn.g, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~sb/sth (with one); ~ sth (to sb) carry sb/sth or accompany sb from one place to another 携带、 运载或伴随某人[某物]: Don't forget to take your umbrella (with you) when you go. 你走时别忘了带伞. * It's your turn to take the dog for a walk. 轮到你去遛狗了. * She takes her children to school by car. 她用汽车送孩子上学. * (fig 比喻) Her energy and talent took her to the top of her profession. 她精力充沛、 天禀聪颖, 成就了她在事业上达到卓尔不群的顶峰. * The accused was taken away in a police van. 被告已用警车带走. * I'm taking the children swimming/for a swim later. 我要带孩子去游泳. * She took him some flowers when she went to see him in hospital. 她带著花去医院探望他. * Take this glass of water (up) to your father/Take your father (up) this glass of water. 把这杯水给你父亲送去. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] get or lay hold of (sb/sth) with the hands, arms, etc or with an instrument （以手、 臂等或工具）拿, 握, 抱, 夹: I passed him the rope and he took it. 我递给他绳子, 他接住了. * take sb's hand/take sb by the hand 握住某人的手 * Would you mind taking (ie holding) the baby for a moment? 你给抱一会儿孩子行吗? * Take three eggs and beat them gently. 拿三个鸡蛋, 轻轻打匀. * She took a cigarette from the packet. 她从烟盒里拿出一枝烟. * He took her in his arms and kissed her. 他拥抱著她亲吻. * He took a book (down) from the top shelf. 他从最上面的架子上拿（下）了一本书. * She opened the drawer and took out a pair of socks. 她拉开抽屉, 拿出一双短袜. 3 (a) [Tn] remove (sth) from its proper place without permission or by mistake 擅自取走, 错拿, 偷窃（某物）: Someone has taken my gloves. 有人把我的手套拿走了. * Who's taken my bicycle? 谁把我的自行车骑走了? * Did the burglars take (ie steal) anything of value? 贼偷走什麽值钱的东西没有? (b) [Tn.pr] ~ sth from sth (not usu in the continuous tenses 通常不用於进行时态) remove or obtain sth from (a particular place or source) （从某处）拿去或得到某物: Part of her article is taken (straight) from my book on the subject. 她文章中的一部分是从我写的同一内容的书中（直接）搬来的. * Today's lesson is taken from the St Mark's Gospel. 今日的经文选自《马可福音》. * The machine takes its name from its inventor. 这机器的名字来自其发明者. (c) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) (not in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时 态) subtract (a number) from another one （从一数中）减去（另一数）: If you take five from twelve, you're left with seven. 十二减去五得七. 4 [Tn, Cn.n] (not usu in the continuous tenses 通常不用於进行时态) gain possession of (sth); capture or win (sth) 占有（某物）; 夺得或赢得（某物）: take a fortress, garrison, town, etc, ie in a war 占领堡垒、 要塞、 城镇等 * The army took many prisoners. 军队抓了很多俘虏. * He took my bishop with his queen, ie in a game of chess. 他用后吃了我的象（下国际象棋）. * Our bull took first prize at the agricultural show. 我们的公牛在农业展览会上夺得头奖. * The enemy took him prisoner/He was taken prisoner by the enemy. 敌人把他俘虏了[他被敌人俘虏]. 5 [Tn] (not usu in the continuous tenses 通常不用於进行时态) accept or receive (sth) 接受、 领受或收到（某物）: I'd like you to take this bracelet as a gift. 我希望你把这手镯礼物收下. * He took the blow (ie The blow hit him) on the chest. 他胸部挨了一击. * Will you take 2000 for the car (ie sell it for 2000)? 你这辆汽车卖2000英镑行吗? * The shop took (ie sold goods worth a total of)50000 last week. 这商店上星期做了50000英镑的生意. * She was accused of taking bribes. 她被控受贿. * Does the hotel take traveller's cheques? 这旅馆收旅行支票吗? * I'll take the (telephone) call in my office. 我想在我的办公室里接这个电话. * Why should I take the blame for somebody else's mistakes? 我为什麽要代人受过? * If you take my advice, you'll have nothing more to do with him. 你若接受我的劝告, 就不要再跟他来往了. * I take your point (ie accept the validity of your argument), but my views on the matter remain the same. 我认为你说的有道理, 但我对此事的看法仍然不变. * The workers would never agree to take a cut in wages. 工人们绝不会同意削减工资. 6 [Tn] (not usu in the continuous tenses 通常不用於进行时态) accept (sb) as a client, patient, tenant, etc 接纳或接受（某人）为委托人、 病人、 房客等: She takes paying guests. 她招房客. * Dr Brown takes some private patients. 布朗医生也接纳些私人病人. * The school doesn't take girls, ie only has boys as pupils. 该校不收女生. 7 [Tn] (not in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态) have enough space for (sb/sth); hold or contain 容下（某人[某物]）; 盛; 装; 容纳: This bus takes 60 passengers. 这公共汽车能容下60位乘客. * The tank takes 12 gallons. 这罐能盛12加仑. * I don't think the shelf will take any more books. 我看这架子摆不下更多的书了. 8 [Tn] (not usu in the continuous tenses 通常不用於进行时态) be able to endure (sth); bear 能忍受（某事）; 承受; 受得了: She can't take criticism/being criticized. 她受不了批评. * He can take a joke, ie does not mind being laughed at. 他禁得起开玩笑（受取笑而不恼）. * I don't think I can take much more of your nagging. 我再也受不了你的唠叨了. * I'm not taking any more of your insults! 我再也不能忍受你的侮辱了! * I find his political views a little hard to take. 我认为他的政治观点有点儿难以接受. 9 [Tn] (usu followed by an adv or used in questions after how 通常用於副词前或用於how之後的疑问句中) react to (sb/sth) in the specified way （以某方式）对待（某人[某事]）; 应付: She knows how to take him/his teasing. 她知道怎样回敬他的取笑. * `How did he take the news of her death?' `He took it badly', ie He was very upset by it. ｀他对她的死讯反应如何?＇｀他万分悲痛.＇ * Police are taking the terrorists' threats of a bombing campaign very seriously indeed. 恐怖分子扬言要大搞爆炸, 警方正在认真对付. * You take things too seriously; try to enjoy life a bit more! 你对事情过於认真, 尽量多享受些人生乐趣吧! 10 [Cn.n/a, Cn.t] ~ sth as sth (not in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态) understand or interpret sth in a particular way （以某种方式）理解或解释某事: She took what he said as a compliment. 她把他的话看做是恭维话. * What did you take his comments to mean? 你明白他的评论是什麽意思吗? * How am I supposed to take that remark? 我应该怎样理解这话的意思呢? 11 [Tn.pr, Cn.t] ~ sb/sth for sb/sth (notin the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态) suppose, assume or consider sb/sth to be sb/sth 假定、 以为或认为某人[某事物]为他人[他事物]: Even the experts took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh. 连行家都认为那幅画是凡高的真迹. * Do you take me for a fool? 你以为我是傻瓜吗? * I took you to be an honest man. 我原以为你是诚实的人. 12 [Tn] (not in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态) understand (sth) 理解, 明白（某事）: I don't think she took my meaning. 我想她不明白我的意思. 13 [Tn] rent (a house, etc) 租用（房屋等）: We're taking a cottage in Devon for a month. 我们打算在德文郡租间农舍住一个月. * He took lodgings in the East End of London. 他在伦敦东区租用寄宿舍. 14 [Tn] choose or buy (sth) 挑选, 购买（某物）: I'll take the grey trousers, please. 劳驾, 我买这条灰色的裤子. 15 [Tn] buy (sth, esp a newspaper) regularly 按时购买（某物）; （尤指）订（报刊）: She takes `The Guardian'. 她订阅《卫报》. 16 [Tn] eat or drink (sth); consume 吃, 喝（某物）; 食用; 饮用; 消费: Do you take sugar (ie in tea or coffee)? 你（往茶或咖啡里）放糖吗? * The doctor has given her some pills to take for her cough. 医生给了她一些治咳嗽的药片吃. * He takes (ie is addicted to) drugs. 他嗜毒成瘾. * Have you ever taken cocaine? 你用过可卡因吗? 17 [Tn no passive 不用於被动语态, Tg, Cn.n] (often with it 常与it连用) need or require (the specified time, quality, person or action) 需要, 要求（所示之时间、 素质、 人或行动）: The journey from London to Oxford takes about an hour and a half. 从伦敦到牛津大约需要一个半小时. * That cut is taking a long time to heal. 那伤口要很长时间才能愈合. * It'll take time (ie a long time) for her to recover from the illness. 她的病要很长时间才能痊愈. * It takes stamina to run a marathon. 跑马拉松要有耐力. * It would take a strong man to lift that weight. 身强力壮的人才能举得起那麽重的东西. * (infml 口) She didn't take much persuading, ie She was easily persuaded. 她不用人多费口舌（她很听人劝告）. * Shifting that wardrobe must have taken some doing! 搬那个衣柜一定够费劲儿的! * It took her three hours to mend her bicycle/It took three hours for her to mend her bicycle. 她修理自行车用了三个小时. 18 [Tn no passive 不用於被动语态] (not in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态) wear (a particular size in shoes or clothes) 穿用（某尺码的鞋或衣物）: What size shoes do you take? 你穿多少号的鞋? * He takes a 42－inch chest. 他穿胸围42英寸的衣服. 19 [Tn] (not in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态) (of a verb, etc) have or require (sth) as part of a grammatical construction （指动词等）有或要求（某成分）作语法结构的一部分: The verb `eat' takes a direct object. 动词eat要求有直接宾语. 20 [Tn] do (an examination, a test, etc) in order to obtain a qualification 参加（考试、 测验等）以取得资格: She takes her finals next summer. 她明年夏天要参加毕业考试. * When are you taking your driving test? 你什麽时候参加驾驶执照考试? 21??b [Tn] be awarded or obtain (a degree) 被授予, 获得（等级）: She took a first in English at Leeds. 她在利兹时英语获得优等. 22 [Tn] study (an academic subject) 学习（某学科）: She plans to take a course in applied linguistics. 她打算学习应用语言学课程. 23 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (for sth) give sb lessons or instruction (in a particular subject); teach sb 给某人讲授（某学科的）课程; 给某人（某学科的）指导; 教某人: Mrs Biggs is ill and will be unable to take you today. 比格斯夫人病了, 今天不能给你们上课了. * Who takes you for French? 谁教你们法语? 24 [Tn] find out and record (sth); write down (sth) 找出并记录（某事）; 写下, 记下（某事）: The policeman took my name and address. 警察记下了我的姓名和住址. * Did you take notes at the lecture? 你听课时做笔记吗? * She hates taking letters. 她不喜欢记录口授信函. 25 [Tn] test or measure (sth) 测定, 量度（某事物）: take sb's pulse/temperature/blood pressure 测量某人的脉搏[体温/血压] * The tailor took my measurements for a new suit. 裁缝给我量做新西装的尺寸. 26 [Tn] use (sth) as a means of transport; go by (sth) 使用, 搭乘（某种交通工具）; 乘坐（某物）: take the coach, plane, train, etc 用长途汽车、 飞机、 火车等运输 * take a taxi 乘计程车 * `How do you get to work?' `I take the bus.' ｀你怎麽去上班?＇｀我坐公共汽车去.＇ 27 [Tn] use (a road, path, etc) as a route to go to a place 取（某条路、 小径等）作为到某地的路线: I usually take the M6 when I go to Scotland. 我到苏格兰去通常都取道6号高速公路. * Take (ie Turn into) the second turning/road on the right after the station. 过了车站在第二个路口向右拐. 28 [Tn] (usu followed by an adv; not in the continuous tenses 通常用於副词前, 不用於进行时态) go over or round (sth) 越过, 绕过（某物）: The horsetaketake took the first fence beautifully. 那匹马跨越了第一道障碍, 动作十分漂亮. * You took that corner much too fast. 你拐的那个弯太快了. 29 [Tn] (not usu in the continuous tenses 通常不用於进行时态) hold or adopt (a view, an attitude, etc) 持（某种观点）; 采取（某种态度）: He takes the view that people should be responsible for their own actions. 他的观点是人应对自己的行为负责. * The government is taking a tough line on drug abuse. 政府对滥用麻醉药品采取强硬方针. 30 [Tn] (usu imperative 通常用於祈使句) consider (sb/sth) as an example 将（某人[某事物]）作为例证; 以（某人[某事物]）为例: A lot of women manage to bring up families and go out to work at the same time take Angela, for example. 很多女子既能料理家务同时又外出工作－－譬如安杰拉, 就是个例子. 31 [Tn] (not in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态) sit down or be seated in (a chair, etc) 坐在（椅子等）上: take a chair, seat, stool, etc 坐在椅子、 座位、 凳子等上. 32 [Tn] make (sth) by photography; photograph (sb/sth) 摄制（某物）; 拍摄（某人[某物]）: take a photograph/picture/snapshot of sb/sth 给某人[某物]照相[拍照/照快相] * have one's picture taken 为自己拍照. 33 [Tn] officiate at (sth); conduct 主持（某事）; 领导; 指导: Mr Perkins will take the evening service. 珀金斯先生将主持晚礼拜. 34 [I] (esp of a drug or dye) have the desired effect （尤指药物或染料）产生预期效果: The inoculation did not take. 预防接种没起作用. * The dye won't take (ie won't colour things) in cold water. 那染料在冷水中染不上色. 35 [I, Tn] (of fish) bite (the hook on a fisherman's line) （指鱼）咬（钓钩）; 上钩: The fish don't seem to be taking today. 看起来今天鱼不上钩. * (fig 比喻) take the bait, ie be deceived by a trick 上钩（中计）. 36 [Tn] (of a man) have sexual intercourse with (a woman) （指男人）与（女人）性交: He took her on the sofa. 他与她在沙发上交欢. 37 [Tn] (used with ns to show that the specified action is being carried out or performed 与名词连用表示开始某行动或进行某动作): take (ie have) a break, a holiday, a rest, etc 暂停一下、 度假、 休息一下 * take (ie have) a bath, a shower, a wash, etc 洗澡、 淋浴、 梳洗一下 * take a look, a walk, a deep breath 看看、 散步、 深呼吸. 38 (idm 习语) take sb/sth as he/it `comes accept or tolerate sb/sth without wishing him/it to be different 安於或忍受某人[某事物]的现状: She takes life as it comes. 她安於生活现状. take it (that...) assume or suppose (that...) 假定...; 假设...; 认为...: I take it you won't be coming to Sophie's party. 我想你不会去参加索菲家的聚会. * Are we to take it that you refuse to co－operate? 我们是否可以认为你拒绝合作? take it from `me (that...) (infml 口) you can believe me absolutely (when I say...) 你可以绝对相信我（的话...）: Take it from me he'll be managing director of this company by the time he's 30. 你就记住我这句话－－他到30岁时准能当上本公司的总经理. take it on/upon oneself to do sth decide to do sth without asking for permission 擅自决定做某事: You can't take it upon yourself to make important decisions like that. 你不能擅自做出那样的重要决定. take it/a lot `out of sb make sb physically or mentally tired 使某人疲乏或厌倦: Her job takes a lot out of her. 她的工作使她疲惫不堪. take some/a lot of `doing (infml 口) be very difficult to do 难做; 难办; 费力; 费事: Did you move all this furniture on your own? That must have taken some doing! 是你自己搬的这些家具吗? 那一定够费劲儿的! you can/can't take sb `anywhere the specified person can/cannot be trusted to behave well in any situation 某人在任何场合都能[不能]举止得当; 拿得[不]出去: His manners are appalling you can't take him anywhere! 他没有正形－－到哪儿都拿不出去! (For other idioms containing take, see entries for ns, adjs, etc 习语中有take者, 见有关名词、 形容词等词条, 如 take the biscuit => itbiscuit; take sb unawares => unawares.) 39 (phr v) take sb a`back (esp passive 尤用於被动语态) shock or surprise sb 使某人震惊或惊奇: I was taken aback by his rudeness. 他那样粗鲁无礼使我大吃一惊. take after sb (no passive 不用於被动语态) resemble (one's mother or father) in appearance or character（在长相或性格方面）像（其母亲或父亲）: Your daughter doesn't take after you at all. 你女儿一点儿都不像你. take against sb/sth begin to dislike sb/sth 开始不喜欢某人[某事物]: Why have you suddenly taken against her? 你怎麽突然又不喜欢她了? take sb/sth apart (infml 口) (a) (in sport) defeat sb easily （运动）轻易击败某人: Becker took Connors apart in the third set, ie in tennis. 贝克尔在第三盘轻而易举战胜了康纳斯（网球赛）. * We were simply taken apart bythe opposition. 对方很容易就把我们打败了. (b) criticizesb/sth severely 严厉地批评某人[某事]: Her second novel was taken apart by the critics. 她的第二部小说受到评论家的严厉批评. take sth apart separate (esp a machine) into its component parts; dismantle sth 将（尤指机器）拆开, 拆卸; 拆散某物: Let's take the radio apart and see what's wrong with it. 咱们把收音机拆开看看有什麽毛病. take sth away (a) (US take sth out) buy (a cooked dish) at a restaurant and carry it away to eat at home 在餐馆买（饭菜）带回家吃; 外卖; 带走: Two chicken curriesand rice to take away, please. 劳驾, 要两份外卖的咖喱鸡饭. (b) cause (a feeling, sensation, etc) to disappear 使（感情、 感觉等）消失: The doctor has given her some tablets to take away the pain. 医生给了她一些止疼药片. * Nothing can take away the anguish of losing a child. 什麽都不能解除失去孩子的巨大悲痛. * Anxiety has taken away his appetite. 他愁得吃不下饭. take sb/sth away (from sb/sth) remove sb/sth (from sb/sth) （从某人[某物]处）移去, 移开, 除掉某人[某物]: What takes you away (ie Why are you leaving) so early? 你为什麽这麽早就要走? * These books must not be taken away from the library. 这些书不准携出图书馆. * The child was taken away from its parents on the recommendation of social workers. 根据社会工作者的建议把那孩子与其父母隔离了. take sth away (from sth) subtract (one number) (from another) （从一数中）减去（另一数）: If you take four away from ten, that leaves six/Ten take away four is/leaves six. 十减去四得[剩下]六. take away from sth weaken, lessen or diminish the effect or value of sth; detract from sth 减弱; 减少; 减小; 降低: The scandal took away greatly from his public image. 那丑闻极大地损害了他的形象. take sth back (a) (of a shop) agree to accept or receive back (goods previously bought there) （指商店）同意（顾客）退货: We only take goods back if customers can produce the receipt. 顾客如能出示收据, 我们才能予以退货. (b) admit that sth one said was wrong or that one should not have said it; retract or withdraw sth 承认说了错话或不该说的话; 撤回或收回某言语: I take back what I said (about you being selfish). 我承认我不该说你（自私）. take sb back (to...) cause sb's thoughts to return to a past time 使某人回想（起...）: The smell of seaweed took him back to his childhood. 海草的气味使他回想起童年时代. * Hearing those old songs takes me back a bit. 我听到那些旧歌曲就有些怀旧. take sb before sth/sb make sb appear in a court, before sb in authority, etc to explain his actions or be punished 使某人到法庭、 见当权者、 主事者等（解释其行为或受处罚）: He was taken before the headmaster and made to confess. 他被带到校长面前认错. take sth down (a) remove sth from a high level 将某物从高处取下: Will you help me take the curtains down? 你能帮我把帘幕取下来吗? (b) lower (a garment worn below the waist) without actually removing it 褪下（衣物至腰部以下）: take down one's skirt, trousers, underpants, etc 把裙子、 长裤、 内裤等褪到腰部以下. (c) remove (a structure) by separating it into pieces; dismantle sth 拆除（构造物）; 拆掉某物: take down a tent, gate, fence 拆掉帐篷、 大门、 篱笆 * Workmen arrived to take down the scaffolding. 工人们已去拆除脚手架. (d) write sth down in order to make a record of it 记下某事: The reporterstook down the speech. 记者把讲话记录下来了. * Anythingyou say may be taken down and used as evidence against you. 你说的每句话都可能记录下来用作指控你的证据. take sb in (a) allow sb to stay in one's home, sometimes for payment 允许某人寄宿家中: She takes in lodgers. 她招收寄宿者. * He was homeless, so we tookhim in. 他无家可归, 我们就收留了他. (b) (often passive常用於被动语态) deceive, delude or fool sb 欺骗、 蒙蔽或愚弄某人: She took me in completely with her story. 她用谎话把我完全蒙蔽了. * You won't take me in that easily! 你别以为我那麽容易上当! * Don't be taken in by his charming manner; he's completely ruthless. 不要被他那副讨人喜欢的外表所迷惑, 其实他冷酷无情. take sth in (a) absorb sth into the body by breathing or swallowing it 将某物吸入或吞入（体内）; 摄取: Fish take in oxygen through their gills. 鱼通过鳃摄取氧气. (b) make (a garment) narrower or tighter by altering its seams 将（衣服）改瘦: This dress needs to be taken in at the waist. 这件连衣裙的腰身需要改瘦. (c) accept (work to do in one's home) for payment （为赚钱）承揽（在家中做的工作）: She supplements her pension by taking in washing. 她在家里替人洗衣服以贴补养老金之不足. (d) include or cover sth 包括; 包含; 包罗: The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. 联合王国包括英格兰、 威尔士、 苏格兰、 北爱尔兰. * The tour took in six European capitals. 那次观光包括欧洲六个国家的首都. * Her lecture took in all the recent developments in the subject. 她的讲座将该学科的新发展全部包罗在内. (e) go to see or visit (a film, museum, etc) when one is in a place for a different purpose 顺便看（电影）或参观（博物馆等）: I generally try to take in a show when I'm in New York on business. 我到纽约公干时常顺便看场演出. (f) note sth with the eyes; observe sth 注视或观察某事物: He took in every detail of her appearance. 他端详了她一番. * He took in the scene at a glance. 他看了一眼那里的景色. * The children took in the spectacle open－mouthed. 孩子们张著嘴注视精彩表演. (g) understand or absorb sth that one hears or reads 理解或吸收（听到或阅读的）某事: I hope you're taking in what I'm saying. 我希望你能听得进去我说的话. * Half－way through the chapter I realized I hadn't taken anything in. 这一章我看到一半才意识到我根本没看懂. take off (a) (of an aeroplane, a helicopter, etc) leave the ground and begin to fly （指飞机等）起飞: The plane took off despite the fog. 尽管有雾, 飞机仍照常起飞. (b) (infml 口) leave hurriedly or suddenly 匆忙离去; 突然离去: He took off for the station at a run. 他匆忙向车站跑去. * When he saw the police coming he took off in the opposite direction. 他一看见警察来了, 转身就溜了. (c) (infml 口) (of an idea, a product, etc) suddenly become successful or popular; (of sales of a product) rise very quickly （指观念、 产品等）突然大受欢迎; （指产品的销售量）急升: The new dictionary has really taken off. 这部新词典极受欢迎. * Sales of home computers have taken off in recent years. 家庭电脑的销售量近年来上升很快. take oneself off (to...) (infml 口) leave a place (in order to reach the specified destination) 离开某地（去某处）: It's time I took myself off. 现在我该走了. * She's taken herself off to the country for a quiet weekend. 她到乡村去过个清静的周末. take sb off imitate or mimic sb in an amusing or satirical way （以诙谐或嘲讽的方式）模仿或假扮某人: She takes off the Prime Minister to perfection. 她模仿首相的样子维妙维肖. take sth off (a) remove (an item of clothing) from one's body （从身上）除掉, 脱下（衣物等）: take off one's coat, hat, shoes, skirt, trousers, etc 脱大衣、 帽、 鞋、 裙子、 裤子等 * I wish you'd take (ie shave) off that beard! 我希望你把胡子剃掉! (b) amputate (a part of the body) 切除（身体的一部分）: His leg had to be taken off above the knee. 他的一条腿从膝盖以上截去了. (c) no longer perform (a play, etc); withdraw sth 不再上演（戏剧等）; 收回或撤销某物: The show had to be taken off because of poor audiences. 因观众太少而取消演出. (d) (often passive 常用於被动语态) remove or withdraw (a bus, train, etc) from service 取消（公共汽车、 火车等）的服务: The 7 am express to Bristol will be taken off next month. 上午7时开往布里斯托尔的快车将於下月停驶. (e) have (the specified period of time) as a holiday or break from work （某段时间）休假, 休息: take the day/morning/afternoon off 休息一天[一上午/一下午] * I'm taking next week off (work). 我下周要休假. take sb off (sth) (a) rescue sb from (a ship) 将某人从（船）上救出: The crew were taken off (the wrecked vessel) by helicopter. 船员被直升飞机（从遇难的船中）救出. (b) (often passive 常用於被动语态) remove sb from (a job, position, etc) 使某人离开（工作、 职位等）; 调离: The officer leading the inquiry has been taken off the case. 主持调查该事的官员已被调离. take sth off (sth) (a) remove or detach sth from (a surface or an edge) 使某物离开或脱离（一表面或边缘）: Would you mind taking your foot off my hand? 你踩著我的手了, 请你把脚抬一下行吗? * take the lid off a jar 打开广口瓶的盖 * The heat has taken the paint off the doors. 门上的油漆受热而剥落. (b) remove (an item) from a menu （从菜单上）删除（一项）: The mixed grill has been taken off (the menu). 烤杂拌这道菜已（从菜单上）取消了. take sth off sth (a) deduct (an amount of money) from sth （从某事物中）减去（一笔钱）: take 10 pence a gallon off the price of petrol 汽油的价格每加仑减去10便士. (b) cause (a product) to be no longer on sale 使（产品）停止销售: Doctors recommended that the drug should be taken off the market. 医生建议市面上应停止出售该类药物. take on (a) (infml 口) become fashionable or popular 流行; 时髦; 受欢迎: The idea never really took on. 这一观念一向不太得人心. (b) (used with an adv 与副词连用) (dated infml 旧, 口) become upset or agitated 烦乱; 不安; 烦恼; 激动: Don't take on so! 别这麽激动! take on sth (no passive 不用於被动语态) begin to have (a particular quality, appearance, etc); assume sth 呈现（某种性质、 样子等）; 装成某事物: He's taken on some irritating mannerisms. 他新添了些讨人嫌的怪毛病. * The chameleon can take on the colours of its background. 避役可将身体颜色变得与周围环境相同. * Her eyes took on a hurt expression. 她的眼里流露出受委屈的神情. take sb on (a) employ sb; engage sb 雇用某人; 聘用某人: take on new staff 雇用新员工 * She was taken on as a graduate trainee. 她应聘为新毕业的实习生.(b) accept sb as one's opponent in a game, etc; tackle sb 同意与某人比赛; 对付某人: take sb on at snooker, squash, tennis, etc 与某人比赛彩色台球、 壁球、 网球等 * Ajax will take on Juventus in this year's European Cup Final. 在今年的欧洲杯足球决赛中阿贾克斯队将与尤文图斯队比赛. take sb/sth on (of a bus, plane, ship, etc) allow sb/sth to enter; take sb/sth on board （指公共汽车、 飞机、 轮船等）许可某人搭乘, 许可装载某物: The bus stopped to take on more passengers. 公共汽车停下让乘客上车. * The ship took on more fuel at Freetown. 轮船在弗里敦加燃料. take sth on decide to do sth; undertake sth 决定做某事; 承担某事: take on extra work 承担额外工作 * She took on greater responsibilities when she was promoted. 她得到提升, 担负了更大的责任. * Don't take on more than you can cope with. 要量力而行. take sb out escort or accompany sb to the theatre, a restaurant, etc 伴随或陪伴某人（去剧院、 饭店等）: Have you taken her out yet? 你带她出去过吗? * He took his wife out to dinner/for a meal on her birthday. 他在妻子过生日时请她出去吃晚饭. take sb/sth out (infml 口) kill sb or destroy sth; put sb/sth out of action 杀死某人; 毁坏某物; 使某人[某物]不能活动或失去作用: Enemy missiles took out two of our fighters. 敌人的导弹炸毁我们两架战斗机. take sth out (a) (US) = take sth away. (b) remove or extract (a part of the body) 除去, 切除, 拔除（身体的一部分）: She's gone into hospital to have her appendix taken out. 她已住院去切除阑尾. * How many teeth did the dentist take out? 牙科医生给患者拔了几颗牙? (c) obtain (an official document or a service) 获得（官方文件或处理）: take out an insurance policy, a mortgage, a patent 领到保险单、 抵押单据、 专利证书. take sth out (against sb) issue (a document that requires sb to appear in court) 发出（传票）: The police have taken out a summons against the drivers of both cars involved in the accident. 警方已向肇事的双方驾驶人发出传票. take sth out (of sth) (a) remove sth from sth 将某物从另一物处移开: Take your hands out of your pockets. 把你的手从衣袋里拿出来. (b) withdraw (money) from a bank account （从银行户头中）提（款）: How much do you need to take out (of the bank)? 你需要（从银行）取多少钱? (c) deduct (an amount of money from sth) （从总额中）减去（一笔钱）: Monthly contributions to the pension scheme will be taken out of your salary. 养老金制度中每月的公积金要从薪金中扣除. (d) cause sth to disappear from sth 使某物消失; 除掉某物: Cold water should take that stain out of your skirt. 用凉水可洗去你裙子上的污迹. take it/sth out on sb behave in an unpleasant way towards sb because one feels angry, disappointed, etc （因生气、 失望等）向某人发泄: I know you've had a bad day but taketake there's no need to take it out on me! 我知道你不痛快－－可是也用不著拿我撒气呀! * He took out his anger on the cat, eg by kicking it. 他拿自己的猫出气（如踢它）. take sb `out of himself make sb forget his worries and become less concerned with himself, his thoughts, etc 使某人摆脱苦恼: A holiday would help to take her out of herself. 她要是去度假就能散散心. take (sth) over gain control of (a country, political party, etc) 控制, 管理（国家、 政党等）: The army is/are threatening to take over if civil unrest continues. 军方声称如内乱不平息将实行军管. * Has the party been taken over by extremists? 该党是否已被极端分子控制? take sth over acquire or gain control of (a business company), esp by obtaining the support of a majority of its shareholders 接收, 接管（公司）（尤指依靠多数股东支持）: The firm has been taken over by an American conglomerate. 该公司已被美国一企业集团接管. take (sth) `over (from sb) take control of or responsibility for sth, esp in place of sb else 接手; 接替; 接任: Peter will take over as managing director when Bill retires. 比尔退休时将由彼得接任总经理一职. * When she fell ill her daughter took over the business from her. 她患病期间生意曾由她女儿代管. * George is taking over the running of our American operation. 乔治准备接手经营我们的美国企业. * Would you like me to take over (the driving) for a while? 你愿意让我接替你（开）一会儿（车）吗? take to ... go away to (a place), esp to escape from an enemy; take refuge in (a place) 离去而到（某处）（尤指为躲避敌人）; 逃入（某处）: take to the forest, woods, jungle, etc 逃进森林、 树林、 丛林等 * The crew took to the lifeboats when the ship was torpedoed. 船被鱼雷击中, 船员逃上救生艇. take to sb/sth develop a liking for sb/sth; develop an ability for sth 对某人[某事物]产生好感; 培养从事某事的能力: I didn't take to her husband at all. 我对她丈夫毫无好感. * I took to her the moment I met her. 我一见到她就立刻对她产生了好感. * He hasn't taken to his new school. 他对这所新学校还不感兴趣. take to sth/doing sth begin to do sth as a habit 逐渐惯於做某事: take to smoking a pipe, sleeping late, going on solitary walks 对吸烟斗、 晚睡、 独自散步逐渐习惯 * She's taken to drink, ie has started to drink a lot of alcoholic drinks. 她喝酒已喝上瘾了. * He took to gardening in his retirement. 他退休後就搞起了园艺. take up continue 继续: This chapter takes up where the last one left off. 本章接续上一章谈到的内容. take up sth fill or occupy (the specified space or time) 填满, 占据（某空间或时间）: This table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地方. * Her time is fully taken up with writing. 她的时间都用於写作了. take sb up (a) adopt sb as a protege; help sb 提携某人; 扶掖某人: The young soprano was taken up by a famous conductor. 那年轻的女高音歌手受到一著名指挥家的提携. (b) interrupt sb in order to contradict or criticize him 打断某人的话（以反驳或批评）: She took me up sharply when I suggested that the job was only suitable for a man. 我提出那工作只适合男人做, 她不容我说完就把我斥责一番. take sth up (a) lift sth up; raise sth 拿起; 举起; 抬起; 提起: take up one's pen, ie in order to write 拿起笔（写字） * The carpets had to be taken up when the house was rewired. 这房子重新安装电线时, 把地毯都掀了起来. (b) absorb (a liquid) 吸收（液体）: Blotting－paper takes up ink. 吸墨纸能吸墨水. (c) make (a garment, curtains, etc) shorter 将（衣服、 帘幕等）改短: This skirt will need taking up, ie to be taken up. 这条裙子需要改短. (d) adopt sth as a hobby or pastime 以某事作为爱好或消遣: take up gardening, golf, yoga 以园艺、 打高尔夫球、 瑜伽作消遣 * She has taken up (ie has begun to learn to play) the oboe. 她学起双簧管来了. (e) start or begin sth, esp a job 开始从事某事（尤指职业）: She has taken up a job as a teacher. 她当上教师了. * She takes up her duties/responsibilities next week. 她下周开始履行职责. (f) add one's voice to sth; join in sth 一起说、 唱或喊; 参加某事: The whole crowd took up the cry: `Long live the King!' 人们齐声欢呼: ｀国王万岁!＇ * take up a chorus, refrain, song, etc 一起合唱、 唱副歌、 唱歌等. (g) continue (a story) that has been interrupted, or left unfinished by sb else 接续讲（中断的或他人未讲完的故事）: She took up the narrative where John had left off. 她接著讲约翰未讲完的故事. (h) adopt or assume (an attitude, a position, etc) 采取（某种态度）; 占据（某位置）: Our troops took up defensive positions on high ground overlooking the river. 我部队在临河高地上占据了防御阵地. (i) accept sth 接受某事物: take up a challenge 接受挑战 * She took up his offer of a drink. 他邀请她喝酒, 她也就接受了. (j) mention sth in order that it may be discussed 提出某事（以期商讨）: I'd like to take up the point you raised earlier. 我想把你曾提过的问题提出来讨论一下. take sb up (on sth) question or challenge sb (about sth); argue with sb (about sth) 询问或质问某人（某事）; 与某人争论（某事）: I must take you up on that point. 我一定要就那个问题和你辩论. * I'd like to take you up on what you said about unemployment. 对於你谈过的失业情况, 我想向你提出问题. take up with sb (infml 口) begin to be friendly with or spend a lot of time with sb (esp sb unpleasant or disreputable) 开始与某人（尤指不好的人）交往: She's taken up with an unemployed actor. 她跟一个失业的男演员混得很熟了. take sb up on sth (infml 口) accept (a challenge, a bet, an offer, etc) from sb 接受（某人的挑战、 提出之事、 提供之物）; 同意与某人打赌: `I bet I can run faster than you.' `I'll take you up on that.' ｀我跟你打赌我跑得比你快.＇｀我同意跟你打赌.＇ * Thanks for the invitation; we may take you up on it some time. 多谢邀请, 我们改日一定应邀. take sth up with sb speak or write to sb about sth; raise sth with sb （口头或书面）向某人谈及某事; 向某人提出某事: I'm thinking of taking the matter up with my MP. 我要向下议院议员提出此事. be taken up with sb/sth have much of one's time and energies occupied by sb/sth 时间和精力多用於某人[某事物]上: She's very taken up with voluntary work at the moment. 她目前大部分时间和精力都用在志愿工作上了. take－away (US `take－out) adj [attrib 作定语] (of food) bought at a restaurant for eating elsewhere （指食物）外卖的, 带走的: a take－away hamburger, pizza, curry 外卖的汉堡包、 意大利饼、 咖喱食品. n 1 restaurant selling such food 外卖餐馆: I'm too tired to cook let's get something from the Chinese take－away. 我累得做不了饭了－－咱们从中国外卖餐馆买些东西来吃吧. 2 meal bought at such a restaurant 在外卖餐馆买的饭菜: I fancy an Indian take－away. 我想吃外卖的印度饭菜. take－home pay amount of one's wages or salary remaining after taxes, etc have been deducted 实得工资（扣除税等後净剩者）. take－off n 1 place at which the feet leave the ground in jumping 起跳处; 起跳点. 2 (of an aeroplane) act of leaving the ground and rising （指飞机）起飞: a smooth take－off 平稳的起飞 * The crash occurred only three minutes after take－off. 飞机起飞後才三分钟就坠毁了.3 ~ (of sb) humorous imitation of sb （对某人）滑稽的模仿: She does a brilliant take－off of the boss. 她学老板的样子学得可笑极了. take－over n 1 act of taking control of a company by buying most of its shares （以收购大部分股票的方式对某公司的）接收: [attrib 作定语] a take－over bid 接收出价. 2 act of taking over a country, etc （对国家等的）接管: a military take－over 军事管制. take－up spool (on a cine－projector, tape－recorder, etc) spool onto which film, tape, etc is wound after use （电影放映机、 录音机等上的）收片卷轴, 收带卷轴. take NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Both last and take are concerned with duration. *last和take都涉及时间的延续. 1 Take indicates that a certain amount of time is needed in order to complete a task, journey, etc. *take指做一件事、 走一段路等所需的时间. Take must be used with an expression of time *take必须与表示时间的词语连用: How long will the job take? 做这项工作需要多长时间? * It takes a long time to get there. 要用很长时间才能到达那里. * It took (me) four hours to write the essay. （我）写那篇文章用了四小时. * I'll clear up you take too long. 我来清理吧－－你用的时间太长.2 Last indicates that an event will continue for a period of time or that there is enough of something for the required purpose. *last指一件事所持续的时间或为达到某目的有充足的条件. The time expression is not obligatory 不一定要有表示时间的词语: His illness has lasted a long time. 他已病了很长时间. * I hope this fine weather lasts. 我希望这样的好天气能持续下去. * Do you think that paint will last (out)? 你看那油漆能耐久吗? 3 Notice the difference between 请注意下面两句话的区别: It takes (me) ten minutes to smoke a cigarette and A cigarette lasts (me) ten minutes. ｀（我）吸一枝烟用十分钟＇及｀一枝烟（我）可吸十分钟＇. 4 A journey can be seen as either a task or an event 走一段路程既可以看作是一项工作也可以看作是一件事: The journey takes/lasts two hours. 走这段路用两小时. take / teIk; tek/ n 1 (usu sing 通常作单数) (a) amount of fish, game1(6), etc caught （捕鱼、 鸟兽等的）捕获量. (b) amount of money, taken or received, eg in return for tickets sold 收入额（如售票所得）. 2 (cinema 影) sequence of film photographed at one time without stopping the camera （一次拍摄的连续）镜头: shoot the scene in a single take 不停机一次连续拍摄那场面. taker / 5teIkE(r); `tekL/ n person who accepts an offer or takes a bet 收取者; 接受者; 同意打赌的人: There's still some cake left any takers? ie Does anyone want some? 还剩下些蛋糕－－有人想吃吗? * The bookies were offering odds of 3 to 1, but there were no takers. 赌马经纪人提出3比1的赔率, 但无人下注. taking / 5teIkIN; `tekIN/ adj (dated 旧) attractive; charming 吸引人的; 迷人的. takings n [pl] amount of money that a shop, theatre, etc gets from selling goods, tickets, etc; receipts （商店、 剧场等的）营业所得, 收入: the day's takings 一日的营业额. talc / tAlk; tAlk/ (also talcum / 5tlkEm; `tAlkEm/) n [U] 1 smooth soft mineral that is powdered for use as a lubricant 滑石. 2 talcum powder 滑石粉; 扑粉; 爽身粉. talcum powder talc, powdered and usu perfumed, put on the skin to make it feel smooth and dry 扑粉; 爽身粉. tale / teIl; tel/ n 1 narrative or story 故事: `fairy tales 神话 * tales of adventure 冒险故事. 2 report spread by gossip, often false or invented 传言; 传闻; 流言蜚语: I've heard some odd tales about her. 我听到些关於她的怪事. * You hear all sorts of tales. 各种流言蜚语满天飞. 3 (idm 习语) dead men tell no tales => dead. live, etc to tell the tale => tell. an old wives' tale => old. tell its own tale => tell. tell tales => tell. thereby hangs a tale => hang1. talebearer, `taleteller ns person who spreads gossip or reports what is meant to be secret 爱传播流言或秘密的人. talent / 5tAlEnt; `tAlEnt/ n 1 [C, U] ~ (for sth) (instance of) special or very great ability 特殊的能力; 才能; 才干; 天才: Her talents are well known. 人人都知道她很有才干. * possess a remarkable talent for music 具有非凡的音乐天才 * a painter of great talent 天才的画家. 2 [U] people who have this 有才能的人; 天才; 人才: We're always looking for new/fresh talent. 我们总是不断寻找新的天才. * an exhibition of local talent, eg of works by local amateur artists 当地人才作品展（如当地业余艺术家的作品展） * [attrib 作定语] a television talent show, ie one featuring talented young performers 电视新秀展播. 3 [U] (sl 俚) sexually attractive people 性感的人: eyeing up the local talent 盯著看当地的漂亮人. 4 [C] unit of money or measure of weight used in ancient times in certain countries 泰伦（古代某些国家使用的货币或重量单位）. talented adj having talent; gifted 有才能的; 有才干的; 天才的: a talented musician 天才的音乐家. talentless adj without talent; not talented 无才能的; 无才干的; 平庸的. talent－scout n person whose job is to find talented performers for the entertainment industry, sports teams, etc 星探（为娱乐业、 运动队等寻找人才者）. talisman / 5tAlIzmEn, also 5tAlIs－; `tAlIzmEn, `tAlIs－/ n (pl ~ s) [C] object that is thought to bring good luck, eg a ring or locket 认为可带来好运之物（如戒指或盒式项链坠）; 辟邪物. talk / tR:k; tRk/ n 1 [C] conversation; discussion 交谈; 商谈; 谈论; 会谈: I had a long talk with the headmaster about my son. 关於我儿子的问题我与校长谈了很长时间. * hold disarmament talks 举行裁军会谈 * The latest round of pay talks has broken down, ie failed to reach an agreement. 最近一轮的工资谈判已经破裂. 2 [U] (a) talking, esp without action or result 谈话; （尤指）空谈: There's too much talk and not enough work being done. 说得太多而做得太少. (b) rumour or gossip 谣言; 闲话: There's (some) talk of a general election. 谣传要进行大选. 3 [C] informal lecture or speech 非正式的演讲或讲话: She gave a talk on her visit to China. 她就访华情况发表了非官方的讲话. 4 [U] (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) way of speaking 说话的方式: baby－talk. 5 (idm 习语) be all `talk (and no action) make empty promises, claims, etc 说空话; 空许愿. fighting talk/words =>word. the talk of sth the main subject of conversation in (a place) （某地）谈论的主要话题; 街谈巷议的话题: Their engagement is the talk of the town. 他们订婚的事成了镇上谈论的话题. talk NOTE ON USAGE 用法: 1 Talk as an uncountablenoun is a general word indicating the activity of speaking*talk作不可数名词时, 是泛指说话这一活动的词: In politics there is too much talk and not enough action. 在政治方面向来是说得多做得少. * Talk is very important in a child's development. 儿童的语言表达能力在其发育过程中是很重要的. Talk can also be a countable noun referring to a (usually) short informal speech to a smallaudience, or, when used in the plural, to formal occasionsof serious talking, often between politicians *talk还可作可数名词, （通常）指在普通场合对少数人发表的简短讲话; 而作复数时则常指政治家之间在庄重的场合中进行的严肃谈话: She gave the society an illustrated talk on her travels in India. 她在协会中借助图片讲述其印度之行. * The two sides in the war have agreed to hold peace talks. 交战双方同意举行和谈. 2 Discussion indicates (a) talk with a serious purpose. *discussion指有重要目的之谈话. It is often a formal exchange of words in which speakers argue about and examine different aspects of a subject 这一词常指发言者就某问题的各个方面交换意见及进行辩论: The problem was solved only after several lengthy discussions. 那个问题几经长时间的讨论才得以解决. * a panel discussion on the radio on the future of the Health Service 无线电广播的展望公共医疗卫生服务的专题小组讨论会. 3 Conversation is usually social and friendly, often for the exchange of ideas or information *conversation 通常指亲切的交谈, 常以交流思想或情况为目的: Television has killed the art of conversation. 电视扼杀了交谈的艺术. * We had an interesting conversation about schools at lunch－time. 我们吃午饭时兴致勃勃地谈论各学校的情况. 4 Chat is (a) friendly talk, usually to exchange personal news, etc *chat是亲切的交谈, 通常为交流个人的情况等: I hadn't seen him for years and we had a long chat about old times. 我几年没见他了, 我们聊过去的事聊了很长时间. 5 Gossip is derogatory and refers to talk about the private lives of other people, often of a critical kind. *gossip是贬义词, 指议论他人的私生活, 常有挑剔性质. A gossip is a person who gossips *gossip是爱说闲话的人: People always gossip a lot in a small village like this. 在这样的小村子里人们总是相互说长道短. * He's a terrible gossip. 他专爱说人闲话. talk / tR:k; tRk/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (to/with sb) (about/of sth/sb) say things; speak to give information, discuss sth, etc 说话; 谈话: We talked (ie to each other) for almost an hour. 我们谈了近一小时. * He was talking to/with a friend. 他在和朋友谈话. * What are they talking about? 他们说什麽呢? * She talked of applying for another job. 她谈到要另申请一份工作. * Are they talking in Spanish or Portuguese? 他们说的是西班牙语还是葡萄牙语? 2 [I] have the power of speech 有说话的能力: The child is learning to talk. 那孩子正在学说话. 3 [Tn] (a) discuss (sth) 讨论（某事）; 谈论; 洽谈: talk business, politics, cricket 谈论生意、 政治、 板球. (b) express (sth) in words 用语言表达（某事）; 说（某事）: talk sense/nonsense 说得有理[无理] * You're talking rubbish. 你胡说. 4 [Tn] use (a particular language) talltame when speaking 用（某种语言）说; 说（某种语言）: talk French 说法语. 5 [Cn.a] bring (oneself) into a certain condition by talking 说话说得（自己）（呈某种状态）: talk oneself hoarse 说话说得声音嘶哑. 6 [I] gossip 说闲话: We must stop meeting like this people are beginning to talk! 我们绝不能再这样约会了－－人们已经说起闲话来了! 7 [I] give information 提供情况; 招供: The police persuaded the suspect to talk. 警方劝嫌疑犯招供. 8 [I] imitate the sounds of speech 模仿说话的声音: You can teach some parrots to talk. 可以教某些鹦鹉说话. =>Usage at say用法见say. 9 (idm 习语) be/get oneself`talked about be/become the subject of gossip 成为闲谈的话题; 成为话柄: Be more discreet or you'll get yourself talked about. 要更谨慎些－－否则你就会成为人们的话柄. know what one is talking about =>know. look who's `talking (infml 口) you shouldn't say such things about others since you are just as bad yourself 你还说别人（你自己也那样）. money talks =>moneymoney. now you're talking (infml 口) I welcome that offer or suggestion 这才像话; 这才合我的心意: Take the day off? Now you're talking! 休息一天怎麽样? 这就好了! speak/talk of the devil =>devil1. talk `big boast 吹牛; 说大话: He talks big but doesn't actually do anything. 他光吹牛, 什麽实际的事都不干. talk dirty use obscene language 说脏话; 说下流话. talk, etc nineteen to the dozen =>dozen. talk one's `head off talk too much 说得太多. talk sb's `head off weary sb by talking too much 说话太多而令某人生厌. talk the hind legs off a donkey (infml 口) (be able to) talk endlessly （能）说个没完. talk sense talk sensibly; say sth that is correct, acceptable, etc 说得有理; 说得对. talk `shop (usu derog 通常作贬义) discuss one's work with colleagues, esp when with other people 与同事谈论自己的工作（尤指当著别人的面）. talk through one's `hat talk nonsense 胡说; 乱说. talk (to sb) like a Dutch `uncle lecture sb severely but kindly 严厉而善意地教训某人. talk `turkey (infml 口 esp US) talk frankly and bluntly 说话坦率. talk one's way out of sth/doing sth avoid sth by clever talking 靠口才避开某事: I'd like to see him talk his way out of this one, ie this trouble he has got into. 我倒要看看他能说会道过得去这一关. talking of sb/sth while on the subject of sb/sth 说到或提到某人[某事物]: Talking of Jim, have you heard that he's getting married? 说到吉姆, 你听说他要结婚了吗? `you can/can't talk (infml 口) = look who's talking. 10 (phr v) talk at sb speak to sb without listening to his replies 对某人说话而不听其反应: I don't like being talked at. 我可不愿意听著一味冲著我讲的话. talk back (to sb) reply defiantly to a reprimand, etc 回嘴; 顶嘴. talk sb down stop sb speaking by talking loudly or persistently 以高声或连续讲话来制止某人说话. talk sb/sth down bring (a pilot or an aircraft) to a landing by radio instructions from the ground （在地面通过无线电指挥）引导（飞行员或飞机）著陆. talk down to sb speak to sb in condescendingly simple language 以简单语言屈高就下与某人谈话. talk sb into/out of doing sth persuade sb to do/not to do sth 说服某人做[不做]某事: He talked his father into lending him the car. 他说服父亲把汽车借给他了. * I tried to talk her out of coming. 我尽量劝她不要来. talk sth out (a) resolve (a problem, etc) by discussion 通过商谈解决（问题等）. (b) (Brit) prevent (a bill) being approved by Parliament by discussing it for so long that a vote cannot be taken （以拖长讨论时间）阻止议会通过（议案）. talk sb over/round (to sth) persuade sb to accept oragree to sth 说服某人接受或同意某事: We finally managedto talk them over/round (to our way of thinking). 我们终於设法说服他们接受了（我们的想法）. talk sth over (with sb) discuss sth 讨论某事. talk round sth discuss sth without coming to the point 不著边际地谈论某事: waste an hour talking round the real problem 围绕实质问题兜圈子谈论浪费一个小时. talk sb/sth up (US) speak in favour of sb/sth; praise sb/sth 说某人[某事物]的好话; 称赞某人[某事物]. talkative / 5tR:kEtIv; `tRkEtIv/ adj fond of talking 爱说话的; 多话的: a very talkative child 爱说话的孩子. talkativeness n [U]. talker n 1 (esp with an adj 尤与形容词连用) person who talks (in the specified way) （以某种方式）谈话的人: a good/poor talker 健谈[不健谈]的人 * She's a great talker, ie She talks a lot. 她很能说. * He's a fast talker, ie able to get out of trouble by talking cleverly. 他是个能言善辩的人. 2 person who talks a lot but does not act 空谈者; 讲空话的人: Don't rely on him to do anything he's just a talker. 什麽事都不要依靠他－－他光会说空话. talking－point n topic that is likely to be discussed or argued about （易引起谈论或争论的）话题. talking－to n (pl －tos) (esp sing 尤作单数) reproof; scolding 训斥; 责骂: That child needs a good talking－to. 那孩子得说他一顿. tall / tR:l; tRl/ adj (－er, －est) 1 (of people or objects) of more than average height; of objects whose height is greater than their width; higher than surrounding objects （指人或物）高的; （指物）长的, 高於周围物体的: She's taller than me. 她比我高. * a tall tree, chimney,spire, mast 高大的树、 烟囱、 塔尖、 船桅. Cf 参看 short1 1.2 of a specified height 有所示之高度的: Tom is six feet tall. 汤姆身高六英尺. =>Usage at height用法见height. 3 (idm 习语) a tall `order (infml 口) difficult task or unreasonable request 困难的任务; 无理的要求. a tall `story (infml 口) story that is difficult to believe 荒诞不经的故事; 难以置信的事. ten feet tall =>foot1. walk tall =>walk1. tallness n [U]. tallboy (Brit) (US `highboy) n tall chest with drawers for clothes, etc （带抽屉的）高衣柜. tallow / 5tAlEU; `tAlo/ n [U] animal fat used for making candles, soap, lubricants, etc （用以制造蜡烛、 肥皂、 润滑剂等的）动物脂. tally / 5tAlI; `tAlI/ n 1 score; reckoning 计分; 计算: Keep a tally of how much you spend. 把你的花费都记录下来. 2 label or ticket used for identification （用以核对的）标签, 票据. tally v (pt, pp tallied) [I, Ipr] ~ (with sth) (of stories, amounts, etc) correspond; agree （指叙事、 故事、 数量等）符合, 一致: His account of the accident tallies with yours. 他对该事故的说法跟你说的一样. * The two lists do not tally. 这两张单子不相符. Talmud / 5tAlmUd; ?@ 5tB:l－; `tBl9mJd/ n collection of ancient writings on Jewish law and tradition 塔木德（犹太法典）. talon / 5tAlEn; `tAlEn/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) claw, esp of a bird of prey 爪（尤指猛禽的）. tam－o－shanter / 9tAm E 5FAntE(r); 9tAmE`FAntL/ (also tammy / 5tmI; `tAmI/) n round Scottish woollen cap with a soft full top （苏格兰人的）呢子圆帽. tamarind / 5tAmErInd; `tAmE9rInd/ n (edible fruit of a) tropical tree 罗望子树（热带树木）; 罗望子果（可食）. tamarisk / 5tAmErIsk; `tAmE9rIsk/ n evergreen shrub with feathery branches and spikes of pink or white flowers 柽柳（常绿灌木, 枝条柔软, 穗状花呈粉红色或白色）. tambour / 5tAmbUE(r); `tAmbJr/ n 1 rolling top or front for a desk, cabinet, etc, made of narrow strips of wood glued to canvas （书桌的）滑动罩盖, （柜子的）拉门（用许多细木条粘在帆布上制成的）. 2 small circularframe for holding fabric taut while it is being embroidered（剌绣用的圆形的）架子. tambourine / 9tAmbE5ri:n; 9tAmbE`rin/ n (music 音) percussion instrument that consists of a small shallow drum with jingling metal discs set in the rim, and is played by shaking or hitting with the hand 铃鼓（四周有金属圆片, 摇动或用手拍打发声）. tame / teIm; tem/ adj (－r, －st) 1 (of animals) gentle and unafraid of human beings; not wild or fierce （指动物）驯服的, 不怕人的, 不凶猛的: a tame monkey 驯服的猴子 * The pigeons are so tame they will sit on your shoulder. 这些鸽子不怕人能落在人的肩膀上. 2 [attrib 作定语] (joc 谑) (of people) available and willing to be told what to do; submissive （指人）听使唤的, 温顺的: I've got a tame mechanic who keeps my car in order. 我有个随和的汽车修理工, 他把我的车保养得很好. 3 dull or unadventurous 沉闷的; 无奇的; 平淡的: I quite enjoyed the book but found the ending rather tame. 我很爱看那本书, 只是结尾颇觉逊色. * The scenery around here is a little tame. 这周围的风景没什麽特色. * a tame attempt to reform the system 对改革体制浅尝辄止. tame v [Tn] make (sth) tame or manageable 使（某 物）驯服或顺从: tame wild birds 调教野鸟 * man's attempts to tame the elements 人类控制自然力的尝试. tameable adj that can be tamed 可驯服的. tamer n (usu in compounds 通常用以构成复合词) person who tames and trains wild animals 驯养者; 驯兽师: a `lion－tamer 驯狮者. tamely adv. tameness n [U]. tamp / tAmp; tAmp/ v (phr v) tamp sth down tap or ram sth down tightly 拍紧或捣实某物: tamp down the tobacco in a pipe 把烟斗中的烟丝压实. tamper / 5tAmpE(r); `tAmpL/ v [Ipr] ~ with sth meddle or interfere with sth; alter sth without authority 干预或干涉某事; 乱弄某物; 擅自改动某事物: Someone has been tampering with the lock. 有人乱动过这把锁. * The records of the meeting had been tampered with. 会议记录已被人擅自改动. * (fig 比喻) tamper with (ie bribe) a jury 贿赂陪审团. tampon / 5tAmpCn; `tAmpBn/ n plug of cotton wool or other absorbent material inserted into a woman's vagina to absorb blood during menstruation （女子使用的）月经棉塞, 卫生栓. tan / tAn; tAn/ v (－nn－) 1 [Tn] convert (animal skin) into leather by treating it with tannic acid, etc 硝（皮）; 制（革）; 鞣（革）. 2 [I, Tn] (cause sth to) become brown by exposure to the sun （使某物）晒成褐色, 晒黑: My skin tans easily. 我的皮肤一晒就黑. * I want to tan my back a bit more. 我想把後背晒得再黑点儿. * You look very tanned －－ have you been on holiday? 你晒得挺黑的－－是度假去了吗? 3 [Tn] (infml 口) beat (sb/sth); thrash 打（某人[某物]）; 痛打. 4 (idm 习语) tan sb's `hide (infml 口) beat sb hard 痛打某人. tan n 1 [U] yellowish－brown colour 黄褐色. 2 [C] brown colour of the skin after exposure to the sun 晒黑的肤色: get a good tan 晒得很黑 * My tan's beginning to fade. 我晒黑的肤色逐渐变浅了. －－ adj yellowish－brown 黄褐色的: tan leather gloves 黄褐色的皮手套. tanner n person who tans skins to make leather 制革工人; 硝皮匠. tannery / 5tAnErI; `tAnErI/ n place where skins are tanned to make leather 制革厂; 硝皮厂. tan / tAn; tAn/ abbr 缩写 = (mathematics 数) tangent. tandem / 5tAndEm; `tAndEm/ n 1 bicycle with seats and pedals for two or more people, one behind another（双人或多人骑的）串联式自行车. 2 (idm 习语) in tandem one behind another 一前一後地; 排成纵列: drive/ride in tandem 一前一後地驾车[骑车] * horses harnessed in tandem 前後串套著的马 * (fig 比喻) The two systems are designed to work in tandem, ie alongside each other, together. 这两套系统是为同步工作而设计的. * He and his wife run the business in tandem, ie as partners. 他和妻子共同经营这生意. tandoori / tAn5dUErI; tBn`dJrI/ n [U] type of Indian food cooked over charcoal in a clay oven 唐杜里（印度食品, 在泥炉中的炭火上烹调而成）: [attrib 作定语] tandoori chicken 唐杜里鸡. tang / tAN; tAN/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) sharp taste, flavour or smell, esp one that is characteristic of sth 强烈的味道或气味（尤指某物特有的）: with a tang of lemon 带柠檬味的 * There's a tang of autumn in the air. 空气中有秋天的气息. tangy / 5tANI; `tANI/ adj (－ier, －iest): a tangy aroma 浓烈的香味. tangent / 5tAndVEnt; `tAndVEnt/ n 1 (geometry 几) straight line that touches the outside of a curve but does not cross it 切线. =>illus at circle 见circle插图.2 (abbr 缩写 tan) (mathematics 数) (in a right－angled triangle) ratio of the sides opposite and adjacent to a given angle 正切. Cf 参看 cosine, sine. 3 (idm 习语) go/fly off at a `tangent change suddenly from one line of thought, action, etc to another 突然改变思想、 行动等. tangerine / 9tAndVE5ri:n; ?@ 5tAndVEri:n; `tAndVE9rin/ n 1 [C] type of small sweet loose－skinned orange 橘子. 2 [U] its deep orange－yellow colour 橘红色. tangible / 5tAndVEbl; `tAndVEbl/ adj 1 (fml 文) that can be perceived by touch 可触知的. 2 [usu attrib 通常作定语] clear and definite; real 明确的; 确切的; 真实的: tangible advantages 真正的优势 * tangible proof 确凿的证据 * the company's tangible assets, eg its buildings, machinery, etc, but not its reputation, etc 公司的有形资产（如其建筑物、 机器等, 但不包括其信誉）. tangibility / 9tndVE5bIlEtI; 9tAndVE`bIlEtI/ n [U]. tangibly / －EblI; －EblI/ n [U]. tangle / 5tANgl; `tAN^l/ n [C] 1 confused mass (of string, hair, etc) （绳子、 毛发等的）乱团: brush the tangles out of a dog's fur 刷顺狗毛 * The wool got in a fearful tangle. 毛线乱成了一团. 2 confused condition 混乱: His financial affairs are in such a tangle. 他的钱财是糊涂帐. tangle v 1 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (up) (cause sth to) become twisted into a confused mass （使某物）乱作一团, 绞在一起: Her hair got all tangled up in the barbed wire fence. 她的头发让刺钢丝篱笆都给挂住了. 2 [Ipr] ~ with sb/sth become involved in a quarrel or fightwith sb/sth 与某人吵嘴或打架; 与某事有纠葛: I shouldn'ttangle with Peter －－ he's bigger than you. 我不该与彼得纠缠－－他比你块头大. tangled adj: tangled hair, wire, undergrowth 乱毛发、 金属丝、 灌木丛. tangly adj tangled 混乱的; 乱作一团的. tango / 5tANgEU; `tAN^o/ n (pl ~s / －gEUz; －^oz/) (music for a) ballroom dance with gliding steps and a strongly marked rhythm 探戈舞; 探戈舞曲: dance/do the tango 跳探戈舞. tango v (pt, pp －goed, pres p －going) [I] dance the tango 跳探戈舞. tangy => tang. tank / tANk; tANk/ n 1 (a) large container, usu for liquid or gas 大容器（通常盛液体或气体）; 大桶; 箱; 罐; 槽: the `petrol－tank of a car 汽车的油箱 * keep tropical fish in a glass tank 在玻璃缸中养热带鱼 * Water is stored in tanks under the roof. 水贮存於屋顶下的水箱中. (b) (also tankful / －fUl; －fJl/) contents of this 大桶、 箱、 罐、 槽等所盛之物或量: We drove there and back on one tank of petrol. 我们开车到那里来回用了一油箱汽油. 2 armoured fighting vehicle with guns which moves on Caterpillar tracks 坦克车; 坦克: [attrib 作定语] a tank commander 坦克指挥官. 3 (in India, Pakistan, etc) large artificial reservoir for storing water （印度、 巴基斯坦等）人工大水库. tank v (phr v) tank up fill the tank of a vehicle, etc 将车辆等的油箱加满油. be/get tanked up (sl 俚) be/become drunk 喝醉: We got really tanked up on whisky and beer. 我们喝威士忌和啤酒喝醉了. tanker n (a) ship or aircraft for carrying petroleum, etc in bulk 运送石油等的轮船或飞机: an oil tanker 油轮. (b) (US also `tank truck) heavy road vehicle with a large cylindrical tank for carrying oil, milk, etc in bulk （陆上运送油、 奶等的）卡车, 罐车. tankard / 5tANkEd; `tANkLd/ n large (usu metal) drinking mug with a handle, esp one for beer （通常为金属的）有把手的大缸子; （尤指）啤酒杯. =>illus at cup 见 cup 插图. tanner => tan1. tannery => tan1. tannic / 5tAnIk; `tAnIk/ adj of tannin 鞣酸的; 单宁酸的. tannic acid tannin 鞣酸; 单宁; 单宁酸. tannin / 5tAnIn; `tAnIn/ n [U] any of various compounds obtained from the bark of oak and other trees and used in tanning, dyeing, etc 鞣酸; 单宁; 单宁酸. Tannoy / 5tAnRI; `tAnRI/ n (propr 专利名) type of public－address system 坦诺扩音系统: an announcement made over/on the Tannoy 经坦诺扩音系统发布的通告. tantalize, tantalise / 5tAntElaIz; `tAntl9aIz/ v [Tn] tease or torment (a person or an animal) by the sight of sth that is desired but cannot be reached （以可望而不可即之物）逗引或招惹（人或动物）: Give the dog the bone don't tantalize him. 把那块骨头给那条狗吧－－别让它乾著急了. * He was tantalized by visions of power and wealth. 他追求不到可望而不可即的权力和财富, 受尽了折磨. tantalizing, tantalising adj: a tantalizing smell of food 诱人的食物气味. tantalizingly, tantalisingly adv: tantalizingly near 近得使人跃跃欲试. tantamount / 5tAntEmaUnt; `tAntE9maJnt/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ to sth equal in effect to sth; as good as sth 与某事物效果相等; 与某事物相同: The King's request was tantamount to a command. 国王的要求就相当於命令. * Her statement is tantamount to a confession of guilt. 她的供述等於认罪 tantrum / 5tAntrEm; `tAntrEm/ n outburst of bad temper, esp in a child 脾气发作（尤指儿童）: have/throw a tantrum 发脾气 * be in/get in(to) a tantrum 在发脾气. tap / tAp; tAp/ n 1 (US faucet) device for controlling the flow of liquid or gas out of a pipe or container （控制液体或气体流出的）龙头, 旋塞: hot and cold taps, eg on a basin, bath, etc 冷水和热水的龙头 * turn the tap on/off 打开[关上]龙头 * Don't leave the taps running, ie Turn them off. 要把龙头关上. Cf 参看 valve 1. 2 act of tapping a telephone or connection for doing this 电话窃听（接线）: put a tap on sb's phone 给某人的电话接通窃听器. 3 (idm 习语) on tap (a) (of beer, etc) in a barrel with a tap; on draught （指啤酒等）装在有龙头的桶里的, 散装的. (b) (fig 比喻) available when needed 现成的; 随时可获得的. tap v (－pp－) 1 (a) [Tn] draw liquid from (sth) 从（某物）中放出液体: tap a cask of cider 从桶中放出苹果酒. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (off) (from sth) draw (liquid) through the tap of a barrel 打开桶的龙头放出（液体）: tap off some cider 打开龙头放出些苹果酒 * tap cider from a cask 打开桶的龙头放出苹果酒. 2 (a) [Tn] cut the bark of (a tree) in order to collect the sap 割开（树）的皮（以收取汁液）: tap rubber－trees 割胶. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (off) collect (sap) in this way （割开树皮）收取（汁液）. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth/sb (for sth) extract or obtain (sth) from sth/sb 自某物[某人]处引出或获取（某物）: vast mineral wealth waiting to be tapped 待开采的大量矿产 * new ways of tapping the skills of young people 使青年人发挥技能的新途径 * (infml 口) tap sb for a loan 向某人借钱. 4 [Tn] fit a listening device to (a telephone line) 在（电话线路）上装窃听器: I think my phone is being tapped. 我想现在有人窃听我的电话. tap－root n chief root of a plant, growing straight downwards （植物的）主根. tap－water n [U] water supplied through pipes to taps in a building, esp contrasted with types of bottled water 自来水. tap / tAp; tAp/ n 1 [C] (sound of a) quick light blow 轻快的敲击（声）: They heard a tap at the door. 他们听见轻轻的敲门声. * He felt a tap on his shoulder. 他觉得有人轻拍他的肩膀. * She gave the lid a few gentle taps to loosen it. 她把盖子轻拍了几下使它松动. 2 taps [sing v] (US) (in the armed forces) last bugle call of the day, the signal for lights to be put out （军队）熄灯号. tap v (－pp－) 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (with sth) knock gently on sb/sth 轻拍某人; 轻敲某物: tab sb on the shoulder 轻拍某人肩膀 * He tapped the box with astick. 他用小棒敲打盒子. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (against/on sth) strike (sth) lightly with sth 以某物轻击（某物）: tapping her fingers on the table 用她的手指轻敲著桌子. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (at/on sth) give a tap or taps 轻敲; 轻拍; 轻击; 轻踏: Who's that tapping at the window? 谁在敲窗户? tap－dance n dance in which an elaborate rhythm is tapped with the feet 踢踏舞. v [I] perform this dance 跳踢踏舞. tap－dancer n. tap－dancing n [U]. tape / teIp; tep/ n 1 [C, U] (piece of a) narrow strip of material used for tying, fastening or labelling things （用以捆、 系物品或作标记的）带子, 线带: three yards of linen tape 三码亚麻带 * a parcel tied up with tape 用带子捆著的包裹 * The seat covers are held in place by tapes. 椅套用带子系在椅子上. 2 [C] piece of this stretched across a race－track at the finishing－line （拉在跑道终点的）终点线: He breasted/broke the tape (ie finished the race) half a second ahead of his rival. 他比对手早半秒钟撞线（到达终点）. 3 [U] strip of paper orother flexible material coated with adhesive for fasteningpackages, etc （粘贴包裹等的）胶带, 胶条: sticky tape 胶黏带 * insulating tape 绝缘胶带. 4 [U] narrow continuousstrip of paper on which a teleprinter prints a message （电传打印机的）收报纸带. 5 [C, U] (reel of) magnetic tape; recording made on this 磁带; 录像（带）; 录音（带）: The police seized various books and tapes. 警方查获了各种书和磁带. * make a tape of sb's conversation 录下某人的谈话 * listening to a tape of the Beatles 听披头士乐队的录音带 * I've got all the Beethoven symphonies on tape. 我有贝多芬交响乐全部的录音带. 6 [C] = tape－measure. tape v 1 [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (up) tie or fasten sth with tape 用带子捆或系某物. 2 [Tn] record (sb/sth) on magnetic tape 将（某人[某事物]）录在录像带上; 给（某人[某事物]）录音: taped a concert off/from the radio 录下音乐会的无线电广播. 3 (idm 习语) have (got) sb/sth taped (infml 口 esp Brit) understand sb/sth fully; be able to manage, influence or control sb/sth 全面了解某人[某事物]; 能管理、 影响或控制某人[某事物]: It took me a while to learn the rules of the game but I think I've got them taped now. 我用了些时间学习游戏规则, 大概现在已经掌握了. tape deck tape recorder as one component in a hi－fi system （高保真度的音响装置中的）录音座. tape－measure n (also tape, `measuring tape) stripof tape or flexible metal marked in inches or centimetres,etc for measuring length 卷尺; 皮尺. tape－recorder n apparatus for recording sounds on magnetic tape and playing back the recording 录音机. tape－recording n recording made on magnetic tape （录在磁带上的）录音, 录像. tapeworm n tape－like worm that lives as a parasite in the intestines of man and other animals 绦虫. taper / 5teIpE(r); `tepL/ n length of wax－covered thread like a very thin candle burned to give light or to light other candles, etc 蜡捻子, 细蜡烛（点燃後用以照明或引火）: put a taper to the fire 用蜡捻儿引火. taper / 5teIpE(r); `tepL/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (off) (to sth) become or make (sth) gradually narrower 逐渐变窄; 使（某物）逐渐变窄: tapering at the ends 末端渐窄 * a blade that tapers off to a fine point 缩窄成细尖的叶片 * The trouser legs are slightly tapered. 裤腿逐渐向里收窄了一些. Cf 参看 flare2. 2 [Ip, Tn.p] ~ (sth) off (cause sth to) become less in amount, etc or to cease gradually （使某物）变少, 变小; （使某物）逐渐终止: The number of applicants for the course has been tapering off recently. 申请上该课程的人近来已逐渐减少. * taper off production 逐渐停产. taper n (usu sing 通常作单数) gradual narrowing of a long object （长形物体的）逐渐变窄: trousers with a slight taper 裤脚稍瘦进一些的长裤. tapestry / 5tApEstrI; `tApIstrI/ n [C, U] (piece of) cloth into which threads of coloured wool are woven or embroidered by hand to make pictures or designs, used for covering walls and furniture 绣帷; 织花帷; 壁毯; 挂毯. tapestried adj hung or decorated with tapestries 挂绣帷或挂毯的; 以绣帷或挂毯装饰的: tapestried walls 挂有绣帷的墙. tapioca / 9tApI5EUkE; 9tApI`okE/ n [U] starchy food in hard white grains, obtained from the cassava plant 木薯淀粉. tapir / 5teIpE(r); `tepL/ n small pig－like animal of tropical America and Malaysia, with a long flexible nose 貘（产於马来西亚和美洲热带地区）. tappet / 5tApIt; `tApIt/ n projection in a piece of machinery that causes a certain movement by tapping against sth, used eg to open and close a valve 挺杆. tap / tAp; tAp/ n 1 (US faucet) device for controlling the flow of liquid or gas out of a pipe or container （控制液体或气体流出的）龙头, 旋塞: hot and cold taps, eg on a basin, bath, etc 冷水和热水的龙头 * turn the tap on/off 打开[关上]龙头 * Don't leave the taps running, ie Turn them off. 要把龙头关上. Cf 参看 valve 1. 2 act of tapping a telephone or connection for doing this 电话窃听（接线）: put a tap on sb's phone 给某人的电话接通窃听器. 3 (idm 习语) on tap (a) (of beer, etc) in a barrel with a tap; on draught （指啤酒等）装在有龙头的桶里的, 散装的. (b) (fig 比喻) available when needed 现成的; 随时可获得的. tap v (－pp－) 1 (a) [Tn] draw liquid from (sth) 从（某物）中放出液体: tap a cask of cider 从桶中放出苹果酒. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (off) (from sth) draw (liquid) through the tap of a barrel 打开桶的龙头放出（液体）: tap off some cider 打开龙头放出些苹果酒 * tap cider from a cask 打开桶的龙头放出苹果酒. 2 (a) [Tn] cut the bark of (a tree) in order to collect the sap 割开（树）的皮（以收取汁液）: tap rubber－trees 割胶. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (off) collect (sap) in this way （割开树皮）收取（汁液）. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth/sb (for sth) extract or obtain (sth) from sth/sb 自某物[某人]处引出或获取（某物）: vast mineral wealth waiting to be tapped 待开采的大量矿产 * new ways of tapping the skills of young people 使青年人发挥技能的新途径 * (infml 口) tap sb for a loan 向某人借钱. 4 [Tn] fit a listening device to (a telephone line) 在（电话线路）上装窃听器: I think my phone is being tapped. 我想现在有人窃听我的电话. tap－root n chief root of a plant, growing straight downwards （植物的）主根. tap－water n [U] water supplied through pipes to taps in a building, esp contrasted with types of bottled water 自来水. tap / tAp; tAp/ n 1 [C] (sound of a) quick light blow 轻快的敲击（声）: They heard a tap at the door. 他们听见轻轻的敲门声. * He felt a tap on his shoulder. 他觉得有人轻拍他的肩膀. * She gave the lid a few gentle taps to loosen it. 她把盖子轻拍了几下使它松动. 2 taps [sing v] (US) (in the armed forces) last bugle call of the day, the signal for lights to be put out （军队）熄灯号. tap v (－pp－) 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (with sth) knock gently on sb/sth 轻拍某人; 轻敲某物: tab sb on the shoulder 轻拍某人肩膀 * He tapped the box with astick. 他用小棒敲打盒子. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (against/on sth) strike (sth) lightly with sth 以某物轻击（某物）: tapping her fingers on the table 用她的手指轻敲著桌子. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (at/on sth) give a tap or taps 轻敲; 轻拍; 轻击; 轻踏: Who's that tapping at the window? 谁在敲窗户? taps => tap2 2. tar / tB:(r); tBr/ n [U] 1 thick black sticky liquid, hard when cold, obtained from coal, etc and used in making roads, to preserve timber, etc 焦油; 焦油沥青; 柏油.2 similar substance formed by burning tobacco （烟草燃烧产生的）烟油, 尼古丁: [attrib 作定语] low－/middle－/high－tar cigarettes 尼古丁含量低[中/高]的香烟. tar v (－rr－) 1 [Tn] cover (sth) with tar 以焦油或沥青覆盖或涂抹（某物）; 铺以柏油: a tarred road, rope, roof 铺柏油的路、 涂焦油的绳子、 涂沥青的屋顶. Cf 参看 Tarmac. 2 (idm 习语) tar and `feather sb put tar on sb and then cover him with feathers, as a punishment 将某人涂以沥青然後覆以羽毛（作为处罚）. tarred withthe same `brush (as sb) having the same faults (as sb)（与某人）有同样的缺点. tar / tB:(r); tBr/ n (also Jack tar) (dated infml 旧, 口) sailor 水手; 水兵. taradiddle / 5tArEdIdl; ?@ 9tArE5dIdl; 9tArE`dIdl/ n (dated infml 旧, 口) 1 [C] petty lie; fib 小谎. 2 [U] nonsense 胡说; 瞎说: That's all taradiddle! 那都是胡说八道! taramasalata / 9tArEmEsE5lB:tE; 9tArEmEsE`lBtE/ n [U] edible (usu pink) paste made from the smoked roe of mullet or cod （以鲻鱼子或鳕鱼子熏制的）鱼子酱（通常呈粉红色）. tarantella / 9tArEn5telE; 9tArEn`tZlE/ n (music for a) fast whirling Italian dance 塔兰台拉舞; 塔兰台拉舞曲. tarantula / tE5rAntjUlE; ?@ －tFElE; tE`rAntFElE/ n any of several types of large spider, many of them hairy and some of them poisonous 大蜘蛛（多有毛, 有的有毒）. tarboosh / tB:5bu:F; tBr`buF/ n brimless felt cap like a fez, worn by Muslim men in certain countries 塔布什帽（某些国家穆斯林男子戴的无沿毡帽）. tardy / 5tB:dI; `tBrdI/ adj (－ier, －iest) (fml 文) 1 slow to act, move or happen 行动缓慢的; 缓缓移动的; 迟缓的; 拖拉的: tardy in offering help 提供帮助不及时 * tardy progress, repentance, recognition 缓慢的进步、 事过後悔、 缓慢的认识. 2 (of actions, etc; US also of people) late （指行动等; 美式英语亦用於指人）晚的, 迟的: a tardy arrival, return, departure, etc 迟到、 迟归、 迟动身 * be tardy for/to school 上学迟到. tardily / －IlI; －IlI/ adv. tardiness n [U]. tare / teE(r); tZr/ n 1 weight of the container in which goods are packed, or of the vehicle carrying them 皮重（包装货物的容器重量）; 包装重量; 车身重（载货车辆的重量）; 车皮重. 2 allowance made for this when the goods are weighed together with their container or vehicle 皮重的扣除. target / 5tB:gIt; `tBr^It/ n 1 object or mark that a person tries to hit in shooting, etc; disc marked with concentric circles for this purpose in archery 目标; 靶. =>illus at archery 见archery插图. 2 person or thing against which criticism, etc is directed 受批评等的人或事物; 批评的目标、 对象: become the target of scorn, derision, spite, etc 成为受轻蔑、 嘲笑、 怨恨等的对象. 3 result aimed at; objective 目的; 目标: meet one's export targets 达到出口指标 * Production so far this year is on/off target. 今年到目前为止生产已达到[未达到]指标. * The embassy is an obvious target for terrorist attacks. 大使馆是恐怖分子攻击的明显目标. * [attrib 作定语] a target date, ie one set for completion of a project, etc 预定日期（为完成计画等订立的）. target v [usu passive 通常用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (at/on sth/sb) aim sth 瞄准某物: missiles targeted on Britain 瞄准英国的导弹 * a sales campaign targeted at the youth market 面向青年人市场的大推销. tariff / 5tArIf; `tArIf/ n 1 list of fixed charges, esp for rooms, meals, etc at a hotel 价目表（尤指旅馆的房间、 餐食等的）. 2 duty to be paid on imports or (less often) exports 进出口货物（较少指出口货物）关税: [attrib 作定语] raise tariff barriers against foreign goods 削减进口税. Cf 参看 tax 1. Tarmac / 5tB:mAk; `tBr9mAk/ n [U] (a) (propr 专利名) (also tar macadam) material for surfacing roads, etc, consisting of broken stone mixed with tar （铺设路面的）碎石和沥青的混合材料. (b) tarmac area surfaced with this, esp on an airfield 柏油碎石路面（尤指飞机场的）: The plane taxied along the tarmac. 飞机沿跑道滑行. Cf 参看 macadam. tarmac v (pt, pp tarmacked, pres p tarmacking) [Tn] surface (sth) with Tarmac 以碎石沥青铺盖（某物）表面: I'm going to tarmac the front drive. 我要把前面的汽车道铺上碎石沥青. tarn / tB:n; tBrn/ n (often in names) small mountain lake （常用於名字）山中的小湖. tarnish / 5tB:nIF; `tBrnIF/ v 1 [I, Tn] (cause sth to) lose its brightness by being exposed to air or damp （因暴露於空气或潮气）（使某物）失去光泽: mirrors that have tarnished with age 因年深月久而失去光泽的镜子 * The brasswork needs polishing it's badly tarnished. 那黄铜制品该擦了－－黑糊糊的. 2 [Tn] stain or blemish (a reputation, etc) 玷污, 损害（名誉等）: The firm's good name was badly tarnished by the scandal. 这件丑事玷污了公司的好名声. tarnish n [C, U] loss of brightness; stain or blemish 晦暗; 污点; 瑕疵: remove the tarnish from silver 除去银子上的污点. taro / 5tB:rEU; `tBro/ n (pl ~s) any of various types of tropical plant with a starchy root used as food, esp in the Pacific islands 芋; 芋头. tarot / 5tArEU; `tAro/ n (a) [C] any one of a special pack of cards used mainly for fortune－telling 塔罗特纸牌（主要用於占卜）. (b) [sing] game played with these 塔罗特纸牌戏: playing the tarot 玩塔罗特纸牌 * [attrib 作定语] tarot cards 塔罗特纸牌. tarpaulin / tB:5pR:lIn; tBr`pRlIn/ n [C, U] (sheet or covering of) canvas made waterproof, esp by being treated with tar 防水帆布; 防水帆布罩; （尤指）柏油帆布: goods on a lorry covered by a tarpaulin 卡车上苫著雨布的货物. tarragon / 5tArEgEn; ?@ －gCn; `tArE9^Bn/ n [U] (herb with) leaves that are used for flavouring salads and vinegar 龙蒿; 龙蒿叶（用以为色拉和醋调味）: add a sprinkling of dried tarragon 放点儿乾的龙蒿叶. tarry / 5tArI; `tArI/ v (pt, pp tarried) [I, Ipr] (arch or rhet 古或修辞) delay in coming to or going from a place; linger 耽搁; 逗留; 徘徊: Tarry a while at this charming country inn. 在这个可爱的乡村小酒馆里呆一会儿吧. tarry / 5tB:rI; `tBrI/ adj (－ier, －iest) of, like or covered with tar 沥青的; 柏油的; 如沥青的; 涂有沥青的. tarsal / 5tB:sl; `tBrsl/ adj (anatomy 解) of the bones in the ankle 跗骨的. tarsal n (anatomy 解) one of the bones in the ankle 跗骨（之一块）. =>illus at skeleton 见 skeleton 插图. tarsus / 5tB:sEs; `tBrsEs/ n (pl tarsi / －saI; －saI/) (anatomy 解) group of seven small bones in the ankle 跗骨（由踝部七块小骨组成）. tart / tB:t; tBrt/ adj 1 sharp－tasting; acid 辛辣的; 酸的: This fruit tastes rather tart. 这水果吃著有些酸. 2 [usu attrib 通常作定语] (fig 比喻) sharp in manner; cutting or sarcastic 尖酸的; 尖刻的; 伤害的; 讽刺的: a tart remark, reply, tone 尖酸的言语、 回答、 语调 * He can be quite tart. 他有时很刻薄. tartly adv. tartness n [U]. tart / tB:t; tBrt/ n 1 (esp Brit) pie containing fruit or other sweet filling, often without a covering of pastry 果馅饼（以水果或其他甜料作馅, 常无上面的饼皮）. 2 small circle of pastry cooked with jam, etc on it （上面有果酱等的）小圆饼. Cf 参看 flan. tart / tB:t; tBrt/ n (sl 俚) 1 prostitute 妓女. 2 (derog 贬) girl or woman, esp one regarded as being sexually immoral 小妞儿; 娘儿们; （尤指）破鞋. tart v (phr v) ~ sb/sth up (infml 口) dress or decorate sb/sth in a gaudy way; smarten sb/sth up, esp cheaply or superficially 将某人打扮得妖艳; 将某物装饰得俗气; （尤指以廉价的服饰或从外表上）打扮某人, 装饰某物: tarting herself up for the disco 把她自己打扮得花枝招展去跳迪斯科 * They've tarted up the restaurant but the food hasn't improved. 他们已将饭店装修了一番, 但饭菜并无改进. tartan / 5tB:tn; `tBrtn/ n 1 [C, U] pattern of coloured stripes crossing at right angles, esp one associated with a Scottish clan 花格图案（尤指与苏格兰家族有关的）. 2 [U] woollen fabric woven in such a pattern 彩色格呢; 苏格兰格呢: [attrib 作定语] a tartan skirt 彩色格呢裙. tartar / 5tB:tE(r); `tBrtL/ n [U] 1 hard chalky deposit that forms on the teeth 牙垢; 牙石. Cf 参看 plaque2.2 reddish deposit that forms on the inside of a cask in which wine is fermented 酒石（形成於酒的发酵桶内侧者）. tartaric / tB:5tArIk; tBr`tArIk/ adj of or derived from tartar 酒石的; 由酒石生成的. tartaric acid acid of tartar, found in many plants and the juice of fruit, and used in making baking powder, etc 酒石酸, 果酸（存在於许多植物和果汁中, 用以制发酵粉等）. tartar / 5tB:tE(r); `tBrtL/ n person who has a violent temper or is difficult to deal with 脾气暴躁的人; 难对付的人. tartar sauce / 9tB:tE(r) 5sR:s; ?@ 5tB:rtEr sR:s; `tBrtL9sRs/ cold sauce of mayonnaise with chopped onions, herbs, capers, gherkins, etc, eaten esp with fish 塔塔沙司（用蛋黄酱加碎洋葱、 香料, 续随子及小黄瓜制成, 尤用以佐鱼）. task / tB:sk; ?@ tAsk; tAsk/ n 1 piece of (esp hard or unpleasant) work that has to be done 必须做的工作（尤指困难的或讨厌的）; 任务: holiday tasks 假期作业 * I set myself the task of chopping up the firewood. 我给自己安排了劈柴的任务. * perform the gruesome task of identifying the dead bodies 执行辨认尸体这一可怕的任务 * Becoming fluent in a foreign language is no easy task, ie is difficult. 熟练地掌握一门外语是一项艰苦的工作. =>Usage at work1 用法见work1. 2 (idm 习语) take sb to task (about/for/over sth) rebuke or criticize sb 指责或批评某人: I was taken to task for arriving late. 我因迟到而受批评. * She took the government to task over its economic record. 她批评政府的经济劣迹. task v [Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ sb with sth give sth to sb as a task 将某事作为任务交与某人: tasked with the design of a new shopping centre 被派给设计新购物中心的任务. task force group of people and resources specially organized for a particular (esp military) task 特派组; 特遣部队. taskmaster (fem 阴性作 `taskmistress) n person who is strict in making others work hard 监工: a hard taskmaster 严厉的监工. TASS / tAs; tAs/ abbr 缩写 = official news agency of the former USSR (Russian Telegrafnoye Agenstvo Sovietskovo Soyuza) 塔斯社（前苏联官方通讯社）（源自俄文Telegrafnoye Agenstvo Sovietskovo Soyuza）. tassel / 5tAsl; `tAsl/ n bunch of threads tied at one end and hanging (from a cushion, tablecloth, hat, etc) as an ornament （垫子、 台布、 帽子等垂下的）穗, 缨, 流苏. tasselled (US tasseled) adj ornamented with a tassel or tassels 饰有穗、 缨或流苏的. taste / teIst; test/ n 1 [C, U] sensation caused in the tongue by things placed on it 味道: Sugar has a sweet taste. 糖有甜味. * a strong taste of garlic 很浓的蒜味 * I don't like the taste of this cheese. 我不喜欢这乳酪的味道. * a wine that has no/very little/not much taste 没味的[味淡的/没什麽味的]酒. 2 [U] sense by which flavour is known 味觉: I've got a cold and so I have no taste/have lost my sense of taste. 我伤风了, 尝不出味道. * bitter to the taste 苦味. 3 [C usu sing 通常作单数]~ (of sth) (a) small quantity of food or drink taken as a sample （品尝的）少量食物或饮料: Just have a taste of this cheese! 尝一点儿这种乳酪吧! (b) (fig 比喻) first/early experience of sth 首次的[最初的]经历或体验; 尝试: her first taste of life in a big city 她对大城市生活初次的体验 * Although we didn't know it, this incident was a taste of things to come. 我们当时并不了解, 这件事就是後来这类事的发端. 4 [C, U] ~ (for sth) liking or preference 爱好; 嗜好: She has a taste for foreign travel. 她有到国外旅行的爱好. * have expensive tastes in clothes 喜欢昂贵的衣服 * Modern art is not (to) everyone's taste, ie Many people dislike it. 现代艺术不见得合所有人的口味（很多人不喜欢）. 5 [U] ability to perceive and enjoy what is beautiful or harmonious, or to behave in an appropriate and a pleasing way 判断力; 鉴赏力; 审美力; 欣赏力; 适度而得体的举止: have excellent taste in clothes, art, music, etc 对服装、 艺术、 音乐等很有鉴赏力 * He's got more money than taste, ie is rich but unrefined. 他有钱却无修养. * a room furnished in/with perfect taste 布置得相当雅致的房间 * It would be bad taste to refuse their invitation. 拒绝他们的邀请是不礼貌的. 6 (idm 习语) an acquired taste => acquire. (be) in good, bad, poor, the best of, theworst of, etc `taste (of sb's behaviour, etc) appropriateand pleasing/unsuitable and offensive （指某人的举止等）适度而得体[失当而粗俗]: She always dresses in the best possible taste. 她总是穿得很雅致. * I thought his jokes were in very poor taste. 我认为他讲的笑话太粗俗了. leave a bad/nasty taste in the mouth => leave1. there's no accounting for taste => account2. to `taste (esp in recipes) in the amount preferred （尤用於食谱中）适量: Add salt to taste. 按口味放盐. tasteful / －fl; －fEl/ adj showing good taste1(5) 有良好判断力、 鉴赏力等的; 举止得体的. tastefully / －fElI; －fElI/adv: tastefully decorated 装饰得高雅的. tastefulness n [U]. tasteless adj 1 having no flavour 无味的. 2 showing poor taste1(5) 无判断力、 鉴赏力等的; 举止粗俗的: tasteless jokes 粗俗的笑话. tastelessly adv. tastelessness n [U]. tasty adj (－ier, －iest) having a strong and pleasant flavour; appetizing 美味的; 引起食欲的: a tasty dish 一道好吃的菜. tastily / －IlI; －IlI/ adv. tastiness n [U]. taste－bud n (usu pl 通常作复数) any of the smallprojections on the tongue by which flavours are perceived 味蕾. taste / teIst; test/ v 1 [I, Tn] (not used in the continuous tenses; often with can 不用於进行时态; 常与can连用) be able to perceive (flavours) 能辨别（味道）; 尝出; 品出: I can't taste, I've got a bad cold. 我得了重感冒, 尝不出味道来. * Can you taste the garlic in this stew? 你尝得出炖肉里有大蒜味儿吗? 2 [La, Ipr] ~ (of sth) have a certain (specified) flavour 有某种（所指的）味道: taste sour, bitter, sweet, etc 有酸、 苦、 甜等味 * It tastes strongly of mint. 这有挺冲的薄荷味儿. 3 [Tn] test the flavour of (sth) 尝（某物）的味道; 品: He tasted the soup to see if he had put enough salt in it. 他尝尝汤, 看是否够咸. =>Usage at feel1 用法见feel1. 4 [Tn] eat or drink (food or liquid) 吃（食物）; 喝（液体）: They hadn't tasted hot food for over a week. 他们已有一个多星期没吃上热东西了. * That's the best wine I've ever tasted. 那是我喝过的最好的酒. 5 [Tn] (fig 比喻) experience (sth) 体验, 领略（某事）: taste power, freedom, failure, defeat, etc 尝到权力、 自由、 失败、 挫败等的滋味. taster n person whose job is to judge the quality of wine, tea, etc by tasting it 品尝员; 品酒师; 品茶师. tasting n event at which sth is tasted 品尝会: go to a wine/cheese tasting 去参加酒类[乳酪]品尝会. tat / tAt; tAt/ v (－tt－) (a) [I] do tatting 梭织. (b) [Tn] make (sth) by tatting 用梭织法编织（某物）. tat / tAt; tAt/ n [U] (Brit infml 口) tatty things; shoddy or shabby goods 不整洁之物; 劣质的或破旧的货物: a shop selling dreadful old tat 出售破烂旧物的店子. tat / tAt; tAt/ n (idm 习语) tit for tat => tit2. tatters / 5tAtEz; `tAtLz/ n [pl] 1 irregularly torn pieces of cloth, etc; rags 碎布; 破旧的衣服: a poor beggar dressed in rags and tatters 衣衫褴褛的、 可怜的乞丐 * His clothes hung in tatters. 他的衣服破成了条儿耷拉著. 2 (idm 习语) in tatters destroyed; ruined 破坏的; 毁坏的; 毁灭的: left his reputation, life, career, etc in tatters 使他的名誉、 生活、 事业等受损害 * She replied to my points so convincingly that my argument was soon in tatters. 她反驳我提出的各点都很有说服力, 很快就将我的论点驳倒. tattered adj ragged 破烂的; 褴褛的. tatting / 5tAtIN; `tAtIN/ n [U] (a) type of lace that is made by hand and used for trimming （用於装饰的）手工花边. (b) process of making this 编织手工花边. tattle / 5tAtl; `tAtl/ v [I] chatter or gossip idly; reveal information by doing this 闲谈; 闲聊; （聊天中）透露消息: Who's been tattling? 谁在说闲话呢? tattle n [U] idle chatter or gossip 闲谈; 闲聊. tattler / 5tAtlE(r); `tAtlL/ (US `tattle－tale) n person who tattles 爱闲聊的人; 爱透露消息的人. tattoo / tE5tu:; ?@ tA5tu:; tA`tu/ n (pl ~s) 1 [sing] evening drum or bugle signal calling soldiers back to their quarters 归营鼓; 归营号: beat/sound the tattoo 敲归营鼓[吹归营号]. 2 [C] elaborate version of this withmusic and marching, performed as a public entertainment归营游行（配有军乐的表演）: a torchlight tattoo 火炬游行. 3 [C] drumming or tapping 敲鼓; 轻击: beating a tattoo on the table with his fingers 以手指在桌子上轻击鼓点. tattoo / tE5tu:; ?@ tA5tu:; tA`tu/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] (a) mark (sb's skin) with a permanent picture or pattern by pricking it and inserting a dye 给（某人的皮肤）刺染图案. (b) put (a picture or pattern) on the skin in this way 刺染（图案）於皮肤上: had a ship tattooed on his arm 在他的臂上刺一只船. tattoo n (pl ~s) tattooed picture or pattern 刺在皮肤上的图案; 文身: His chest was covered in tattoos. 他的胸部刺满了花纹. * [attrib 作定语] a tattoo artist 文身的艺术家. tatty / 5tAtI; `tAtI/ adj (－ier, －iest) (infml 口) 1 shabby and untidy; ragged 不整洁的; 邋遢的; 破烂的: tatty old clothes 破烂的旧衣服. 2 cheap and tawdry 廉价而艳丽的; 俗丽的. tattily / －IlI; －IlI/ adv. tattiness n [U]. taught pt, pp of teach. taunt / tR:nt; tRnt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (with sth) try to provoke sb with scornful or critical remarks; jeer at sb 试图以嘲笑或批评惹恼某人; 嘲弄某人: They taunted him with cowardice/with being a coward. 他们讥笑他胆怯[是胆小鬼]. taunt n (often pl 常作复数) taunting remark 嘲弄的言语; 嘲笑; 讥讽: ignoring the taunts of the opposition 不理睬对方的嘲笑. tauntingly adv. Taurus / 5tR:rEs; `tRrEs/ n 1 [U] the second sign of the zodiac, the Bull 金牛宫（黄道第二宫）. =>illus at zodiac 见 zodiac 插图. 2 [C] person born under the influence of this sign 属金牛宫星座的人. Taurean n, adj =>Usage at zodiac 用法见 zodiac. taut / tR:t; tRt/ adj 1 (of rope, wire, cloth, etc) tightly stretched; not slack （指绳索、 金属线、 布等）拉紧的, 不松弛的. 2 (of muscles or nerves) tense （指肌肉或神经）紧张的. tautly adv. tautness n [U]. tauten / 5tR:tn; `tRtn/ v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) become taut （使某物）变紧, 紧张. tautology / tR:5tClEdVI; tR`tBlEdVI/ n (a) [U] saying the same thing more than once in different ways without making one's meaning clearer or more forceful; needless repetition 无谓的重复; 赘述. (b) [C] instance of this 重复的话; 赘言. Cf 参看 pleonasm. tautological / 9tR:tE5lCdVIkl; 9tRtl`BdVIkl/, tautologous / tR:5tClEgEs; tR`tBlE^Es/ adjs. tavern / 5tAvEn; `tAvLn/ n (arch or rhet 古或修辞) inn or public house 客栈; 酒店; 酒馆. TAVR abbr 缩写 = T and AVR. tawdry / 5tR:drI; `tRdrI/ adj (－ier, －iest) showy or gaudy but without real value 俗丽的; 华而不实的: tawdry jewellery, furnishings 俗丽的珠宝、 家具. tawdrily /－ElI; －ElI/ adv. tawdriness n [U]. tawny / 5tR:nI; `tRnI/ adj brownish－yellow 黄褐色: the lion's tawny mane 狮子的黄褐色鬃毛. tax / tAks; tAks/ n 1 [C, U] (sum of) money to be paid by people or businesses to a government for publicpurposes 税; 税额: income/property/sales tax 所得[物业/营业]税 * value－added tax 增值税 * levy a tax on sth 对某物徵税 * direct/indirect taxes 直接[间接]税 * paid over 1000 in taxes last year 去年交纳1000多英镑的税 * [attrib 作定语] tax evasion 逃税. Cf 参看 duty 3, tariff 2. 2 (idm 习语) a tax on sth a burden or strain on sth 某物的负担或重负: a tax on one's health, patience, strength, etc 对健康、 耐力、 体力等的影响. tax v [Tn] 1 impose a tax on (sb/sth); require (sb) to pay tax 对（某人[某事物]）徵税; 要求（某人）纳税: tax luxuries 徵奢侈品税 * tax rich and poor alike 对贫富一律徵税 * My income is taxed at source, ie Tax is deducted from it before it is paid to me. 我的收入已先行扣除了所得税. 2 make heavy demands on (sth); strain 造成（某事物）的重负; 使超过极限: His constant requests for help taxed our goodwill. 他不断要求我们帮助他, 过分利用了我们对他的好意. * All these questions are beginning to tax my patience. 所有这些问题逐渐使我不胜其烦. 3 pay tax on (sth) 给（某物）纳税; 上税: The car is taxed until July. 这辆汽车七月前已上税. 4 (idm 习语) tax one's/sb's brain(s) set sb/oneself a difficult mental task 给某人[自己]安排伤脑筋的工作: This crossword will really tax your brain. 这纵横字谜真能让人大伤脑筋. 5 (phr v) tax sb with sth (fml 文) accuse sb of sth 指控某人某事: She was taxed with negligence/with having been negligent. 她被指控疏忽职守. taxable adj that can be or is liable to be taxed 应纳税的; 可能需纳税的: taxable earnings 应纳税的收入. taxing adj tiring or demanding 累人的; 烦人的; 繁重的: a taxing job 烦人的工作. taxation / tAk5seIFn; tAks`eFEn/ n [U] (system of) raising money by taxes; taxes to be paid 徵税; 课税; 税制; 税款; 税金: direct/indirect taxation, ie on incomes/expenditure 直接[间接]税 * reduce/increase taxation 减[增]税. tax－deductible adj (of expenses) that may be deducted from income before the amount of tax to be paid is calculated （指费用）计算所得税时可扣除的. tax－free adj on which tax need not be paid 免税的: a ,tax－free `bonus 免税红利. tax haven country where income tax, etc is low 所得税等项税额低的国家. taxman / －mAn; －mAn/ n (pl －men / －men; －mZn/) 1 [C] person whose job is to collect taxes 税务员; 收税员.2 the taxman [sing] (infml 口) government departmentthat is responsible for collecting taxes 税务部门; 税务机关: He had been cheating the taxman for years. 他多年来一直欺骗税务部门. taxpayer n person who pays taxes (esp income tax) 纳税人. tax return statement of personal income, etc, used for calculating the amount of tax to be paid 纳税申报表. taxi / 5tAksI; `tAksI/ (also `taxi－cab, esp US cab) n car that may be hired for journeys, esp one with a meter that records the fare to be paid 计程车; 出租汽车: call/hail/hire/take a taxi 叫[招呼/雇/坐]计程车. taxi v [I, Ipr, Ip] (of an aircraft) move along on the ground or on water under its own power, esp before or after flying （指飞机）在地面或水面滑行（尤指起飞前或降落後）: The plane taxied/was taxiing along the runway. 飞机在跑道上滑行. taxi rank (also `taxi stand, US `cab stand) place where taxis park while waiting to be hired 计程车站. taxidermy / 5tAksId\:mI; `tAksE9d[mI/ n [U] art of preparing and stuffing the skins of dead animals, birds and fish so that they look like living ones （动物标本）剥制术. taxidermist / －Ist; －Ist/ n person who practises taxidermy 剥制动物标本的人; 标本剥制家. taxonomy / tAk5sCnEmI; tAks`BnEmI/ n (a) [U] scientific process of classifying living things 生物分类学. (b) [C] instance of this 生物分类. taxonomical / 9tksE5nCmIkl; 9tAksE`nBmIkEl/ adj. taxonomically / －klI; －klI/ adv. taxonomist / tk5sCnEmIst; tAks`BnEmIst/ n. TB / 9ti: 5bi:; 9ti `bi/ abbr 缩写 = tuberculosis: be vaccinated against TB 接受抗结核病预防接种. tbsp (pl tbsps) abbr 缩写 = tablespoonful: Add 3 tbsps salt. 加 3 餐匙盐. tea / ti:; ti/ n 1 [U] (dried leaves of an) evergreen shrub grown in China, India, etc 茶叶; 茶树: a pound of tea 一磅茶叶. 2 (a) [U] drink make by pouring boiling water on these leaves 茶: a cup/mug/pot of tea 一杯[茶缸子/壶]茶 * China, lemon, iced tea 中国茶、 柠檬茶、 加冰的茶 * Shall I make (the) tea? 我沏点儿茶好吗? (b) [C] cup of this 一杯茶: Two teas, please. 劳驾, 要两杯茶. 3 [U] drink made by pouring boiling water on the leaves of other plants 代茶（用其他植物的叶子沏的饮料）: camomile, mint, herb tea 菊花、 薄荷、 药草茶. 4 [C, U] (light meal served at an) occasion when tea is drunk, esp in the late afternoon 茶（点）; （尤指）下午茶点: The waitress has served twenty teas since 4 o'clock. 这女服务 员从4点钟开始已供应了20份茶点. * We usually have tea at half－past four. 我们一般在四点半喝下午茶. * When is tea? 什麽时候有茶点? =>Usage at dinner 用法见dinner. 5 (idm 习语) sb's cup of tea => cup1. not for all the tea in `China no matter how great the reward 无论报酬多高; 无论得到多大好处: I wouldn't marry him for all the tea in China. 有天大好处我也不嫁给他. tea－bag n small paper bag holding enough tea for one person （供一人饮用的）袋茶, 茶袋. tea－break n (Brit) (in an office, a factory, etc) short period of time when work is stopped and tea, etc may be taken （办公室、 工厂等处的）喝茶时间, 工间休息时间. tea－caddy (also caddy) n box in which tea is kept for daily use 茶叶盒; 茶叶罐. teacake n (Brit) small flat cake, usu eaten hot with butter at tea 茶点饼（扁平的小饼, 通常在饮茶时加黄油热食）: toasted teacakes 再烤的茶点饼. tea－chest n light wooden box lined with metal, in which tea is exported 茶箱（装茶叶出口的大木箱）. tea－cloth n 1 cloth for a tea－table or tea－tray 茶几布; 茶盘布. 2 (Brit) = tea－towel. tea－cosy n cover placed over a teapot to keep the tea inside it warm 茶壶保温套; 茶壶暖罩. teacup n 1 cup in which tea is served 茶杯. 2 (idm 习语) a storm in a teacup => storm. tea－leaf n (pl －leaves) leaf of tea, esp after tea has been made （泡过的）陈茶叶, 茶叶渣: throw away the old tea－leaves 倒掉陈茶叶 * tell sb's fortune from the tea－leaves in his cup 藉察看某人杯中的陈茶叶为其占卜. tea－party n social occasion at which tea is served, esp in the late afternoon 茶会（尤指午後的）. teapot n 1 container with a spout, in which tea is made and from which it is poured into cups, etc 茶壶. =>illus at pot 见 pot 插图. 2 (idm 习语) a tempest in a teapot => tempest. tea－room (also `tea－shop) n (usu small) restaurant in which tea and light meals are served 茶馆; 茶室. tea－service (also `tea－set) n set of cups, plates, etc for serving tea 一套茶具. teaspoon n 1 small spoon for stirring tea, etc 茶匙. =>illus at spoon 见 spoon 插图. 2 amount that this can hold 茶匙的量. teaspoonful / －fUl; －fJl/ n amount that a teaspoon can hold 一茶匙的量: two teaspoonfuls of sugar 两茶匙的糖. tea－strainer n device for holding back tea－leaves when pouring tea into a cup, etc 滤茶器. tea－table n (usu small) table at which tea is served 茶几; 茶桌: [attrib 作定语] tea－table conversation 茶话. tea－things n [pl] (infml 口) = tea－service. tea－time n [U] time at or during which tea is taken in the afternoon 用（下午）茶点的时间. tea－towel n (also tea－cloth, US `dish towel) towel for drying washed crockery, cutlery, etc 擦餐具等的抹布. tea－tray n small tray suitable for carrying a tea－set, etc 茶盘. tea－trolley (also `tea－wagon) n small table on wheels, used for serving tea 茶具车. =>illus at trolley 见 trolley 插图. tea－urn n container in which water is boiled for making a large quantity of tea, eg in a cafe （泡大量茶用的）大茶罐. =>illus at urn 见 urn 插图. teach / ti:tF; titF/ v (pt, pp taught / tR:t; tRt/) 1 (a) [I, Tn, Dn.w, Dn.t] give instruction to (sb); cause (sb) to know or be able to do sth 教（某人）; 使（某人）明白或会做某事: She teaches well. 她教得好. * teach children 教小孩儿 * He taught me (how) to drive. 他教我开汽车. (b) [Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb/sth) communicate (knowledge, skill, etc) 传授（知识、 技能等）; 教授: teach French, history, judo, etc 教法语、 历史、 柔道等 * She teaches advanced students English/teaches English to advanced students. 她教高水平的学生英语. * He's taught his dog some clever tricks. 他已经训练他的狗耍些灵巧的把戏. 2 [I, Tn] do this for a living 以教书为生: She teaches at our local school. 她在我们这地区的学校教书. * He taught mathematics for many years. 他教数学已很多年了. =>Usage 见所附用法. 3 [Tn, Tf, Dn.n, Dn.f, Dn.t] put (sth) forward as a fact or as a principle; advocate 提出（某事）作为事实或原则; 倡导; 提倡: Christ taught forgiveness, ie that we should forgive our enemies, etc. 基督倡导宽恕（应宽恕敌人等）. * He taught that the earth revolves around the sun. 他指出地球是围绕太阳转的. * My parents taught me never to tell lies. 我父母告诫我千万不要说谎. 4 [no passive 不用於被动语态: Tn, Dn.n, Dn.t] (infml 口) persuade (sb) to do or not to do sth by punishment or as a result of experience 教育、 教导（某人）做某事; 告诚、 训诫（某人）不做某事: So you lost all your money? That'll teach you (to gamble). 这麽说, 你把钱都输光了? 这就是（赌博）给你的教训. * It taught him a lesson he never forgot. 这给了他一个终生难忘的教训. * I'll teach you to call me a liar! ie punish you for doing so. 你说我说谎, 我就要教训你! 5 (idm 习语) know/learn/teach sb the ropes => rope. teach one's grandmother to suck `eggs tell or show sb how to do sth that he can already do perfectly well, and probably better than oneself 教比自己强的人做某事. (you can't) teach an old dog new `tricks (saying 谚) (one can't) successfully get old people who are set in their ways to change their ideas, methods of work, etc （无法）改变老人的想法、 做法等.teach `school (US) be a schoolteacher 当老师; 任教师. teachable adj 1 (of a subject) that can be taught （指学科）可教的. 2 (of a person) able to learn by being taught （指人）能学习的, 可教育的. teacher n person who teaches, esp in a school 教师（尤指中小学的）: my English teacher 我的英语老师. teaching n 1 [U] work of a teacher; instruction 教师的工作; 教学工作; 教授; 教导; 指导: Teaching is a demanding profession. 教学工作是个要求很高的工作. 2 [U, C often pl 作不可数名词或可数名词, 後者常作复数] that which is taught; doctrine 所教的东西; 教义; 主义: the teaching(s) of the Church 教会的教义. teach－in n (dated infml 旧, 口) lecture and discussion, or a series of these, on a subject of topical interest 研讨会. teach NOTE ON USAGE 用法: 1 Educate refers to theoverall development of (especially children's) knowledgeand intellect, usually through the formal education system of schools and universities *educate指对（尤指儿童的）知识和智力进行全面的培养, 通常是由学校进行系统的正规教育: He was educated at the local comprehensive school. 他曾在地区的综合中学受教育. * The country needs an educated population. 该国需要受过教育的国民. 2 Teach has the widest use in formal and informal situations and at all levels. *teach一词使用范围最广, 可用於庄重的和一般的场合, 可用於各种教育程度. It can refer to an academic subject or a practical skill 这一词既可指某一学科也可指某种技能:She teaches history at a secondary school/to undergraduates.她在中学教历史[教大学生历史课]. * My father taught me how to swim. 我父亲教过我游泳. 3 Coach is used of non－formal teaching, either of an academic subject (especially for an examination) or of a sport *coach一词表示非正规的教导, 既可指对某一学科（尤指为考试）进行辅导, 也可指对体育运动的指导: I'm coaching their children in A level maths in the evenings. 我晚上辅导他们的孩子准备数学的高级考试. * She coaches the tennis team at the weekend. 她在周末指导网球队. 4 Train means producing a desired result in behaviour, standard of skill or physical ability. *train的意思是使在行为、 技能或体能上达到要求. It is sometimes contrasted with educate. 这一词与educate相比有时有差别. It can be used of people or animals 它可用以指人或动物: It's hard to train children to behave well at the table. 培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的. * He's training the horse for the Grand National. 他为参加英国大赛马而训练那匹马. * The swimming team's in training for the Olympics. 该游泳队正在为参加奥林匹克运动会而进行训练. 5 Instruct means giving practicalinformation or knowledge, especially to groups of trainees(eg soldiers or nurses) *instruct指传授实践知识, 特别是针对集体受训者（如士兵或护士）: She instructed the trainee nurses in giving injections. 她指导实习护士练习注射. teak / ti:k; tik/ n (a) [U] strong hard wood of a tall evergreen Asian tree, used for making furniture, in shipbuilding, etc 柚木（用以制造家具、 船等）. (b) [C] this tree 柚木（树）. teal / ti:l; til/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) small wild duck living near rivers or lakes 水鸭（栖於河湖附近的小野鸭）. team / ti:m; tim/ n [CGp] 1 group of players forming one side in certain games and sports （某些游戏及运动的）队: Which team do you play for? 你在哪个队效力? * Leeds was/were the better team. 利兹队是个好队. 2 group of people working together 在一起工作的人; 队; 组: a sales team 推销小组 * [attrib 作定语] He's a good team worker, ie He works well with others. 他是个好搭档. 3 two or more animals pulling a cart, plough, etc together （一起拉车、 　等的）牲畜. team v [Ipr, Ip] ~ up (with sb) work together (with sb), esp for a common purpose （与某人）一起工作（尤指为一共同目标）; 合作: The two companies have teamed up to develop a new racing car. 那两个公司已合作研制新型赛车. teamster / 5ti:mstE(r); `timstL/ n (US) lorry driver 卡车司机. team spirit (approv 褒) willingness to act for thegood of one's team rather than one's individual advantage,etc 集体精神. team－work n [U] organized co－operation; combinedeffort 有组织的合作; 协力工作: The success of the projectwas largely the result of good team－work. 这一项目能获得成功主要是大家通力合作的结果. tear / tIE(r); tIr/ n 1 [C usu pl 通常作复数] drop of salty water coming from the eye, esp as the result of grief, irritation by fumes, etc 泪; 泪水; 泪珠: A tear rolled down his cheek. 一滴泪珠沿著他的面颊流下来. * a tear－stained face 带著泪痕的脸 * Her eyes filled with tears. 她眼泪汪汪的. * a story that moved/reduced us to tears, ie made us cry 使我们感动得落泪的故事 * shed/weep bitter tears 流出痛苦的泪水 * He burst into tears, ie began to cry. 他哭了起来. * The memory of his dead mother brought tears to his eyes. 他忆起去世的母亲便热泪盈眶. 2 (idm 习语) bore sb to death/tears => bore. crocodile tears => crocodile. in `tears crying 哭泣: She was in tears over the death of her puppy. 她因小狗死去而哭泣. tearful / －fl; fl/ adj crying or ready to cry 哭泣的; 要哭的: her tearful face 她那挂著泪珠的脸 * a crowd of tearful mourners 一群哭泣著的送葬者. tearfully / －fElI; －flI/ adv. tear－drop n single tear 泪珠. tear－gas n [U] gas that causes severe irritation and watering of the eyes, used to disperse crowds, etc 催泪瓦斯. tear－jerker n (infml sometimes derog 口, 有时作贬义) story, film, etc designed to make people cry in sympathy, etc 催人泪下的故事、 电影等. tear / teE(r); tZr/ v (pt tore / tR:(r); tRr/, pp torn / tR:n; tRrn/) 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p, Cn.a] pull (sth) forcibly apart or away or to pieces 将（某物）撕开、 扯下或撕碎: tear a sheet of paper in two 把一张纸撕成两半 * a torn handkerchief 撕破的手帕 * He tore his shirt on a nail. 他的衬衣让钉子挂破了. * tear a parcel open 把包裹撕开. (b) [Tn.pr] ~ sth (in sth) make (a hole or split) in sth in this way （在某物上）撕, 扯, 划, 刺（洞或裂口）: The explosion tore a hole in the wall. 墙炸开一个洞. 2 (a)[Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] cause (sth) to be out of place by pullingsharply 撕下, 撕掉, 扯下, 扯掉（某物）: tear a page out of a book, a notice down from a wall, the leaves off a tree 撕下一页书、 从墙上撕下布告、 从树上揪下树叶. (b) [Tn.pr] ~ sb from sb/sth remove sb from sb/sth by force 强行使某人离开某人[某物]; 夺去; 揪走: The child was torn from its mother's arms. 把孩子从母亲怀抱中夺走了. =>Usage at cut1 用法见cut1. 3 [I] become torn 撕碎; 撕裂; 撕破: This cloth tears easily. 这布料容易撕破. * Don't pull the pages so hard or they will tear. 别那麽使劲扯书页, 那会撕破的. 4 [Tn, Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] destroy the peace of (sth) 破坏（某物）的安宁; 扰乱: a country torn by war 战乱不安的国家 * Her heart was torn by grief. 她肝肠寸断. 5 [Ipr, Ip]move (in the specified direction) very quickly or excitedly飞跑; 飞奔; 冲（向某方向）: cars tearing past 飞驶而过的汽车 * She tore downstairs and out of the house shouting `Fire!' 她奔下楼梯, 冲出房门高喊｀著火了! 6 (idm 习语) tear sth a`part, to `shreds, to `bits, etc destroy or defeat sth completely; criticize sth harshly 彻底毁灭或击败某事物; 严厉地批评某事物: tore his hopes to shreds 使他的希望彻底破灭 * The critics tore her new play to pieces. 剧评家们将她的新戏批评得一无是处. tear one's `hair (out) (infml 口) show great sorrow, anger, etc 表示极大的悲伤、 愤怒等: My boss is tearing his hair out about the delay in the schedule. 我们老板因进度拖延而气得七窍生烟. (be in) a tearing `hurry, `rush, etc (show) extreme or violent haste （显得）匆忙, 慌忙: There's no need to be in such a tearing hurry we've got plenty of time. 用不著这样匆忙－－我们有的是时间. tear sb ,limb from `limb (often joc 常作戏谑语) attack sb very violently 猛击某人. tear sb `off a strip; tear a `strip off sb (infml 口) scold sb severely 痛骂某人. ,that's `torn it (infml 口) that has spoilt our plans 那打乱了我们的计画; 那就糟了. wear and tear => wear1. 7 (phr v) tear at sth (with sth) attack sth violently, esp by cutting or ripping 撕扯或撕开某物: tore at the meat with his bare hands 用他的手撕肉. tear oneself away (from sb/sth) leave sb/sth reluctantly 舍不得离开某人[某事物]: Do tear yourself away from the television and come out for a walk. 你别舍不得离开电视了, 出去散散步吧. be torn between A and B have to make a painful choice between two things or people （在两个事物或人之间）作痛苦的抉择: torn between love and duty 在爱情和职责间作痛苦的抉择. tear sth down bring sth to the ground by pullingsharply; demolish sth 弄倒某物; 拆除某物: They're tearingdown these old houses to build a new office block. 他们正拆除这些旧房子以便建一座新办公楼. tear into sb/sth attack sb/sth physically or with words 攻击或抨击某人[某事物]. tear sth up destroy (a document, etc) by tearing 撕毁（文件等）: She tore up all the letters he had sent her. 她把他写来的信都撕了. * (fig 比喻) He accused the government of tearing up (ie repudiating) the negotiated agreement. 他控告政府撕毁（不履行）协议. tear n hole or split caused by tearing （撕破的）洞或裂缝: This fabric has a tear in it. 这织物上有个破洞. tearaway / 5teErEweI; `tZrE9we/ n (infml 口) impetuousand irresponsible person 鲁莽而不可靠的人: Her son's a bit of a tearaway. 她儿子有些莽撞. tease / ti:z; tiz/ v 1 [I, Tn, Tn.pr] make fun of (sb) in aplayful or unkind way; try to provoke (sb) with questionsor petty annoyances 取笑, 嘲弄（某人）; 逗弄, 招惹（某人）: Don't take what she said seriously she was only teasing. 别拿她的话当真－－她不过是逗弄人. * The other boys used to tease him because of/about his accent. 别的男孩子常拿他的口音取笑他. * Stop teasing the cat, eg by pulling its tail. 别逗猫（如揪猫尾巴）. 2 [Tn] (a) pick (wool) into separate strands 梳理（羊毛等）. (b) brush up the surface of (cloth) to make it fluffy 使（布）的表面起毛. 3 [Tn] (esp US) = backcomb (back3). tease n person who is fond of teasing others 爱嘲弄他人的人: What a tease she is! 她可真爱取笑别人! teaser n (infml 口) problem that is difficult to solve 难以解决的问题: This one's a real teaser. 这可真是个难题. teasingly adv in a teasing manner; in order to tease 嘲笑地; 嘲弄地. teasel (also teazel, teazle) / 5ti:zl; `tizl/ n plant with prickly flowers formerly used (when dried) for teasing cloth, etc 川续断（旧时用以使布等表面起毛的植物）. teat / ti:t; tit/ n 1 animal's nipple （动物的）乳头, 奶头.=>illus at cow 见 cow 插图. 2 (also nipple) rubber mouthpiece on a child's feeding－bottle, through which the contents are sucked 橡胶奶嘴. tech / tek; tZk/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) (infml 口) technical college or school 技术学院或学校: doing an engineering course at the local tech 在地区技术学校学工程学. technical / 5teknIkl; `tZknIkl/ adj 1 [usu attrib 通常作定语] of or involving the mechanical arts and applied sciences 技术的; 应用科学的: a technical school 技术学校 * a technical education 技术教育. 2 [usu attrib 通常作定语] of a particular subject, art or craft, or itstechniques 专科的; 艺术的; 工艺的; 技艺的; 技巧的: thetechnical terms of chemistry 化学专业术语 * the technical difficulties of colour printing 彩色印刷的技术难题 * a musician with great technical skill but not much feeling 技巧　熟但缺少情感的音乐家. 3 (of a book, etc) requiring specialized knowledge; using technical terms （指书等）要求有专门知识的, 使用术语的, 专业的: The article is rather technical in places. 这篇论文中有些地方相当专业化. 4 [attrib 作定语] in a strict legal sense 严格按法律意义的: technical assault 法律上成立的人身攻击. technicality / 9teknI5klEtI; 9tZknI`kAlEtI/ n 1 technical term or point 术语; 专业上的细节: The book is full of scientific technicalities. 这本书里尽是科学术语. * The lawyer explained the legal technicalities to his client. 律师给委托人解释法律上的要点. 2 detail of no real importance 不重要的细节: a mere technicality 无足轻重的细节. technically / －klI; －klI/ adv 1 with reference to thetechnique displayed 技术上; 技巧上; 专门地: Technicallythe building is a masterpiece, but few people like it. 就技术而言那座建筑物是杰作, 但却没人喜欢. 2 according to a precise interpretation of the laws, meaning of words, etc; strictly 准确地按照法律、 词义等的解释; 严格地: Although technically (speaking) you may not have lied, you certainly haven't told us the whole truth. 尽管严格来说你没算撒谎, 但肯定你并没把实情都告诉我们. technical college (Brit) college offering students further education in technical and other subjects after they have left school 技术学院. technical hitch breakdown caused by a mechanical fault 技术故障. technician / tek5nIFn; tZk`nIFEn/ n 1 expert in the techniques of a particular subject, art or craft 技术员; 技师; 工艺师. 2 skilled mechanic 巧匠. Technicolor / 5teknIkQlE(r); `tZknI9kQlL/ n [U] 1 (propr专利名) process of colour photography used for cinema films （电影片的）彩色印片法. 2 (also technicolour) (infml 口) vivid or artificially brilliant colour 鲜明的色彩; 人工的鲜艳色彩: [attrib 作定语] The fashion show was a technicolour extravaganza. 那时装表演是艳丽色彩的大汇展. technique / tek5ni:k; tZk`nik/ n (a) [C] method of doing or performing sth, esp in the arts or sciences 技术; 方法; 手段; （尤指艺术或科学方面的）技法, 手法, 技巧: applying modern techniques to a traditional craft 将现代技术用於传统手工业. (b) [U] skill in this 技能: displayed (a) flawless technique 显示出精湛的技艺. techno－ comb form 构词成分 of the applied sciences 技术的; 工艺的; 技巧的: technology * technocrat. technocracy / tek5nCkrEsI; tZk`nBkrEsI/ n (a) [U]control or management of a country's industrial resourcesby technical experts 专家政治（由技术专家对国家工业资源的治理）. (b) [C] country where this occurs 实行专家政治的国家: Is Britain becoming a technocracy? 英国是否要成为实行专家政治的国家? technocrat / 5teknEkrAt; `tZknE9krAt/ n expert inscience, engineering, etc, esp one who favours technocracy 技术专家; （尤指）专家政治论者. technocratic / 9teknE5krtIk; 9tZknE`krAtIk/ adj. technology / tek5nClEdVI; tZk`nBlEdVI/ n [U] 1 scientificstudy and use of mechanical arts and applied sciences, eg engineering 科技; 工艺及应用科学（如工程技术）; 工艺学; 工程学. 2 application of this to practical tasksin industry, etc （工业等方面的）技术应用: recent advancesin medical technology 医疗技术的新进展 * the technologyof computers 计算机的工业技术. technological / 9teknE5lCdVIkl; 9tZknE`lBdVIkl/ adj: a major technological breakthrough 主要的技术性突破 * technological changes, problems 技术上的改变、 问题. technologically / －klI; －klI/ adv: technologically advanced 技术上先进的. technologist / tek5nClEdVIst; tZk`nBlEdVIst/ n expert in technology 技术、 工艺、 工程等的专家. teddy bear / 5tedI beE(r); `tZdI 9bZr/ soft furry toy bear （软毛）玩具熊. Teddy boy / 5tedI bRI; `tZdI 9bRI/ (also ted / ted; tZd/) n (Brit infml 口) (in the 1950's) young man who expressed rebellion by wearing clothes similar to those of the Edwardian period (1901－10), and sometimes behaved violently （五十年代的）不良少年（穿著类似爱德华时代－－1901－1910－－的服装, 行为有时粗野以示叛逆）. tedious / 5ti:dIEs; `tidIEs/ adj tiresome because of being too long, slow or dull; boring （因过长、 过慢或单调）令人厌倦的; 烦人的: The work is tedious. 这工作令人厌倦. * We had to sit through several tedious speeches. 我们只得坐在那里听著几个乏味的讲演. tediously adv: tediously long 冗长得令人厌烦. tediousness n [U]. tedium / 5ti:dIEm; `tidIEm/ n [U] tediousness; boredom 厌倦; 厌烦; 乏味: two hours of unrelieved tedium 烦闷难解的两小时. tee / ti:; ti/ n 1 (a) (in golf) flat area from which a player strikes the ball when beginning to play each hole （高尔夫球运动的）开球处. (b) small spiked stand of wood, plastic, etc on which a player places his golf ball before striking it at the start of each hole 球座（高尔夫球运动中发球时放置球的小台）. 2 mark aimed at in certain games, eg quoits, bowls, curling （掷环、 滚木球、 冰上溜石游戏的）目标. 3 (idm 习语) to a T/tee => T. tee v (pt, pp teed) 1 [Tn] place (a golf ball) on a tee 将（高尔夫球）置於球座上. 2 (phr v) tee off play the ball from the tee 自球座击球. tee sb off (US sl 俚) make sb angry or annoyed 使某人生气或烦恼. tee (sth) up prepare to play (a golf ball) by placing it on a tee （将高尔夫球置於球座上）准备击球. tee－shirt = T－shirt (T). teem / ti:m; tim/ v 1 [Ipr] ~ with sth have sth in great numbers 有很多、 大量的某事物: The river was teeming with fish. 河里的鱼很多. * (fig 比喻) His mind is teeming with bright ideas. 他心里有很多好主意. 2 [I] be present in great numbers 大量出现; 有很多: Fish teem in these waters. 这些湖里有很多鱼. teem / ti:m; tim/ v [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (with sth)/(down) (esp in the continuous tenses 尤用於进行时态) (of water, rain, etc) fall heavily; pour （指水、 雨等）暴降, 倾注: a teeming wet day 大雨倾盆的日子 * It was teeming with rain. 天降暴雨. * The rain was teeming down. 大雨滂沱. teens / ti:nz; tinz/ n [pl] years of a person's age from 13 to 19 13 至 19 岁的年龄; 十几岁: be in one's teens 十几岁 * She is not yet out of her teens, ie is under 20. 她还不到 20 岁. teenage / 5ti:neIdV; `ti9nedV/ adj [attrib 作定语] of orfor teenagers 青少年的: teenage fashions, problems, children青少年的风尚、 青少年的问题、 少年儿童. teenaged adj in one's teens 十几岁的. teenager / 5ti:neIdVE(r);`tin9edVL/ (also infml esp US teen / ti:n; tin/ 口语作 teen, 尤用於美式英语) n person in his or her teens 少年男女; 青少年: a club for teenagers 青少年俱乐部. teeny / 5ti:nI; `tinI/ (also teeny－weeny / 9ti:nI 5wi:nI; 9tinI `winI/, teensy / ti:nzI; `tinzI/, teensy－weensy / 9ti:nzI 5wi:nzI; 9tinzI `winzI/) adj (－ier, －iest) (infml 口) tiny 极小的. teeny－bopper / 5ti:nI bCpE(r); `tinI9bBpL/ n (infml usu derog 口, 通常作贬义) young teenager, esp a girl, who eagerly follows current fashions in clothes, pop music, etc 时髦青少年（尤指追求时髦衣服、 流行音乐等的少女）. teeter / 5ti:tE(r); `titL/ v [I, Ipr, Ip] stand or move unsteadily 摇晃地站立或移动: The drunken man teeteredon the edge of the pavement. 那醉汉在人行道边上东倒西歪的. * She was teetering along/about/around in very high－heeled shoes. 她穿著高跟鞋摇摇晃晃地走著[四处走]. * (fig 比喻) teetering on the brink/edge of disaster 在灾难边缘摇摇欲坠. teeth pl of tooth. tooth / tu:W; tuW/ n (pl teeth / ti:W; tiW/) 1 [C] each of the hard white bony structures rooted in the gums, used for biting and chewing 牙; 齿: The baby's first front teeth are just coming through. 那孩子的门牙刚长出来. * have a tooth out, ie extracted by a dentist 拔一颗牙 * She still has all her own teeth, ie no false ones. 她满口牙还很好. 2 [C] tooth－like part, eg on a comb, saw or gear 齿状部分（如梳子、 锯或齿轮的）. 3 teeth [pl] (infml 口) effective force 有效的力量: The law must be given more teeth if crime is to be properly controlled. 要想有效控制住犯罪活动, 就得加强法制的威力. 4 (idm 习语) armed to the teeth => arm3. bare its teeth => bare2. by the skin of one's teeth => skin. cast, fling, throw, etc sth in sb's `teeth reproach sb with sth 以某事责备某人. cut a `tooth have a tooth that is just pushing out through the gum 长出牙齿. cut one's `teeth on sth gain experience from sth 从某事中获得经验. draw sb's/sth's teeth/fangs => draw2. fight, etc tooth and `nail fight, etc very fiercely or persistently 猛烈或顽强地斗争等. get/take the bit between one's/the teeth => bit2. get one's teeth into sth deal with or concentrate on sth 处理某事; 专心於某事: Now you know what the job involves here's something to get your teeth into. 你既然对这项工作已有所了解, 有些事就由你去处理吧. grit one's teeth => grit v. have a sweet tooth => sweet1. in the teeth of sth (a) in spite of sth; in opposition to sth 不顾某事; 反对某事: The new policy was adopted in the teeth of fierce criticism. 那项新政策尽管受到强烈抨击却硬是采用了. (b) directly against (the wind, etc) 顶著, 迎著（风等）. a kick in the teeth => kick2. lie in/through one's teeth/throat => lie1. long in the tooth => long1. set sb's `teeth on edge (esp of a sharp sound or taste) annoy or displease sb （尤指刺耳的声音或强烈的味道）恼人的, 使人难受的. show one's teeth => show2. toothed / tu:Wt; tuWt/ adj [attrib 作定语] 1 havingteeth 有齿的. 2 (in compounds 用以构成复合词) havingteeth of the specified type 有某种齿的: a saw－toothed wheel 锯齿的. toothless adj without teeth 无牙的; 无齿的. toothy (－ier, －iest) adj having many, large or noticeable teeth 多齿的; 有巨齿的; 露齿的: a toothy grin 露齿一笑. toothily adv. toothache n [C, U] pain in a tooth or teeth 牙痛: I've got (a/the) toothache. 我牙疼. toothbrush n brush for cleaning the teeth 牙刷. =>illus at brush 见brush插图. toothpaste n [U] paste for cleaning the teeth 牙膏. tooth－powder n [U, C] powder for cleaning the teeth 牙粉. toothpick n short pointed piece of wood, etc for removing bits of food from between the teeth 牙签. teethe / ti:T; tiT/ v [I] (usu in the continuous tenses, or as a gerund or present participle 通常用於进行时态或用作动名词或现在分词) (of a baby) have its first teeth starting to grow through the gums （指幼儿）长牙, 出牙: Babies like to chew something when they're teething. 幼儿长牙时爱咬东西. teething troubles (fig 比喻) minor problems occurring in the early stages of an enterprise 创业初期遇到的小问题. teetotal / ti:5tEUtl; ?@ 5ti:tEUtl; `ti9totl/ adj (in favour of) never drinking alcoholic drinks （赞成）不饮酒的, 滴酒不沾的. teetotalism n [U]. teetotaller (US also teetotaler) / －tlE(r); －tlL/ n person who is teetotal 不饮酒者; 滴酒不沾者. TEFL / 9ti: i: ef 5el or, in informal use, 俗读作 5tefl;9ti i Zf `Zl, `tZfl/ abbr 缩写 = Teaching English as a ForeignLanguage 作为外语的英语教学. Cf 参看 TESL. tel abbr 缩写 = 1 telegraph(ic). 2 telephone (number): tel 0865－56767 电话 0865－56767. tel(e)－ comb form 构词成分 1 over a long distance; far 远距离的; 远的: telepathy * telescopic. 2 of television 电视的: teleprompter * teletext. telecommunications / 9telIkE9mju:nI5keIFnz; 9tZlEkE9mjunE`keFEnz/ n [pl] communications by satellite, cable, telegraph, telephone, radio or TV 电信. telegram / 5telIgrAm; `tZlE9^rAm/ n message sent by telegraph and then delivered in written or printed form电报: send/receive a telegram (of congratulations, condolence,etc) 发[收]（祝贺、 吊唁等）电报. Cf 参看 cable4. telegraph / 5telIgrB:f; ?@ －grAf; `tZlE9^rAf/ n (a) [U] means of sending messages by the use of electric current along wires 打电报. (b) [C] apparatus for doing this 电报机. telegraph v (a) [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] send (a message) by telegraph 打电报传达（消息）; 电告. (b) [Dn.t] send instructions to (sb) by telegraph 打电报向（某人）发指令、 命令; 电令. telegraphese / 9telIgrE5fi:z; 9tZlE^rA`fiz/ n [U] shortenedstyle of language used in telegrams, leaving out all unnecessary words 电报文体（省略非必要字句者）. telegraphic / 9telI5grAfIk; 9tZlE`^rAfIk/ adj suitable for or sent by telegraphy 适於打电报的; 打电报发送的. telegraphically / －klI; －klI/ adv. telegraphic addresss hortened or registered address for use in telegrams 用於电报的简略地址. telegraphist / tI5legrEfIst; tE`lZ^rEfIst/ (also telegrapher / tI5legrEfE(r); tE`lZ^rEfL/) n person whose job is to send and receive messages by telegraph 电报员; 报务员. telegraphy / tI5legrEfI; tE`lZ^rEfI/ n [U] process ofcommunication by telegraph 电报通讯术: wireless telegraphy 无线电报通讯. telegraph－line (also －wire) n wire along which telegraph or telephone messages travel 电报或电话线路. telegraph－pole (also －post) n pole supporting telegraph－lines （电报线路的）电线杆. telemetry / tI5lemEtrI; tE`lZmEtrI/ n [U] process of automatically recording the readings of an instrument and transmitting them over a distance, usu by radio （无线电）遥测术. teleology / 9telI5ClEdVI, 9ti:lI－; 9tZlI`BlEdVI, 9tilI－/ n [U] theory that events and developments are meant to fulfil a purpose and happen because of that 目的论（认为事情的发生和发展都是为达到某目的）. teleological / 9telIE5lCdVIkl, 9ti:lIE－; 9tZlIE`lBdVIkl,9tilIE－/ adj. teleologist / 9telI5ClEdVIst, 9ti:lI－; 9tZlI`BlEdVIst, 9tilI－/ n person who believes in teleology 目的论者. telepathy / tI5lepEWI; tE`lZpEWI/ n [U] 1 communication of thoughts or ideas from one mind to another withoutthe normal use of the senses 传心术; 心灵感应. 2 (infml口) ability to be aware of the thoughts and feelings of others 解心能力（对旁人的思想及感情的理解能力）. telepath / 5telIpAW; `tZlE9pAW/ n telepathic person 用传心术的人; 有解心能力的人; 能理解他人思想感情的人. telepathic / 9telI5pAWIk; 9tZlE`pAWIk/ adj (a) of or using telepathy 用传心术的; 心灵感应的. (b) (of a person) able to communicate by telepathy （指人）会传心术的, 有心灵感应的: How did you know what I was thinking? You must be telepathic. 我心里想的事情你是怎麽知道的? 你准是有心灵感应. telepathically / －klI; －klI/ adv. telephone / 5telIfEUn; `tZlE9fon/ (also phone) n 1 [U] system of transmitting the human voice to a distance by wire or radio 电话: You can always reach (ie contact) meby telephone. 你打电话随时都能找到我. 2 [C] instrumentused for this, with a receiver and mouthpiece 电话机: answer the telephone, ie pick up the receiver to receivean incoming call 接电话. 3 (idm 习语) on the `telephone(a) connected to the telephone system 接上电话; 接通电话: They've just moved and they're not on the telephoneyet. 他们刚搬的家, 还没接通电话. (b) using the telephone在打电话: She's on the telephone at the moment. 她正在打电话. * You're wanted (ie Somebody wants to speak to you) on the telephone. 你的电话（有人打电话找你）. telephone (also phone) v [I, Tn, Tn.pr] send (a message) or speak to (sb) by telephone 以电话传送（消息）; 给（某人）打电话: Will you write or telephone? 你写信还是打电话? * We must telephone our congratulations (to the happy couple). 我们得（给那对幸福的夫妇）打个电话表示祝贺. * He telephoned (his wife) to say he'd be late. 他（给妻子）打电话说他要晚到. telephonic / 9telI5fCnIk; 9tZlE`fBnIk/ adj. telephonist / tI5lefEnIst; tE`lZfEnIst/ n = telephone operator. telephony / tI5lefEnI; tE`lZfEnI/ n [U] process of transmitting sound by telephone 电话通讯; 电话技术. telephone box (also `phone box, `telephone booth, `phone booth, `call－box) small covered or enclosed structure containing a telephone for use by the public 公用电话亭. telephone directory (also `telephone book, `phonebook) book listing the names, addresses and telephone numbers of people in a particular area who have a telephone 电话号码簿; 电话簿. telephone exchange (also exchange) place where telephone connections are made 电话局; 电话交换台; 总机. telephone number (also `phone number) number assigned to a particular telephone and used in dialling a call to it 电话号码. =>App 4 见附录 4. telephone operator person whose job is to connect calls in a telephone exchange 话务员; 接线员. telephoto / 9telI5fEUtEU; 9tZlE`foto/ adj = telephotographic (telephotography). telephoto lens lens that produces a large image of a distant object that is being photographed 摄远镜头. telephotography / 9telIfE5tCgrEfI; 9tZlEfo`tB^rEfI/ n [U] process of photographing distant objects using a telephoto lens 摄远摄影术. telephotographic / 9telIfEUtE5grAfIk; 9tZlE9fotE`^rAfIk/ adj of or for or using telephotography 摄远摄影术的; 为或用摄远摄影术的. teleprinter / 5telIprIntE(r); `tZlE9prIntL/ (US teletypewriter) n device for automatically typing and sending messages by telegraph, and for receiving and typing messages similarly 电传打印机. teleprompter / 5telIprCmptE(r); `tZlE9prBmptL/ n deviceby which a speaker on television can read the text of his script from a screen in front of him that cannot be seen by his audience 讲词提示器（将电视播音者的讲稿显示其面前的屏幕上之装置）. Cf 参看 Autocue. telescope / 5telIskEUp; `tZlE9skop/ n optical instrument shaped like a tube, with lenses to make distant objects appear larger and nearer 望远镜. telescope v 1 [I, Tn] (cause sth to) becomeshorter by sliding overlapping sections inside one another（使某物）变短（叠缩在一起）. =>illus 见插图. 2 [I, Tn] (cause sth to) become compressed forcibly （使某物）叠缩, 嵌入: The first two carriages of the train (were) telescoped in the crash. 火车撞车时前两节车箱叠嵌在一起了. 3 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (into sth) condense sth so that it occupies less space or time 压缩某物使其少占空间或时间: Three episodes have been telescoped into a single programme. 把三集的内容压缩成了一个节目. telescopic / 9telI5skCpIk; 9tZlE`skBpIk/ adj 1 of a telescope; magnifying like a telescope 望远镜的; 如望远 镜般放大的; 望远的: a telescopic sight, eg on a rifle, to magnify the target 望远瞄准器（如装於步枪上放大目标者）. 2 (that can be) seen through a telescope （能）从望远镜中见到的: a telescopic view of the moon 从望远镜中见到的月亮 * telescopic stars, ie those that are invisible to the naked eye 用望远镜才能看到的星星.3 having sections which slide one within another 伸缩的; 套叠的; 叠缩的: a telescopic aerial, stand, umbrella 伸缩式天线、 伸缩式支架、 折叠伞. telescopically /－klI; －klI/ adv. teletext / 5telItekst; `tZlE9tZkst/ n [U] computerized service providing news and other information on the television screens of subscribers 电视电报（可在用户的电视接收机上显示的信息）. teletypewriter / 9telI5taIpraItE(r); 9tZlE`taIp9raItL/ n (US) = teleprinter television / 5telIvIVn; `tZlE9vIVEn/ (also Brit infml 英式口语作 telly) n (abbr 缩写 TV) 1 [U] process of transmitting and reproducing on a screen events, scenes, plays, etc in pictures and sound, using radio signals 电视. 2 [U] programmes broadcast in this way 电视（播放的）节目: spent the evening watching television 看电视节目度过夜晚 * [attrib 作定语] a television documentary 电视播放的记实节目. 3 [C] (also `television set) apparatus with a screen and loudspeaker for receiving television broadcasts 电视接收机; 电视机: a colour/black－and－white television 彩色[黑白]电视机. 4 [U] organization producing and transmitting television programmes 电视行业; 电视台: She works in television.她在电视台工作. * [attrib 作定语] a television announcer电视节目主持人. 5 (idm 习语) on (the) `television broadcasting or being broadcast by television 电视播放的: The Prime Minister, speaking on television, denied reports that... 首相在电视讲话中否认传说的... * Is there anything good on (the) television tonight? 今晚的电视有好节目吗? televise / 5telIvaIz; `tZlE9vaIz/ v [Tn] broadcast (sth) by television 以电视播放（某事）: The BBC plans to televise all Shakespeare's plays. 英国广播公司计画播放莎士比亚的全部戏剧. * The Olympic Games are always televised. 奥林匹克运动会一向经电视播放. telex / 5teleks; `tZlZks/ n 1 [U] system of communication using teleprinters 用户电报, 电传系统（使用电传打印机的传送系统）. 2 [C] message sent or received by this system 经用户电报发或收的消息; 电传: Several telexes arrived this morning. 今天上午收到几份电传. 3 [C] (infml 口) apparatus for sending and receiving messages by telex 电传收发机; 电传机: We've installed a new telex in the office. 我们在办公室里装了一台新电传机. telex v [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.f] send (a message) or communicate with (sb) by telex 以电传发出（消息）或与（某人）联系. tell / tel; tZl/ v (pt, pp told / tEUld; told/) 1 [Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr, Dn.f, Dn.w] ~ sth (to sb) make sth known, esp in spoken or written words （用言语或文字）告知, 告诉, 讲述某事: tell jokes/stories 讲笑话[故事] * I could tell you a thing or two about him. 我可以给你讲他的一两件事. * He told the news to everybody in the village. 他把那消息告诉了全村的人. * Did she tell you her name? 她告诉你姓名了吗? * They've told us (that) they're not coming. 他们已跟我们说过不来了. * Tell me where you live. 把你的住处告诉我. * I can't tell you (ie I can't find words to express) how happy I am. 我真不知道怎麽表达我的快乐. * So I've been told, ie That is what I've been told. 那就是我听说的事. 2 [Dn.n, Dn.f, Dn.w, Dn.t] give information to (sb) 向（某人）提供情况或信息: a book which will tell you all you need to know about personal taxation 说明个人纳税须知的书 * This gauge tells you the amount of petrol you have left/how much petrol you have left. 这计量表可指示还剩多少汽油.3 [Tn] express (sth) in words; utter 说（某事）; 讲; 述: tell the truth/lies/a lie 说实话[谎/谎话] * (dated 旧) tell (ie reveal) one's love 泄露个人的情人. =>Usage at say 用法见say. 4 [I] reveal a secret 泄露秘密: Promise you won't tell. 你要保证不泄密. * (infml 口) kiss and tell, ie reveal one's love affairs 吐露个人的风流韵事. 5 (a) [I, Tf, Tw] decide or determine; know definitely 决定; 决心; 肯定; 确定: It may rain or it may not. It's hard to tell. 天也许下雨, 也许不下. 说不准. * You can tell (that) he's angry when he starts shouting a lot. 他什麽时候一大喊大叫, 肯定是生气了. * How do you tell when to change gear? 你怎麽确定何时换挡? * The only way to tell if you like something is by trying it. 要确定是否喜欢某事物, 唯一的办法是试一下. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tw] ~ A from B (esp with can/could/be able to 尤与can/could/be able to连用) distinguish A from B 辨认A和B; 辨别; 识别: I can't tell the difference between margarine and butter, ie can't identify them by their tastes. 我尝不出人造黄油和黄油有什麽区别. * Can you tell Tom from his twin brother? 你能分辨出汤姆和他的孪生兄弟吗? * These kittens look exactly alike how can you tell which is which? 这些小猫看上去一模一样－－你怎麽能分出哪个是哪个? 6 [I, Ipr] ~ (on sb) produce a noticeableeffect 产生能觉察出的效果; 起明显作用: Every blow told. 每一击都打中了. * The government's policies are beginning to tell. 政府的政策开始发挥作用了. * All this hard work is telling on him, ie affecting his health, etc. 这些繁重的工作他已吃不消了（影响著他的健康等）. * Herlack of experience told against her, ie was a disadvantage to her. 她缺乏经验, 这对她很不利. 7 [Dn.t, Dn.w] order or direct (sb) 吩咐, 命令（某人）: Tell him to wait. 叫他等一等. * Do what I tell you. 照我的吩咐做. * Children must do as they're told. 孩子必须听话. * You won't be told (ie won't obey orders or listen to advice), will you? 你不听话（不服从命令或不听从劝告）, 是不是? =>Usage at order2 用法见order2. 8 [Tn] (arch 古) count the number of (sth) 数（某物）的数目; 计算: tell one's beads, ie say prayers while counting the beads on a rosary 边数念珠边祈祷. 9 (idm 习语) all told with all people, items, etc counted and included 将所有的人、 项目等都计算在内; 总共: There are 23 guests coming, all told. 总共来了23位客人. dead men tell no tales => dead. hear tell of sb/sth => hear. I/I'll ,tell you `what (infml 口) (used to introduce a suggestion 用以提出建议): I'll tell you what let's ask Fred to lend us his car. 我说－－咱们去找弗雷德借汽车吧. I `told you (so) (infml 口) I warned you that this would happen 我提醒过你要出事; 我早就跟你说过: He loves to say `I told you so!' when things go wrong. 只要一出事他就爱说｀我早就跟你说过吧!＇ ,live, etc to ,tell the `tale survive a difficult or dangerous experience so that one can tell others what really happened 脱离困境或险境後向他人讲述事情的原委. tell/know A and B apart => apart. tell me a`nother! (infml 口) I don't believe you 我不相信. tell/see sth a mile off => mile. tell its own tale explain itself, without need of further explanation or comment 本身即可说明问题: The many crashes on the icy roads told their own tale. 路上结冰发生多起撞车事故, 路面情况已不言而喻. tell `tales (aboutsb) make known another person's secrets, misdeeds, faults, etc 揭人隐密; 揭人之短: Someone's been telling tales about me, haven't they? 有人总在揭我的短处, 是不是? tell `that to the marines! (sl 俚) I don't believe you 我不相信. tell the `time (US tell `time) read the time from a clock, etc 说出钟表等指示的时间: She's only five she can't tell the time yet. 她才五岁－－还不会看表. tell sb ,where to get `off/,where he gets`off (infml 口) warn sb that his behaviour is unacceptableand will no longer be tolerated 警告某人其行为已令人无法忍受. ,tell the `world announce sth publicly 将某事公之於世. there is ,no `telling it is impossible to know 不可能知道: There's no telling what may happen. 不可能知道会发生什麽事. * As to his plans, there's simply no telling. 至於他的计画, 根本就无法得知. to ,tell (you) the `truth (used to introduce a confession or an admission 用以引出自白或承认的话): To tell the truth, I fell asleep in the middle. 老实说, 我在中间睡著了. you can ,never `tell; you ,never can `tell you can never be sure, eg because appearances are often deceptive 谁也不知道（如因外表常靠不住）. you're telling `me! (infml 口) I completely agree with you 这还用你说; 我早就知道. 10 (phr v) tell sb off (for sth/doing sth) (infml 口) scold or reprimand sb 斥责或责骂某人: You'll get told off if you're caught doing that. 要是发现你做那种事, 你就得挨骂. * I told the boys off for making so much noise. 那些男孩子很吵闹, 我把他们骂了一顿. tell sb off for sth/to do sth (fml 文) assign (a task or duty) to sb 给某人指定（任务或差事）: Six men were told off to collect fuel. 派了六个人去收集燃料. tell on sb (infml 口) reveal sb's activities, esp to a person in authority 揭发某人的活动（尤指向负责人报告）: John caught his sister smoking and told on her. 约翰发现他姐姐吸烟就给告了一状. telling adj have a noticeable effect; impressive 有明显效果的; 显著的: a telling argument 有力的论据 * His punches to his opponent's body proved especially telling. 他打在对手身上的重拳显然非常有力. tellingly adv. telling－off n (usu sing 通常作单数) reprimand; scolding 斥责; 责骂: give sb a telling－off for sth 为某事而斥责某人. tell－tale n 1 person who reports another's secrets, misdeeds, etc 泄密者; 告发者: Don't be such a tell－tale! 别去告密! 2 mechanical device that serves as an indicator 指示器. adj [attrib 作定语] revealing or indicating sth 泄露或显示某事的: a tell－tale blush 泄露真情而呈现的面色绯红 * the tell－tale smell of cigarette smoke, ie revealing that sb has been smoking 明显的香烟气味（可见有人吸过香烟）. teller / 5telE(r); `tZlL/ n 1 person who receives and paysout money in a bank （银行的）出纳员. 2 person appointedto count votes, eg in the House of Commons （投票时的）计票员（如下议院中者）. 3 (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) person who tells stories, etc 讲故事等的人; 讲述者: a story－teller 讲故事的人 * a marvellous teller of jokes 笑话讲得很精彩的人. telly / 5telI; `tZlI/ n [U, C] (Brit infml 口) = television. temerity / tI5merEtI; tE`mZrEtI/ n [U] (fml 文) audacity; rashness 鲁莽; 冒失: He had the temerity to call me a liar. 他竟胆敢说我撒谎. temp / temp; tZmp/ n (infml 口) temporary employee, esp a secretary 临时雇员（尤指秘书）. temp v [I] (infml 口) do temporary work 做临时工作: He's been temping for over a year now and wants a permanent job. 他做临时工作已一年多了, 想找个固定的工作. temp abbr 缩写 = temperature: temp 65F 65 华氏度. temper / 5tempE(r); `tZmpL/ n 1 (a) [C] state of the mind as regards anger or calmness 心情; 心境; 脾气; 性情: in a bad/good temper, ie angry/amiable 心情坏[好]. (b) [C, U] tendency to become angry easily 脾气; 容易发怒的性情: learn to control one's temper 学会忍住脾气 * have a (short/quick/nasty) temper 脾气急[暴/坏] * fly into a temper 发怒 * a fit of temper 发脾气. 2 [U] degree of hardness and elasticity of a tempered metal （金属回火後的）硬度和弹性. 3 (idm 习语) in a (bad, foul, rotten, etc) `temper angry 发怒; 发脾气. keep/lose one's `temper succeed/fail in controlling one's anger 忍住[发]脾气. temper / 5tempE(r); `tZmpL/ v 1 [Tn] bring (metal) to the required degree of hardness and elasticity by heating and then cooling 使（金属）回火: tempered steel 回火钢. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) moderate or soften the effects of sth; mitigate sth 调和或减轻某事物的作用; 使某事缓和: temper justice with mercy, ie be merciful when punishing sb justly 法外施恩（惩罚某人时公正而仁慈）. tempera / 5tempErE; `tZmpErE/ n [U] 1 paint consisting of pigment mixed with yolk or white of egg and water 蛋彩画颜料（用颜料与蛋黄或蛋清及水调成）. 2 method of painting on canvas or plaster using this 蛋彩画法. temperament / 5temprEmEnt; `tZmprEmEnt/ n [C, U] person's nature as it affects the way he thinks, feels and behaves 气质; 性情; 禀性: I've got a very nervous temperament. 我很神经质. * a man with an artistic temperament 有艺术家气质的男子 * The two brothers have entirely different temperaments. 他们兄弟俩的性情完全不同. * To be a champion, skill is not enough you have to have the right temperament. 要当冠军, 光有技巧还不够－－还必须有相应的禀赋. * Opera singers often display a lot of temperament, ie are moody or excitable. 歌剧演员的性情常常不稳定（情绪多变或爱激动）. temperamental / 9temprE5mentl; 9tZmprE`mZntl/ adj 1 caused by a person's temperament 由人的气质引起的; 生来的: a temperamental aversion to hard work 生性厌恶艰苦的工作. 2 (often derog 常作贬义) having or showing fits of excitable or moody behaviour; not calm or consistent 神经质的; 不冷静的; 变化无常的: He's avery temperamental player, ie plays well or badly accordingto his mood. 他是个情绪波动的演员（演得好坏由心情而定）. * (joc 谑) My car is a bit temperamental, ie is likely to break down, fail to start, etc. 我的汽车没准脾气（可能出毛病、 发动不起来等）. temperamentally / －tElI; －tlI/ adv: temperamentally unsuited for the job 气质上不适合那项工作. temperance / 5tempErEns; `tZmpErEns/ n [U] 1 moderation and self－restraint in one's behaviour or in eating and drinking （在行为或饮食上）节制, 自制, 克己. 2 drinking no (or almost no) alcoholic drinks （近於）滴酒不沾, 戒酒, 禁酒: [attrib 作定语] a temperance society, ie one promoting temperance 戒酒协会（提倡戒酒者） * a temperance hotel, ie one that does not serve alcoholic drinks 禁酒饭店（不供应酒者）. temperate / 5tempErEt; `tZmpErIt/ adj 1 behaving with temperance(1); showing self－control （行为）有节制的; 克制的: Please be more temperate in your language. 在言语上请再克制一些. 2 (of climate or climatic regions) having a mild temperature without extremes of heat or cold （指气候或有某种气候的地区）温和的: temperate zones 温带. temperately adv. temperature / 5temprEtFE(r); ?@ 5tempErtFUEr; `tZmpL－9tFJr/ n 1 [C, U] degree of heat or cold (in a body, room, country, etc) 温度; 体温; 室温; 气温: keep the house at an even temperature 保持房内恒温 * heat the oven to a temperature of 200C 使烤箱的温度升至200摄氏度 * Some places have had temperatures in the 90's, ie over 90 Fahrenheit. 有些地方的温度超过90华氏度. * a climate without extremes of temperature 气温不特别高也不特别低的气候. =>App 4, 5 见附录4、 5. 2 (idm 习语) get/have/run a `temperature get/have an abnormally high temperature of the body 体温过高;发烧. raise the temperature => raise. take sb's `temperature measure the temperature of sb's body with a thermometer （以温度计）量某人的体温; 试体温: The nurse took the temperatures of all the patients. 那位护士为所有的病人量了体温. tempest / 5tempIst; `tZmpIst/ n 1 violent storm 暴风雨; 风暴. 2 (idm 习语) a tempest in a teapot (US) = a storm in a teacup (storm). tempestuous / tem5pestFUEs; tZm`pZstFJEs/ adj stormy; violently agitated; turbulent 有暴风雨的; 激烈的; 剧烈的; 骚动的; 动乱的: a tempestuous sea 波涛汹涌的海洋 * a tempestuous political debate 激烈的政治辩论. tempestuously adv. tempestuousness n [U]. template / 5templeIt; `tZmplIt/ n pattern or gauge, usu of thin board or metal, used as a guide for cutting or drilling metal, stone, wood, etc or for cutting fabric （切割或钻穿金属、 石料、 木材等或剪裁织物的）样板, 模板, 型板. temple / 5templ; `tZmpl/ n building used for the worship of a god or gods, esp in non－Christian religions 庙; 寺; 神殿（尤指非基督教者）: a Greek, Roman, Hindu, Buddhist,etc temple 希腊、 罗马、 印度教、 佛教等的庙宇. temple / 5templ; `tZmpl/ n flat part at each side of the forehead 太阳穴（前额两侧）; 颞. =>illus at head 见 head 插图. tempo / 5tempEU; `tZmpo/ n (pl ~s or, in music, 音乐术语复数作 tempi / 5tempi:; `tZmpi/) 1 speed or rhythm of a piece of music 乐曲的速度或拍子: Your tempo is too slow. 你演奏的速度太慢了. * in waltz tempo 以华尔兹的拍子. 2 (fig 比喻) pace of any movement or activity （运动或活动的）速度, 进度: the exhausting tempo of city life 令人精疲力竭的城市生活节奏 * upset the even tempo of one's existence 打乱生活规律. temporal / 5tempErEl; `tZmpErEl/ adj 1 of worldly affairs, ie not spiritual; secular 世俗的（即非宗教的）; 现世的: the temporal power of the Pope, ie as head of the Vatican State 教皇在世俗方面的权力 * the lords temporal, ie British peers of the realm 世俗议员（英国上议院中非主教的贵族议员）. Cf 参看 spiritual2. 2 (grammar) of or denoting time 时间的; 表示时间的: temporal conjunctions, eg when, while 表示时间的连词（如when、 while）. 3 of the temple(s) of the head 太阳穴的; 颞部的; 颞的: the temporal artery 颞动脉. temporary / 5temprErI; ?@ －pErerI; 9tZmpE`rZrI/ adj lasting or meant to last for a limited time only; notpermanent 暂时的; 临时的; 一时的; 非永久的: temporaryemployment 临时工作 * a temporary bridge 临时桥 * This arrangement is only temporary. 这只是暂时的安排. Cf 参看 impermanent. temporarily / 5temprErElI; ?@ 9tempE5rerElI; 9tZmpE`rZrElI/ adv. temporariness n [U]. temporize, temporise / 5tempEraIz; `tZmpE9raIz/ v [I] (fml 文) delay making a decision, giving a definite answer or stating one's purpose, in order to gain time 拖延（暂不作决定、 作答覆或说明目的以争取时间）; 敷衍: a temporizing move 一步缓棋. tempt / tempt; tZmpt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.t] ~ sb (into sth/doing sth) 1 persuade or try to persuade sb to do sth, esp sth wrong or unwise 劝说或鼓动某人做某事（尤指错事、 傻事）; 怂恿: He was tempted into a life of crime by greed and laziness. 他受贪婪和懒惰的驱使步入了罪恶的一生. * They tried to tempt her (into staying) with offers of promotion. 他们提出给她晋级来劝说她（留下）. * Nothing would tempt me to join the army. 什麽也不能引诱我参军. 2 arouse a desire in sb; attract sb 引起某人的欲望; 吸引某人: The warm weather tempted us into going for a swim. 暖和的天气诱使我们去游泳. * I am tempted(ie feel inclined) to take the day off. 我打算休一天假. 3 (idm 习语) tempt `fate/`providence act rashly; take a risk 鲁莽; 冒险. tempter n 1 [C] person who tempts 引诱者; 诱惑者. 2 the Tempter [sing] the Devil; Satan 魔鬼; 撒旦. tempting adj attractive; inviting 吸引人的; 诱人的;有诱惑力的; 动人的: a tempting offer 诱人的提议 *That cake looks very tempting. 那蛋糕的样子很吸引人. temptingly adv. temptress / 5temptrIs; `tZmptrIs/ n (usu joc 通常作戏谑语) woman who tempts, esp sexually 引诱人的女子（尤指性方面）. temptation / temp5teIFn; tZmp`teFEn/ n 1 [U] tempting or tempted 劝诱; 诱惑: the temptation of easy profits 容易获利的诱惑 * yield/give way to temptation 经不住诱惑 * put temptation in sb's way, ie tempt him 引诱某人.2 [C] thing that tempts or attracts 有诱惑力或吸引力之物: The bag of sweets on the table was too strong a temptation for the child to resist. 桌上那包糖果对那孩子是个难以抗拒的诱惑. * Clever advertisements are just temptations to spend money. 巧妙的广告诱使人花钱. ten / ten; tZn/ pron, det 1 10; one more than nine 10, 十（个）. =>App 4 见附录4. 2 (idm 习语) ,ten to `one very probably 十之八九; 非常可能地: Ten to one he'll be late. 十之八九他会迟到. ten n the number 10 *10; 十. ten－ (in compounds 用以构成复合词) having ten of the thing specified 有十个...的: a ten－gallon drum 容量为十加仑的桶. tenth / tenW; tZnW/ pron, det 10th; next after ninth 第10, 第十（个）. n one of ten equal parts of sth 十分之一. tenthly adv in the tenth position of place 在第十位; 占第十位. tenfold / 5tenfEUld; `tZn9fold/ adj, adv 1 ten times as many or as much 十倍（的）. 2 having ten parts 有十部分（的）. ten pence (also 10p / 9ten 5pi:; 9tZn `pi/) n (Brit) (coin worth) ten new pence （面值）十便士（的硬币）. For the uses of ten and tenth see the examples at five and fifth. 关於 ten 和 tenth 的用法见 five 和 fifth 词条中的示例. tenable / 5tenEbl; `tZnEbl/ adj 1 that can be defended successfully against opposition or attack 可防守的; 守得住的; 可维护或防护的: a tenable position 可防守的位置 * The view that the earth is flat is no longer tenable. 认为地球是平的这一观点站不住脚了. 2 [pred 作表语] ~ (for...) (of an office or postion) that can be held (for a certain time) （指职务或职位）可保有, 可维持（一定时间）: The lectureship is tenable for a period of three years. 讲师这一职位任期三年. tenability / 9tenE5bIlEtI;9tZnE`bIlEtI/ n [U]. tenacious / tI5neIFEs; tI`neFEs/ adj 1 sticking or clinging firmly together or to an object 粘牢的; 粘住的; 抓牢的; 抓紧的: The eagle seized its prey in a tenacious grip. 鹰将捕获物紧紧抓住. 2 keeping a firm hold on property, principles, life, etc; resolute 紧握的; 不放松的; 坚决的: a tenacious adversary 紧逼不放的对手 * She is tenacious in defence of her rights. 她坚决维护自己的权利. 3 (of memory) retentive; not forgetting things （指记忆力）持久的, 强的; 记性好的. tenaciously adv: Though seriously ill, he still clings tenaciously to life. 他虽病得很重, 但仍顽强地活下去. tenacity / tI5nsEtI; tI`nAsEtI/ n [U]. tenant / 5tenEnt; `tZnEnt/ n 1 person who pays rent to a landlord for the use of a room, a building, land, etc 房客; 租户; 佃户: evict tenants for non－payment of rent 赶出未付房租的房客 * [attrib 作定语] a tenant farmer, ie one who farms land which he does not own 佃农. 2 (law 律) person who occupies or owns a particular building or piece of land （建筑物或土地的）占用者, 占有者. tenancy / －EnsI; －EnsI/ (a) [U] use of land or buildings as a tenant(1) 租用; 租赁: during his tenancy of the farm 在他租用该农场期间. (b) [C] period of this 租用或租赁期: hold a life tenancy of a house 终生租用某所房子. tenantry / 5tenEntrI; `tZnEntrI/ n [Gp] all the tenants occupying land or buildings on one estate （某一地产或房产的）全体佃户或房客. tenant NOTE ON USAGE 用法: A tenant occupies a flat, a building, a farm, etc but does not own it. *tenant（房客或佃户）占用公寓、 建筑物、 农场等, 但并非所有者. He or she pays money (rent) regularly for its use to the landlord, who is the owner 房客或佃户定期付给 landlord（房主或地主）租金（rent）: Are you an owner－occupier or a tenant? 你住自己的房子还是租房住? * He's a tenant farmer. 他是佃农. * His landlord owns 5000 acres. 他的地主有 5000 英亩土地. A similar relationship exists between a lessee and a lessor, which are legal terms. 表示上述两者关系的词还有 lessee（承租人）和 lessor（出租人）, 是法律用语. They both sign a lease (a written legal agreement defining the terms of the tenancy) 双方共同签订 lease（合同）－－规定 tenancy（租赁）条款的法律性书面协议: The lessor can evict the lessee for failure to pay rent. 出租人可驱逐不付租金的承租人. tench / tentF; tZntF/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) European freshwater fish of the carp family 丁鱼岁（欧洲产鲤鱼科淡水鱼）. tend / tend; tZnd/ v [Tn] 1 take care of or look after (sb/sth) 照料, 照管（某人[某事物]）: nurses tending (the wounds of) the injured 照料受伤者的护士 * shepherds tending their sheep 照管羊的牧人. 2 (US) serve customers in (a shop, bar, etc) 在（店铺、 酒吧等）中接待顾客: tend the store 照看店铺. tend / tend; tZnd/ v 1 [It] be likely to behave in a certainway or to have a certain characteristic or influence 倾向; 趋向; 趋於: I tend to go to bed earlier during the winter. 我在冬天常睡得较早. * Women tend to live longer than men. 女人多比男人长寿. * Recent laws have tended to restrict the freedom of the press. 新法例有限制新闻自由的趋势. * It tends to rain here a lot in summer. 这里夏天较为多雨. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ to/towards sth take a certain direction 朝某方向: The track tends upwards. 这痕迹是朝著上方的. * (fig 比喻) He tends towards extreme views. 他的观点趋於偏激. tendency / 5tendEnsI; `tZndEnsI/ n 1 ~ (to/towardssth)/(to do sth) way a person or thing tends to be or behave （人或物呈现的）倾向, 趋势: a tendency to fat/towards fatness/to get fat 发胖的趋势 * homicidal tendencies 有杀人的可能. 2 direction in which sth moves or changes; trend （事物运动或变化的）趋向, 倾向, 趋势: Prices continue to show an upward tendency, ie to increase. 物价呈持续上升的趋势. tendentious / ten5denFEs; tZn`dZnFEs/ adj (derog 贬) (of a speech, a piece of writing, etc) aimed at helping a cause; not impartial （指演说、 文章等）宣传性的,不公平的, 有倾向性的: Such tendentious statements are likely to provoke strong opposition. 这种有倾向性 的说法可能招致强烈的反对. tendentiously adv. tendentiousness n [U]. tender / 5tendE(r); `tZndL/ adj 1 easily damaged or hurt; delicate 易受伤害的; 脆弱的; 纤弱的: tender blossoms, plants, shoots, etc, eg that can be harmed by frost 娇嫩的花、 树木、 幼芽等（如易遭霜冻）. 2 painful when touched; sensitive 有触痛的; 敏感的: My leg is still very tender where it was bruised. 我腿上碰伤的部位仍有触痛. * That's a rather tender subject, ie one that must be dealt with carefully to avoid hurting people's feelings. 那是个相当敏感的问题（须小心处理以免伤人感情者）. 3 easily moved to pity or sympathy; kind 心肠软的; 善良的: a tender heart 软心肠. 4 loving; gentle 亲切的; 温和的; 文雅的: tender looks 温和的表情 * tender loving care 悉心、 亲切的照顾 * be a tender parent 做慈母 * bid sb a tender farewell 与某人亲切地道别. 5 (of meat) easy to chew; not tough （指肉）嫩的, 易咀嚼的, 柔软的. 6 (idm 习语) at a tender `age/of tender `age young and immature 年幼而未成熟的. tenderize, tenderise / 5tendEraIz; `tZndE9raIz/ v [Tn] make (meat) more tender (eg by beating it) 使（肉）变软（如经捶打）: tenderized steak 捶软的肉排. tenderly adv. tenderness n [U]. tenderfoot n (pl －foots) newcomer who is unused to hardships; inexperienced person 尚未习惯於吃苦的新来者; 无经验者; 生手. tender－hearted adj having a kind and gentle nature; tender(4) 生性善良的; 仁慈的. tenderloin n [U] (also ,tenderloin `steak) (esp US) most tender middle part of a loin of beef or pork （牛或猪的腰部中间的）嫩腰肉, 里脊. Cf 参看 undercut1. tender / 5tendE(r); `tZndL/ n 1 (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) person who looks after or tends sth 照管、 照料或照看某事物者: a `bartender 酒吧服务员. 2 small ship used for carrying freight or passengers to or from a larger ship 勤务船（为大船运送货物或旅客者）; 供应船. 3 truck attached to a steam locomotive, carrying fuel and water 煤水车（挂於蒸汽机车之後）. tender / 5tendE(r); `tZndL/ v 1 [Tn, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) (fml 文) offer or present sth formally 正式提供或提出某事: tender money in payment of a debt 交付金钱偿还债务 * May I tender my services? 我可以效劳吗? * He tendered his resignation to the Prime Minister. 他向首相递了辞呈. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (for sth) make an offer (to carry out work, supply goods, etc) at a stated price 投标: Firms were invited to tender for the construction of the new motorway. 各公司应邀投标承建新高速公路. tender (also esp US bid) n formal offer to supply goods or carry out work at a stated price 投标: put work out to tender, ie ask for such offers 招标 * put in/make/submit a tender for sth 参加某项投标 * accept the lowest tender 接受最低价格的投标. tendon / 5tendEn; `tZndEn/ n strong band or cord of tissue that joins muscle to bone; sinew 腱: strain a tendon 扭伤腱. tendril / 5tendrEl; `tZndrEl/ n thread－like part of a climbingplant (eg ivy) by which it clings to a support （攀缘植物如常春藤的）卷须. tenement / 5tenEmEnt; `tZnEmEnt/ n 1 apartment or room let for living in （出租的）公寓, 房间. 2 (US also `tenement－house) large building with apartments or rooms let to a number of families at low rents 廉租公寓（多户合租, 租金低廉的大房或屋）. 3 (law 律) land or other permanent property held by a tenant （承租者的）保有物, 占有物, 享有物. tenet / 5tenIt; `tZnIt/ n principle; belief; doctrine 原则; 信条; 教义; 教条: one of the basic tenets of the Christian faith 基督教信仰的基本信条之一. tenner / 5tenE(r); `tZnL/ n (Brit infml 口) (note worth) ten pounds sterling; 10 十英镑（的纸币）; 10英镑: I'll give you a tenner for your old bike. 我出十英镑买你的旧自行车. tennis / 5tenIs; `tZnIs/ n [U] (also ,lawn `tennis) game for two or four players, who hit a ball backwards and forwards across a net with rackets 网球. =>App 4 见附录4. Cf 参看 real tennis (real). tennis court marked area on which tennis is played 网球场. tennis elbow painful swelling of the elbow caused by playing tennis, etc 网球肘（因打网球等引起的肘部肿痛）. tenon / 5tenEn; `tZnEn/ n projecting end of a piece of wood shaped to fit into a mortise to make a joint 榫; 榫头; 榫子. tenor / 5tenE(r); `tZnL/ n [U] the ~ of sth 1 general routine or course of sth （某事的）常规, 进展方向: disrupting the even tenor of her life 打乱她的生活规律. 2 general meaning or drift of sth （某事的）要旨, 大意: know enough of the language to grasp the tenor of what is being said 懂得该种语言足以了解对方谈话的大意. tenor / 5tenE(r); `tZnL/ n (music 音) 1 (a) highest normal adult male voice 男高音. (b) singer with such a voice 男高音歌手. (c) part written for such a voice （乐谱中的）男高音部. 2 [esp attrib 尤作定语] instrument with a range about that of a tenor voice 音域相当於次中音的乐器: a tenor saxophone 次中音萨克管. tenpin bowling / 9tenpIn 5bEUlIN; 9tZnpIn `bolIN/ (US also tenpins / 5tenpInz; `tZn9pInz/ [pl]) game like ninepins,but with an extra skittle 十柱保龄球戏. Cf 参看 skittle. tense / tens; tZns/ adj (－r, －st) 1 stretched tightly; taut 拉紧的; 紧张的. 2 with muscles tight in anticipation of what may happen （因预料要出事）肌肉　紧的: faces tense with anxiety 因焦急而显得紧张的面孔. 3 unable to relax; edgy 不能松弛的; 神经紧张的; 易怒的: He's a very tense person. 他是个神经紧张的人. 4 causing tenseness 引起紧张的; 令人紧张的: a tense moment, atmosphere, meeting 令人感到紧张的时刻、 气氛、 会议 * The game is getting tenser all the time. 比赛自始至终越来越紧张. tense v 1 [Tn] 2 (cause sb/sth to) become tense(2) （使某人[某事物]）变得紧张: She tensed, hearing the noise again. 她再次听到那个声音就紧张起来. * with muscles tensed, waiting for the race to start 肌肉紧　著,等待起跑. 3 (idm 习语) be/get tensed `up be/become tense(3) 变得神经紧张: Players get very tensed up before a match. 运动员在比赛前都感到神经紧张. tensely adv. tenseness n [U]. tense / tens; tZns/ n (grammar) any of the forms of a verb that may be used to indicate the time of the actionor state expressed by the verb （动词的）时态: the present,past, future, etc tense 现在、 过去、 将来等时态. tensile / 5tensaIl; ?@ 5tensl; `tZnsl/ adj 1 [attrib 作定语] of tension 拉力的; 张力的; 紧张的: the tensile strength ofwire, rope, etc, ie the load it will support without breaking金属线、 绳索等的抗拉强度. 2 that can be stretched 可延展的; 可伸长的; 可伸延的. tension / 5tenFn; `tZnFEn/ n 1 [U] state or degree of stretching or being stretched 拉力; 张力; 紧张的状态或程度: adjust the tension of a violin string, a tennis racket, etc 调小提琴弦、 网球拍等的松紧 * Massage helps relieve the tension in one's muscles. 按摩可使僵硬的肌肉松弛. 2 [U] mental, emotional or nervous strain; tenseness 心理、 情绪或神经方面的紧张: suffer from (nervous) tension 感到（神经）紧张 * Tension is a major cause of heart disease. 精神紧张是引起心脏病的主要原因. 3 [U, C usu pl 作不可数名词或可数名词, 後者通常作复数] condition when feelings are tense or relations between people, groups, etc are strained 心情紧张的状态; （人、 团体等间）关系紧张的状态: racial/political/social tension(s) 种族间的[政治上的/社会生活中的]紧张状态 * The incident has further increased the tension between the two countries. 该事件导致两国关系更趋紧张. 4 [U] voltage 电压: high－tension cables 高压电缆. tent / tent; tZnt/ n (usu portable) shelter or dwelling madeof canvas, etc supported by poles and ropes attached to pegs driven into the ground （通常指便携式的）帐篷, 帐棚: camping in tents 在帐篷中露营. tent－peg n wooden or metal peg used to fasten a rope supporting a tent, etc to the ground 帐篷桩（用以把帐篷等的绳索固定於地上者）. =>illus at peg 见 peg 插图. tentacle / 5tentEkl; `tZntEkl/ n slender flexible part extending from the body of certain animals (eg snails, octopuses), used for feeling or grasping things or for moving 触须; 触角; 触手. tentative / 5tentEtIv; `tZntEtIv/ adj done, said, etc to test sth; hesitant or exploratory; not definite or decisive 试验性质的; 踌躇的; 试探性的; 不确定的; 非决定性的: make a tentative suggestion, proposal, plan, etc 提出试探性的建议、 提案、 计画等 * reach a tentative conclusion 得出暂时的结论. tentatively adv: played rather too tentatively 演奏得太不果断. tentativeness n [U]. tenterhooks / 5tentEhUks; `tZntL9hJks/ n (idm 习语) (be) on `tenterhooks in a state of anxious suspense or uncertainty 忧虑不安; 不确定: We were kept on tenterhooks for hours while the judges were deciding the winners. 我们在等待裁判员裁决出优胜者, 几个小时如坐针毡. tenth => ten. tenuous / 5tenjUEs; `tZnjJEs/ adj 1 thin; slender 薄的; 细的: the tenuous threads of a spider's web 蜘蛛网的细丝. 2 having little substance or significance; very slight 空洞无物的; 无关紧要的; 细微的: tenuous distinctions 细微的区别 * preserve tenuous links with one's former friends 与过去的朋友维持不即不离的联系 * The difference, if it exists, is extremely tenuous. 这种差别即使存在也是微不足道的. tenuously adv. tenuousness (also fml 庄重语作 tenuity / tI5nju:EtI; ?@ te5nu:－; tZn`uEtI/) n [U]. tenure / 5tenjUE(r); ?@ －jEr; `tZnjL/ n [U] 1 holding of (eg political) office or land or other property, etc （职位, 如政治地位, 土地或其他资产等的）保有. 2 period or manner of this （上述事物的）保有期, 保有状况, 保有权, 保有条件: The tenure of the US Presidency is four years.美国总统的任期是四年. * freehold/leasehold tenure 无限期完全保有的[租赁保有的]状况 * security of tenure, ie the right to remain as a tenant 承租人使用权的保障. 3 (esp US) permanent appointment as a teacher, etc in a university or some other institution （大学或其他机构中教师等的）长期聘用: granted tenure after six years 六年之後受长期聘用. tepee / 5ti:pi:; `tipi/ n cone－shaped tent made of skins orbark on a frame of poles, used (esp formerly) by AmericanIndians （兽皮或树皮制的）圆锥帐篷（尤指旧时美洲印第安人使用的）. Cf 参看 wigwam. tepid / 5tepId; `tZpId/ adj lukewarm 温的; 不冷不热的:The water was tepid. 那水是温的. * (fig 比喻) tepid applause稀稀拉拉的掌声. tepidly adv. tepidness (also tepidity / tI5pIdEtI; tI`pIdEtI/) n [U]. tequila / tE5ki:lE; tE`kilE/ n (a) [U] strong alcoholic drink distilled from a tropical plant, chiefly in Mexico 龙舌兰酒（主要产於墨西哥）. (b) [C] glass of this 一杯龙舌兰酒. tercentenary / 9t\:sen5ti:nErI; ?@ t\:5sentEnerI; t[`sZntE9nZrI/ (also tercentennial / 9t\:sen5tenIEl; 9t[sZn`tZnIEl/)n 300th anniversary 300周年纪念: the tercentenary of the school's foundation 建校三百周年纪念 * [attrib 作定语] tercentenary celebrations 三百周年庆典. tercentennial adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of a tercentenary 三百周年的. term / t\:m; t[m/ n 1 period of time for which sth lasts; fixed or limited time 期间; 期限: a long term of imprisonment长期监禁 * during the President's first term of office 在该总统的首届任期. 2 (fml 文) end or completion of such a period of time 期间或期限的终止或完结; 到期; 期满: a pregnancy approaching its term 妊娠期满 * His life had reached its natural term. 他已尽其天年. 3 any of the three or four periods in the year during which classes are held in schools, universities, etc （学校的）学期: the autumn/spring/summer term 秋[春/夏]季学期 * end－of－term examinations 期终考试 * during/in term(－time) 在学期当中. Cf 参看 semester. 4 (law 律) period of time during which a lawcourt holds sessions 法庭的开庭期. 5 word or phrase used as the name or symbol of sth （用作某事物名称或象徵的）词或词组, 术语, 说法: `The nick' is a slang term for `prison'. the nick一词是俚语, 意为｀班房＇. * technical, legal, scientific, etc terms 技术、 法律、 科学等的术语. 6 (mathematics 数) each of the quantities or expressions in a series, ratio, etc （数列、 比例等的）项. 7 (idm 习语) a contradiction in terms => contradiction (contradict). in the `long/`short term in the distant/near future 长[短]期: We must aim for world peace in the long term. 我们要争取持久的世界和平. term v [Cn.a, Cn.n] (fml 文) call (sth/sb) by a certain term(5); name 用某词语称（某事物[某人]）; 将（某事物[某人]）称做: term an offer unacceptable 把一提议称做是难以接受的 * a type of music that is termed plainsong 称为素歌的一种音乐. termagant / 5t\:mEgEnt; `t[mE^Ent/ n bad－tempered bullying woman 泼妇; 悍妇. terminable / 5t\:mInEbl; `t[mInEbl/ adj (fml 文) that can be terminated 可终止的; 有期限的: a contract terminable at a month's notice 可在通知後一个月终止的合同. terminal / 5t\:mInl; `t[mEnl/ adj 1 of the last stage in a fatal disease （致命疾病的）晚期的, 末期的: His illness isterminal, ie cannot be cured. 他的病已到末期. * terminalcancer 晚期癌症 * the `terminal ward, ie in a hospital, for patients who are dying 末期病人病房 * a terminal case, ie a patient who is terminally ill 病危患者. 2 of or taking place each term(3) （每）学期的: terminal examinations, inspections, accounts 期终考试、 检查、 报告. 3 of, forming or situated at the end or boundary of sth 末端的; 终点的; 分界处的: a terminal marker 终点的标志. terminal n 1 (building at the) end of a railway line, bus route, etc （铁路、 公共汽车等的）终点, 终点站. Cf 参看 terminus. 2 building at an airport or in a town where air passengers arrive and depart （机场或城市中的）航空集散站. 3 point of connection in an electric circuit （电路的）接头: the positive/negative terminals, eg of a battery 正[负]极（如电池的）. 4 (computing 计) apparatus, usu consisting of a keyboard and screen, forcommunicating with the central processor in a computingsystem （计算机系统的）终端机. terminally / －nElI; －nlI/ adv: a hospice for the terminally ill 收治垂危患者的医院. terminate / 5t\:mIneIt; `t[mE9net/ v [I, Tn] (fml 文) come to an end or bring (sth) to an end 结束; 使（某事）终止, 终结: The meeting terminated in disorder. 会议在混乱中结束. * terminate sb's contract 终止某人的合同 * terminate a pregnancy, eg by means of an abortion 终止妊娠（堕胎）. termination / 9t\:mI5neIFn; 9t[mE`neFEn/ n 1 (a) [C, U] point at which or way in which sth ends 终点; 结局; 终止; 结束: the termination of one's contract 合同的终止. (b) [C] (medical 医) ending of a pregnancy with the death of the unborn child; abortion 终止妊娠; 堕胎. 2 [C] final part or letter of a word, eg in an inflexion or derivation 词尾, 词的末一字母（如词尾变化或派生词中者）. terminology / 9t\:mI5nClEdVI; 9t[mE`nBlEdVI/ n 1 [U, C]technical terms of a particular subject （某学科的）专门用语, 术语: a word not used except in medical terminology 仅用於医学的专业词 * various scientific terminologies 科学方面的各种术语. 2 [U] proper use of words asnames or symbols 术语的正确使用; 术语用法: problems, differences of terminology 术语用法上的问题、 不同之处. terminological / 9t\:mInE5lCdVIkl; 9t[mInE`lBdVIkl/ adj. terminologically adv: terminologically incorrect 术语方面的错误. terminus / 5t\:mInEs; `t[mEnEs/ n (pl －ni / 5t\:mInaI;`t[mI9naI/ or ~es / －nEsIz; －nEsIz/) (a) station at the end of a railway line （铁路的）终点站. (b) last stop on a bus route, etc （公共汽车等的）终点站. Cf 参看 terminaln 1. termite / 5t\:maIt; `t[maIt/ n small insect, found chiefly in tropical areas, that is very destructive to timber (popularly called white ant, but not of the ant family) 白蚁. term / t\:m; t[m/ n 1 period of time for which sth lasts; fixed or limited time 期间; 期限: a long term of imprisonment长期监禁 * during the President's first term of office 在该总统的首届任期. 2 (fml 文) end or completion of such a period of time 期间或期限的终止或完结; 到期; 期满: a pregnancy approaching its term 妊娠期满 * His life had reached its natural term. 他已尽其天年. 3 any of the three or four periods in the year during which classes are held in schools, universities, etc （学校的）学期: the autumn/spring/summer term 秋[春/夏]季学期 * end－of－term examinations 期终考试 * during/in term(－time) 在学期当中. Cf 参看 semester. 4 (law 律) period of time during which a lawcourt holds sessions 法庭的开庭期. 5 word or phrase used as the name or symbol of sth （用作某事物名称或象徵的）词或词组, 术语, 说法: `The nick' is a slang term for `prison'. the nick一词是俚语, 意为｀班房＇. * technical, legal, scientific, etc terms 技术、 法律、 科学等的术语. 6 (mathematics 数) each of the quantities or expressions in a series, ratio, etc （数列、 比例等的）项. 7 (idm 习语) a contradiction in terms => contradiction (contradict). in the `long/`short term in the distant/near future 长[短]期: We must aim for world peace in the long term. 我们要争取持久的世界和平. term v [Cn.a, Cn.n] (fml 文) call (sth/sb) by a certain term(5); name 用某词语称（某事物[某人]）; 将（某事物[某人]）称做: term an offer unacceptable 把一提议称做是难以接受的 * a type of music that is termed plainsong 称为素歌的一种音乐. terms / t\:mz; t[mz/ n [pl] 1 (a) conditions offered or accepted （提出的或接受的）条件: peace terms 和平条件 * according to the terms of the contract 按照合同的条件. (b) payment offered or asked （付出的或索要的）报酬, 代价: hire－purchase on easy terms 优惠的分期付款 * enquire about terms for renting a house 询问租房子的价钱. 2 way of expressing oneself 表达方式; 措辞; 说法: protest in the strongest terms 以最强硬的措词抗议 * He referred to your work in terms of high praise/in flattering terms. 他对你的工作大加赞扬[大捧特捧]. 3 (idm 习语) be on good, friendly, bad, etc `terms (with sb) have a good, etc relationship 关系好、 密切、 不好等: I didn't know you and she were on such intimate terms, ie were such close friends. 我不知道你和她关系这麽密切. be on speaking terms => speak. come to terms (with sb) reach an agreement 达成协议. come to terms with sth reconcile oneself to sth; learn to accept sth 使自己顺从某事物; 设法忍受某事物: come to terms with her handicap 安於她自己的困难处境 * You'll just have to come to terms with the fact that... 你不得不接受的现实情况是.... in no uncertain terms => uncertain.in terms of sth; in sth terms as regards sth; expressedas sth 在某事物方面; 以某说法来表达: Think of it in terms of an investment. 从投资的角度来考虑那件事. * The figures are expressed in terms of a percentage/in percentage terms. 那些数字是以百分数表示的. on equal terms => equal. on one's own/sb's terms on conditions that one/sb else decides 按个人[他人]决定的条件. terms of reference scope or range of an inquiry, etc 询问、 调查等的范围或界限: The committee decided that the matter lay outside/within its terms of reference, ie that it could not/could consider it. 委员会决定对该事不予[加以]考虑. tern / t\:n; t[n/ n sea－bird with long pointed wings and a forked tail 燕鸥. terra firma / 9terE 5f\:mE; `tZrE`f[mE/ dry land; the ground (contrasted with water or air) 陆地, 大地（与水或空中相对）: glad to be on terra firma again, eg after a trip by boat or aeroplane 又回到陆地上, 很高兴（如下船或下飞机时）. terrace / 5terEs; `tZrEs/ n 1 raised level area of ground or a series of these into which a hillside is shaped so that it can be cultivated 台地; 梯田. 2 flight of wide shallow steps, eg for spectators at a sports ground （梯级宽且矮的）台阶（如运动场之看台）. 3 paved area beside a house （房侧的）铺砌地面. Cf 参看 patio. 4 continuous row of similarly designed houses in one block 排房（设计相同的一排房屋）: 6 Olympic Terrace, ie in a postal address 奥林匹克排房6号（通信地址） * [attrib 作定语] a terrace－house, ie one of those in such a row 一所排房（上述排房中的一所）. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page vi. terrace v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] form (sth) into a terrace or terraces 使（某物）成梯田形或台阶形: a terraced hillside 阶梯状的山坡. terracotta / 9terE5kCtE; `tZrE`kBtE/ n [U] 1 unglazed reddish－brown pottery 无釉赤陶: [attrib 作定语] a terracotta vase 赤陶花瓶. 2 its colour 赤褐色; 土红色. terrain / tE5reIn or, in British use, 英式英语读作 5tereIn; tZ`ren/ n [C, U] stretch of land, with regard to its natural features 地形; 地貌; 地势; 地带: difficult terrain for cycling 骑自行车难以行走的地带 * [attrib 作定语] an all－terrain vehicle 全地形式的车. terrapin / 5terEpIn; `tZrEpIn/ n any of various types of edible freshwater tortoise of N America 水龟（产於北美淡水中, 可食）. terrestrial / tE5restrIEl; tE`rZstrIEl/ adj 1 of or living on land 陆地的; 陆生的; 陆栖的: the terrestrial parts of the world 地球的陆地部分 * terrestrial species 陆栖种类.2 of the planet earth 地球的. Cf 参看 celestial. terrestrially / －trIElI; －trIElI/ adv. terrible / 5terEbl; `tZrEbl/ adj 1 causing great fear ordistress; appalling 可怕的; 使人苦恼的; 骇人的: a terriblewar, accident, murder 可怕的战争、 事故、 谋杀案. 2 hard to bear; extreme 难以忍受的; 极端的: terrible toothache 难以忍受的牙疼 * The heat was terrible. 热得受不了. 3 (infml 口) very bad 极坏的; 很糟的: I'm terrible at tennis. 我打网球打得很不好. * What a terrible meal! 这顿饭糟透了! * He's a terrible bore. 他这人讨厌极了. terribly / －EblI; －EblI/ adv 1 very badly 很糟糕: She suffered terribly when her son was killed. 她儿子被杀, 她痛苦已极. 2 (infml 口) very 很; 非常: not a terribly good film 不特别好的影片 * I'm terribly sorry. 我非常抱歉. terrier / 5terIE(r); `tZrIL/ n any of various types of small active dog （某些种类的）活泼的小狗: a fox terrier, ie one used for hunting foxes 猎狐狗. terrific / tE5rIfIk; tE`rIfIk/ adj (infml 口) 1 very great; extreme 很大的; 极端的: a terrific storm 狂风暴雨 *driving at a terrific speed 以极高的速度驾驶. 2 excellent; wonderful 极好的; 了不起的: doing a terrific job 干得很棒 * The view was terrific. 景色美极了. terrifically / －klI; －klI/ adv (infml 口) extremely 极度地: terrifically clever, generous, rich 非常聪明、 大方、 富有. terrify / 5terIfaI; `tZrE9faI/ v (pt, pp －fied) [Tn] fill (sb) with terror; make very frightened 使（某人）感到恐怖; 使害怕: terrified his children with ghost stories 讲鬼故事吓坏了他的孩子 * a terrifying experience 可怕的经历. terrified adj ~ (of sb/sth)/(at sth) feeling terror; very afraid （对某人[某事物]）感到恐惧的, 很害怕的: terrified of spiders, heights, the dark 惧怕蜘蛛、 登高、 黑暗 * I'm terrifed at the prospect of being alone in the house. 我要是自己呆在一所房子里就很害怕. terrine / 5teri:n; tZ`rin/ n [U, C] paste made of cooked meat; pate （熟的）肉糜; 肉酱. territorial / 9terE5tR:rIEl; 9tZrE`tRrIEl/ adj of a country'sterritory 领土的: territorial possessions 领土 * have territorialclaims against another country, ie claim part of its territory 向另一国提出领土要求（要求该国部分领土）. Territorial n (Brit) member of the Territorial Army 国防义勇军士兵. Territorial Army (Brit) military force of part－time volunteers trained for the defence of Great Britain （英国）国防义勇军. territorial waters the sea near a country's coast and under its control 领海: fishing illegally in foreign territorial waters 在他国领海非法捕鱼. territory / 5terEtrI; ?@ －tR:rI; `tZrE9tRrI/ n 1 [C, U] (area of) land under the control of a ruler, country, city, etc 领土（的范围）: Turkish territory in Europe 土耳其在欧洲部分的领土 * occupying enemy territory 占领敌方的土地 * new territories 新的领土. 2 Territory [C] country or area forming part of the US, Australia or Canada but not ranking as a state or province （美国、 澳大利亚或加拿大的）未列为州或省的地方: North West Territory 西北地区. 3 [C, U] (extent of the) area for which sb has responsibility or over which a salesman, etc operates（某人负责的）地区（范围）; （推销员等的）营业地区: Our representatives travel over a very large territory. 我们的推销员活动地区很广. * How much territory does this medical practice cover? 这一医疗服务包括的地区有多大? 4 [C, U] (extent of the) area claimed or dominated by one person, group or animal and defended against others （个人、 团体或动物占据的）领域: He seems to regard that end of the office as his territory, ie He resents anyone else using it. 他把办公室的那一头看成是他的地盘. * Mating blackbirds will defend their territory against intruders. 黑鹂交配时不容许地盘受到外来的滋扰. 5 [C] area of knowledge or activity （知识或活动的）范围, 领域: Legal problems are very much Andrew's territory, ie He handles them. 法律方面的问题主要是由安德鲁负责处理. terror / 5terE(r); `tZrL/ n 1 (a) [U] extreme fear 恐怖; 惊骇: run away in terror 惊慌地跑开 * scream with terror 吓得尖叫起来 * be in terror of one's life, ie afraid of being killed 为自己的生命安全担惊受怕 * strike terror into (ie terrify) sb 使某人胆战心惊. (b) [C] instance of this 恐怖的事: have a terror of heights 害怕登高 * The terrors of the night were past. 夜间的那些恐怖事都已成过去. 2 [C] terrifying person or thing 可怕的人或事物: hooligans who are a terror to/the terror of the entire town 使全城人都恐惧的流氓 * Death holds no terrors for (ie does not frighten) me. 死神吓不倒我. 3 [C] (infml 口) formidable or troublesome person or thing 令人惧怕或讨厌的人或事物: My aunt can be a bit of a terror. 我姑姑有时候还真有点讨人厌. * That puppy is an absolute terror, ie a great nuisance. 那只小狗讨厌极了. 4 (idm 习语) a holy terror => holy. terrorism / 5terErIzEm; `tZrE9rIzEm/ n [U] use ofviolence and threats of violence, esp for political purposes恐怖主义, 恐怖手段（尤指有政治目的者）. terrorist / 5terErIst; `tZrE9rIst/ n person who supports or participatesin terrorism 恐怖主义者; 恐怖分子: The terrorists are threatening to blow up the hijacked airliner. 恐怖分子扬言要炸毁劫持的客机. * [attrib 作定语] terrorist attacks 恐怖分子的攻击. terrorize, terrorise / 5terEraIz; `tZrE9raIz/ v (a) [Tn] fill (sb/sth) with terror 使（某人[某事物]）畏惧: local gangs terrorizing the neighbourhood 使附近地区人心惶惶的地痞. (b) [Tn.pr] ~ sb into sth/doing sth force sb to do sth by threats of violence, etc 胁迫某人做某事: villagers terrorized into leaving their homes 被逼离乡别井的村民. terrorization, terrorisation / 9terEraI5zeIFn; ?@－rI5z－; 9tZrErE`zeFEn/ n [U]. terror－stricken (also `terror－struck) adj filled with terror 胆战心惊的; 人心惶惶的. terry / 5terI; `tZrI/ n [U] cotton fabric used for towels, etc, with raised loops of thread left uncut 毛圈棉织物（用以做毛巾等的）. terse / t\:s; t[s/ adj (sometimes derog 有时作贬义) using few words; concise; curt 用词简练的; 洗练的; 简短的: written in a terse style 以简练的文笔写成的 * a terse reply, comment, remark, etc 简短的答覆、 评论、 言语等 * a terse speaker 语言精练的演说者. tersely adv. terseness n [U]. tertiary / 5t\:FErI; ?@ －FIerI; `t[FI9ZrI/ adj third in order, rank, importance, etc; next after secondary 第三等的; 第三位的; 第三的: the Tertiary period, ie (in geology) the third stage in the formation of rocks （地质学上岩石形成的）第三纪 * tertiary education, ie at university or college level 高等教育 * tertiary (ie very severe) burns 三度烧伤（极严重的）. Terylene / 5terEli:n; `tZrElin/ (US Dacron) n [U] (propr 专利名) (fabric made from a) type of synthetic fibre 涤纶（人造纤维）; 涤纶织物. TESL / 9ti: i: es 5el or, in informal use, 俗读作 5tesl; 9ti i Zs `Zl, `tZsl/ abbr 缩写 = Teaching English as a Second Language 作为第二语言的英语教学. Cf 参看 TEFL. tessellated / 5tesEleItId; `tZsl9etId/ adj (of a pavement) made from small flat pieces of stone of various colours arranged in a pattern （指人行道）用彩色小石块镶嵌成图案的. test / test; tZst/ n 1 (a) examination or trial of the qualities, etc of a person or thing （对人或事物的）测验, 试验, 考验: an en`durance test, eg for a new engine, soldiers in training, etc 耐力试验（如对新发动机、 受训的士兵等的） * [attrib 作定语] a `test bore, ie a hole bored into the ground to discover whether it contains mineral, oil, etc 勘察钻孔（为探测矿藏、 石油等的） * (fig 比喻) She left her purse on the table as a test of the child's honesty. 她把钱包留在桌子上来考验那孩子是否诚实. * The long separation was a test of their love. 长期分离对他们的爱情是个考验. (b) such an examination conducted for medical purposes （医疗上的）试验, 检验, 化验: an `eye test 眼睛检查 * a `blood/`urine test 验血[尿]. 2 examination of a person's knowledge or ability in a particular area （对人在某方面的知识或能力的）测验, 测试, 考查: give the pupils a test in arithmetic 对小学生进行算术测验 * an I`Q/in`telligence test 智商[智力]测验 * a`driving－test, ie to obtain a driving licence 驾驶执照考试. 3 means or procedure for testing 试验或检验的手段或程序: a `litmus test 石蕊试验 * [attrib 作定语] a `test circuit, ie one for testing motor vehicles, etc 机动车试验环路 * a test for AIDS, cancer, tetanus, etc 艾滋病、 癌、 破伤风...试验 * a `pregnancy test 妊娠试验. 4 (infml 口) = test match. 5 (idm 习语) the acid test => acid1. put sb/sth to the proof/test => proof1. stand the test of `time, etc prove to be durable, reliable or of lasting value over a long period 经得起长时间的考验: fine old buildings that have stood the test of centuries 经历了数世纪的美观的建筑物. test v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sb/sth) (for sth); ~ sth (on sb/sth) examine and measure the qualities, etc of (sb/sth) 检验和衡量（某人[某物]）的品质、 质量等; 试验; 考验??w: testing for pollution in the water/testing the water for pollution 检验水的污染情况 * a well－testedremedy 经试验证实有效的医疗法 * testing nuclear weaponsunder the sea 海底核武器试验 * have one's eyesight/hearing tested 视力[听力]检查 * The long climb tested our powers of endurance. 那次长距离爬山考验了我们的耐力. * Many people are against new drugs being tested on animals. 很多人都反对用动物做新药试验. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (on sth) test sb's knowledge or ability (in a particular area) 测验某人（在某方面的知识或能力）: She tested the whole class on irregular verbs. 她对全班学生进行不规则动词测验. test case lawsuit or other procedure that provides a decision which is expected to be used in settling similar cases in the future 判例案件（诉讼案件或其他程序的先例, 可供以後比照类似案件之判例）: The outcomeof these wage talks is seen as a test case for future pay negotiations. 这一系列工资谈判的结果可视为今後薪酬谈判的先例. test drive drive taken to judge the performance, etc of a car one is thinking of buying 试车（对欲购之汽车作驾驶测试）. test－drive v (pt －drove, pp －driven) [Tn] take a test drive in (a car) 对（某汽车）作试车驾驶. test match (also infml 口语作 test) cricket or Rugby match between teams of certain countries, usu one of a series during a tour （板球或英式橄榄球的）国际间的比赛（通常包括若干赛次）. test pilot pilot whose job is to fly newly designed aircraft to test their performance （新型飞机的）试飞员. test－tube n slender glass tube, closed at one end, used in chemical experiments 试管. test－tube baby baby that is conceived by artificial insemination, or that develops elsewhere than in a mother's body 试管婴儿. testament / 5testEmEnt; `tZstEmEnt/ n (fml 文) 1 (usu sing 通常作单数) ~ (to sth) thing that provides clear proof of sth （某事物的）确实证明: a testament to sb's beliefs 对某人信仰的证明 * The new model is a testament to the skill and dedication of the work－force. 从这个新产品可以看出全体职工的技术水平和工作态度. 2 = will4 4. testamentary / 9testE5mentrI; 9tZstE`mZntrI/ adj (fml 文) of or given in a person's will 遗嘱的; 由遗嘱中遗赠的: a testamentary bequest 遗赠的遗产. testate / 5testeIt; `tZstet/ adj (law 律) having left a valid will at one's death 留下有效遗嘱的. testator / te5steItE(r); ?@ 5testeItEr; `tZstetL/ (fem 阴性作 testatrix / te5steItrIks; tZs`tetrIks/) n person who has made a will4(4) 立有遗嘱的人. testes pl of testis. testicle / 5testIkl; `tZstIkl/ n either of the two glands of the male sex organ in which sperm－bearing fluid is produced 睾丸. =>illus at male 见 male 插图. testify / 5testIfaI; `tZstE9faI/ v (pt, pp －fied) 1 [I, Ipr, Tf]~ (to sth); ~ (against/in favour of sb) give evidence; declare as a witness, esp in court 提供证据; 作证（尤指出庭）: summoned to testify in court 被传出庭作证 * The teacher testified to the boy's honesty. 老师证明那男孩很诚实. * Two witnesses testified against her and one in her favour. 有两个证人的证词对她不利, 另一个人的对她 有利. * He testified under oath that he had not been at the scene of the crime. 他宣誓称自己当时不在犯罪现场. 2 [Ipr, Tn] ~ (to) sth (fml 文) be evidence of sth 作为某事的证据; 证明: tears that testified (to) her grief 可见她悲伤的眼泪. testimonial / 9testI5mEUnIEl; 9tZstE`monIEl/ n 1 written statement testifying to a person's character, abilities or qualifications （人品、 能力、 资格的）证明书, 鉴定书, 推荐书: She sent a testimonial from her former employer when applying for the post. 她申请那职位时寄去了前雇主的推荐书. Cf 参看 reference 4. 2 thing given to sb, eg by his colleagues, to show appreciation of his services or achievements （为感谢某人的贡献或成就而赠予的）奖品, 纪念品（如同事赠送的）: [attrib 作定语] a testimonial match, game, etc, ie to honour a distinguished sportsman 纪念比赛等（以褒扬优秀运动员）. testimony / 5testImEnI; ?@ －mEUnI; `tZstE9monI/ n 1 [U,C] written or spoken statement declaring that sth is true,esp one made under oath （书面或口头的）证词（尤指发誓後作出的）: According to the witness's testimony, you were present when the crime was committed. 根据证人证词所示, 案发时你在犯罪现场. 2 [U, sing] ~ (to sth) evidence in support of sth （对某事物的）见证或证明: The pyramids are (a) testimony to the Ancient Egyptians' engineering skills. 金字塔是古埃及人工程技术精湛的丰碑. testis / 5testIs; `tZstIs/ n (pl －tes / －ti:z; －tiz/) (anatomy 解) testicle 睾丸. testy / 5testI; `tZstI/ adj (－ier, －iest) easily annoyed; irritable易被激怒的; 急躁的: a testy person, reply 性急的人、 急忙做出的答覆. testily / －IlI; －IlI/ adv. testiness n [U]. tetanus / 5tetEnEs; `tZtnEs/ n [U] disease in which the muscles contract and stiffen, caused by bacteria entering the body 破伤风. Cf 参看 lockjaw (lock2). tetchy / 5tetFI; `tZtFI/ adj (－ier, －iest) peevish; irritable 易怒的; 暴躁的: a tetchy person, mood, remark 急躁的人、 情绪、 言语 * There's no need to be so tetchy (with me)! 何必（跟我）那麽著急! tetchily / －IlI; －ElI/ adv. tetchiness n [U]. tete－a－tete / 9teIt B: 5teIt; `tetE`tet/ n private conversation between two people 两人间的私下谈话: have regular tete－a－tetes with sb 经常与某人密谈 * [attrib 作定语] a tete－a－tete dinner 两人共餐. tete－a－tete adv together in private 私下在一起: dine tete－a－tete with sb 单独与某人共餐. tether / 5teTE(r); `tZTL/ n 1 rope or chain by which an animal is fastened while it is grazing （拴牲畜的）绳或链. 2 (idm 习语) at the end of one's tether => end1. tether v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sth) fasten (an animal) with a tether 用绳或链拴住（牲畜）: He tethered his horse to a tree. 他用绳子把马拴在树上. tetr(a)－ comb form 构词成分 four 四: tetrasyllable, ie a word with four syllables 四音节词. Teutonic / tju:5tCnIk; ?@ tu:－; `tu`tBnIk/ adj 1 of the Germanic (ie Anglo－Saxon, Dutch, German and Scandinavian) peoples or their languages 条顿人的, 条顿语的（即盎格鲁撒克逊人、 荷兰人、 德国人及斯堪的那维亚人的）. 2 [usu attrib 通常作定语] showing qualities thought to be typical of German people 有德意志民族特点的; 有德国人风格的: Teutonic thoroughness 德国人做事的彻底精神. text / tekst; tZkst/ n 1 [U] main written or printed part of a book or page (contrasted with notes, diagrams, illustrations, etc) （书或书页的）正文, 本文（与注释、 图表、 插图等相对）: too much text and not enough pictures 文字太多而插图太少 * The index refers the reader to pages in the text. 书的索引为读者列出了正文中的页数. 2 [C] original words of an author, document, etc (contrasted with later revisions, shortened versions, etc)（作者、 文件等的）原文: the full text of the Prime Minister'sspeech 首相讲话的全文 * the problems of establishing the text of `King Lear' 考证《李尔王》原文所遇到的问题 * a corrupt text, eg one altered by mistakes in copying 异文（如因抄写错误而造成的）. 3 [C] sentence or short passage from the Bible, etc used as the subject of a sermon or discussion （引自《圣经》等的）文句（用作讲道的或讨论的题目）: I take as my text... 我要讲的经文是.... 4 [C] book, play, etc prescribed for study or as part of a syllabus （指定要学的或定为教学大纲内容的）书、 戏剧等: `Hamlet' is a set text for A level this year. 《哈姆雷特》是今年高级程度考试中指定的必读书. textual / 5tekstFUEl; `tZkstFJEl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of or in a text 正文的; 本文的; 原文的; 在正文、 原文等中的: textual criticism 原文校勘 * textual errors 原文的错误. textually / －UElI; －JElI/ adv. textbook / 5teksbUk; `tZkst9bJk/ n book givinginstruction in a subject 教科书; 课本: an algebra textbook 代数课本 * [attrib 作定语] a textbook example of how the game should be played, ie worth copying, exemplary 这一比赛的范例（值得效仿、 学习的）. textile / 5tekstaIl; `tZkstaIl/ n (esp pl 尤作复数) woven or machine－knitted fabric 织物; 纺织品: factories producing a range of textiles 生产各种纺织品的工厂 * get a job in textiles 得到在纺织业中的一份工作 * [attrib 作定语] the textile industry 纺织工业. texture / 5tekstFE(r); `tZkstFL/ n 1 [C, U] way a surface, substance or fabric looks or feels to the touch, ie its thickness, firmness, roughness, etc （一物体表面、 物质或织物的）质地, 外观, 手感（如厚薄、 软硬、 粗细等）: the delicate texture of her skin 她细嫩的皮肤 * cement with a fine/coarse texture 光滑的[粗糙的]水泥面 *The cake has a nice light texture. 这蛋糕松软可口. 2 arrangement of the threads in a fabric （织物的）疏密, 松紧: cloth with a loose/close texture 质地疏松[紧密]的布. textured adj (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) having a distinct or specified texture 有独特或所示之外观或质地的: textured (ie not smooth) wallpaper 起纹的壁纸 * The walls have a textured finish. 墙壁上有织纹状饰面. * ,coarse－textured 质地粗糙的. thalidomide / WE5lIdEmaId; WE`lIdE9maId/ n [U] sedativedrug formerly given to pregnant women until it was found that some of them gave birth to babies with deformed limbs 擦里多米德, 反应停（镇静药, 旧时孕妇服用後曾产肢体畸形儿, 已禁用）: [attrib 作定语] a thalidomide child, ie one born deformed in this way 擦里多米德畸形儿. than / TEn; TEn; rare strong form 罕、 强读式 Tn; TAn/ conj (used after a comparative adj or adv to introduce a clause or phrase in which a comparison is expressed 用於形容词或副词的比较级之後, 引导表示比较关系的从句或短语): He's never more annoying than when he's trying to help. 他要是想帮忙就更让人讨厌他. * She's a better player than (she was) last year. 她演得比去年好. * He loves me more than you do. 他比你更爱我. * She should know better than to poke the animal with her umbrella. 她应当知道不该用伞去捅动物. than prep 1 (used before a n or pron to express a comparison 用於名词或代词前表示比较关系): You gave me less than him, ie less than you gave him or (infml) less than he gave me. 你给我的比给他的少（在口语中: 你给我的比他给的少）. * I'm older than her. 我比她年岁大. * Nobody understands the situation betterthan you. 谁也不如你了解情况. * There was more whiskyin it than soda. 那里面的威士忌比苏打水多. 2 (used after more or less and before an expression of time, distance, etc to indicate how long sth takes, how far it is, etc 用於more或less之後和表示时间、 距离等的词语之前, 表明做某事所用的时间、 与某物的距离等): It cost me more than 100. 这个花了我100多英镑. * It never takes more than an hour. 所用的时间从不超过一小时. * He can't be more than fifteen. 他不超过十五岁. * It's less than a mile to the beach. 离海滨不到一英里. thank / WANk; WANk/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (for sth/doing sth) express gratitude to sb 谢谢或感谢某人; 向某人道谢: There's no need to thank me I was only doing my job. 不用谢－－这是我应做的工作. * We thanked them for all their help. 我们感谢他们鼎力相助. * (ironic 反语) He won't thank you (ie He'll be annoyed with you) for leaving him all the washing－up to do. 你把刷锅洗碗的活儿都留给他干, 他不会感谢你（他会生你的气）. 2 (idm 习语) have oneself/sb to thank (for sth) (ironic 反语) be responsible/hold sb responsible (for sth) （对某事）负有责任; 使某人（对某事）负责: She only has herself to thank for what happened. 出了事只能怪她自己. * Who do we have to thank for this fiasco? 我们遭此惨败怨谁呢? I'll thank you for sth/to do sth (used in making politely formal requests or commands 用作提出请求或要求的礼貌用语): I'll thank you for (ie Please give me) that book. 请您把那本书送给我吧. * I'll thank you to mind your business. 请您少管闲事. ,no, `thank you (used to decline an offer, a proposal, etc politely 用以表示婉拒他人的好意、 提议等). thank `God/`goodness/`heaven(s) (used to express relief 用以表示松心或宽慰): Thank God you're safe! 谢天谢地, 你平安无事! thank one's lucky stars be or feel especially fortunate 吉星高照; 感到非常幸运: You can thank your lucky stars (that) you don't have to go to this dreary reception. 你真走运, 不用出席那死气沉沉的招待会. `thank you (used to express gratitude or to accept an offer, a proposal, etc 用以表示感谢或接受他人的好意、 提议等): Thank you for giving me a lift. 谢谢你开车送我一程. * Thank you very much indeed. 真是太感谢你了. thankful / －fl; －fEl/ adj 1 grateful 感谢的; 感激的; 欣慰的: You should be thankful to have escaped/that you have escaped with only minor injuries. 你仅受轻伤而脱险, 应感到欣慰. 2 (idm 习语) be grateful/thankful for small mercies => small. thankfully / －fElI; －fElI/adv 1 in a thankful way 感激地; 欣慰地. 2 (infml 口) I/weare glad; luckily 我[我们]很高兴; 幸运地: Thankfully, it's at last stopped raining. 谢天谢地, 雨总算停了. =>Usage at hopeful 用法见 hopeful. thankfulness n [U]. thankless adj 1 not feeling or expressing gratitude 不感谢的; 不领情的; 忘恩的. 2 (of an action) not likely to win thanks, appreciation or reward for the person performing it （指行为）不可能得到感谢、 感激或报偿的: a thankless role, task 受累不讨好的角色、 工作. thanklessly adv. thanklessness n [U]. thanks n [pl] 1 expressions of gratitude 感谢的表示; 谢意; 谢忱: Thanks are due to all those who helped. 向所有帮过忙的人表示感谢. * My heartfelt thanks to you all. 我谨向各位表示衷心的感谢. * give thanks to God 感谢上帝. 2 (idm 习语) no thanks to sb/sth despite sb/sth 并非某人[某事物]之功: It's no thanks to you (that) we arrived on time your short cuts weren't short cuts at all! 我们及时赶到可并没叨你的光－－你说的近路一点儿也不近! thanks to sb/sth (sometimes ironic 有时作反语) because of sb/sth 由於或因为某人[某事物]: The play succeeded thanks to fine acting by all the cast. 由於全体演员的出色表演, 那出戏才获得成功. * Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多亏这个倒霉天气, 挺好的比赛取消了. a vote of thanks=> vote. interj (infml 口) thank you 谢谢你; 谢谢: `Would you like some more cake?' `No, thanks.' ｀再要点蛋糕吗?＇｀不要了, 谢谢.＇ thanksgiving n [C, U] 1 expression of gratitude, esp to God 感谢（尤指对上帝）; 感恩. 2 Thanksgiving (Day) holiday in the USA (on the fourth Thursday in November) and Canada (on the second Monday in October), originally set apart for giving thanks to God 感恩节（在美国为十一月的第四个星期四, 在加拿大为十月的第二个星期一）. thank－you n expression of thanks 感谢; 致谢: Have you said your thank－yous to Mrs Brown for the party?你参加布朗太太举办的聚会後向她道谢了吗? * She walked away without so much as a thank－you. 她走时连句感谢话都没说. * [attrib 作定语] thank－you letters 感谢信. that / TAt; TAt/ det (pl those / TEUz; Toz/) 1 (used to make a person or thing specific, esp when he/it is seen as distant in space or time from the speaker/writer 用以指人或事物, 尤指在空间或时间上较远的): Look at that man standing there. 瞧站在那儿的那个男子. * That box is bigger than this. 那个盒子比这个大. * How much are those apples at the back? 後边那些苹果多少钱? * Where did that noise come from? 那响声从哪儿来的? * Have you read that book about China? 你读过那本关於中国的书吗? * I was still living with my parents at that time/in those days, ie at that particular time in the past. 我那时还跟父母住在一起. Cf 参看 this. 2 (a) (used to specify a person or thing that is indicated or mentioned 用以指要表明的或要提及的人或事物): Did you see that boy? 你看见那个男孩儿了吗? * He began by writing a thriller. That book sold a million copies. 他是写惊险小说起家的. 那本书卖了一百万册. (b) (used with a n followed by a possessive 与名词连用, 後接物主代词): Did you meet that friend of his? 你见过他的那个朋友吗? * That dress of hers is too short. 她那件连衣裙太短了.3 (used in front of the antecedent of a relative clause 用於关系从句的先行词前): Have you forgotten about that money I lent you last week? 你忘了上星期我借给你的钱了吧? * Those students who failed the exam will have to take it again. 考试不及格的学生需补考. * Who was that man you were talking to? 刚才你正和一个人说话, 他是谁? that adv to that degree; so 达到那样的程度; 如此; 这般: I can't walk that far, ie as far as that. 我可走不了那麽远. * They've spent that much, ie as much as is indicated. 他们花了那些钱. * It's about that long, ie as long as that. 那个东西大约有那麽长. * It isn't all thatcold, ie not as cold as you are suggesting or not extremely cold. 还没冷到那种程度（不像你说的那麽冷或极冷）. that / TAt; TAt/ pron (pl those / TEUz; Toz/) 1 (a) (used to make a thing specific, esp one more distant in space or time than another 用以表示所指的事物, 尤指在空间或时间上较另一事物远的): Those look juicier than these. 那些显得比这些汁液多. * That's a nice hat. 那顶帽子很好. (b) (referring to people, only with the verb be 用以指人, 只能与动词be连用): That's Peter at the bus－stop. 在公共汽车站那儿的那个人是彼得. * Who's that? 那是谁? 2 (used to specify a thing, an event, an idea, etc that is indicated or mentioned 用以指要表明的或要提及的事物、 想法等): Look at that! 看那个! * Do you remember going to Norway? That was a good holiday. 你还记得去挪威的情景吗? 那个假期真好. * Send her some flowers that's the easiest thing to do. 给她送些花儿去－－那是最好办的事. 3 (used as the antecedent of a relative clause 用作关系从句的先行词): Is that what you really think? 你真的那样想吗? * That's what he told me. 他就是那麽跟我说的. * Those who expect the worst are less likely to be disappointed. 把事情想得坏的人, 不容易失望. * Those present were in favour of a change. 出席的人都赞成改一改. * There are those who say (ie Some people say) she should never have been appointed. 有人说根本就不应该委派她. 4 (idm 习语) `that is (to say) (a) which means 就是; 即: He's a local government administrator, that is to say a Civil Servant. 他是地方行政官员, 也就是说是文官. (b) to be specific 确切地: She's a housewife when she's not teaching English, that is. 她是个家庭主妇－－是指她不教英语的时候. ,that's `that (used to indicate the end of a discussion, search, development, etc 用以表示谈论、 调查、 进展等的结束): I take it that's that we've heard your final offer? 我看就这样了－－我们已经了解到你们出的最高价了吧? * So that's that. At last we're all agreed. 就这样了. 我们终於取得了一致的意见. that / TEt; TEt; rare strong form 罕、 强读式 Tt; TAt/ conj 1 (used to introduce a clause that is the subject or object of a v 用以引导主语从句或宾语从句): That the attempt to save her had failed soon became widely known. 想救她而未救成, 此事不久已尽人皆知. * She said that the book was based on a true story. 她说那本书取材於一件真事. * I thought that 13 May would be the date of the election. 我以为5月13日是选举的日子. * It's possible that he hasn't received the letter. 可能他还没收到那封信呢. 2 (rhet 修辞) (used to express wishes and regrets 用以表示愿望和遗憾): Oh that I could see him again! 我真希望能再见到他! * That I should see a child of mine arrested for selling drugs! 我竟然看见自己的孩子因贩毒而被捕! that / TEt; TEt; rare strong form 罕、 强读式 Tt; TAt/ rel pron 关系代词 1 (used to introduce a defining clause after a n, esp referring to things 用以引导名词之後的限定从句, 尤指表示事物的) (a) (as the subject of the v in the clause 在从句中作主语): The letter that came this morning is from my father. 今天早晨收到的那封信是我父亲寄来的. * The clothes that are on the floor are dirty. 地板上的那些衣物是脏的. * The woman that spoke to me in the shop used to live next door. 在商店里跟我说话的那个女人从前就住隔壁. * Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯? (b) (as the object of the v in the clause, but usu omitted in this position 在从句中作宾语, 但通常省略此字): The watch (that) you gave me keeps perfect time. 你给我的那个表走得很准. * Here are the books (that) I borrowed from you a week ago. 这些是我一周前向你借的书. * The person (that) I have to phone lives in India. 我要打电话找的那个人住在印度. (c) (as the object of a prep in the clause, but usu omitted in this position 在从句中作介词宾语, 但通常省略此字): The photographs (that) you're looking at were taken by my brother. 你看的那些相片是我哥哥拍的. * The man (that) I was talking to had just arrived from Canada. 我与之谈话的那个人刚从加拿大来. * These are the children (that) I looked after last summer. 这都是去年夏天我照看的孩子. 2 (used to introduce a clause following superlatives, the only, all, etc 用以引导形容词最高级以及the only、 all等之後的从句): Shakespeare is the greatest English writer that ever lived. 莎士比亚是有史以来最伟大的英国作家. * This is the most expensive watch (that) I've ever owned. 在我所有的表当中, 这个最贵. * The only part of the meal (that) I really liked was the dessert. 这顿饭只有甜食是我爱吃的. * All that I have is yours. 凡我所有都是你的. 3 (used after an expression of time instead of when 用於表示时间的词语之後, 代替when): the year that my father died 我父亲去世的那年 * the day that war broke out 战争爆发的那天. thatch / WAtF; WAtF/ n 1 [C, U] (roof or roof－covering made of) dried straw, reeds, etc 茅草; 乾稻草; 芦苇; 茅草屋顶. 2 [sing] (infml 口) thick growth of hair on the head 浓密的头发. thatch v [Tn] cover (a roof) or roof (a house, etc) with thatch 用茅草盖（屋顶）; 用茅草做（房屋等的）顶: a village hut thatched with palm leaves 用棕榈叶作顶的乡村小屋 * a thatched cottage 用茅草作屋顶的小屋. thatcher n person who puts thatch on a house, etc 用茅草盖屋顶等的人. thaw / WR:; WR/ v 1 (a) [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (out) (cause sth to) pass into an unfrozen or a liquid state after being frozen （使某物）解冻, 融化, 融解: All the snow has thawed. 雪都融化了. * leave frozen food to thaw before cooking it 先让冷冻食物解冻再烹调 * thaw out (the ice in) the pipes 使管道（中的冰）化冻. (b) [I] (used only with it 仅与it连用) (of the weather) become warm enough to melt snow and ice （指天气）（暖和得使冰雪）化冻, 解冻: It's starting to thaw. 天暖得化冻了. =>?sage at water1 用法见water1. 2 [I, Ip] ~ (out) (of people, their behaviour, etc) become less cool or formal in manner （指人、 态度、 行为等）变得温和、 不甚拘礼: After a few drinks the party atmosphere began to thaw (out). 喝过几杯酒之後, 聚会的气氛变得轻松自然了. thaw n (usu sing 通常作单数) (weather that causes) thawing 融化; 融解; 使江河、 土地等解冻的天气: go skating before the thaw 趁著没解冻去溜冰 * A thaw is setting in. 江河渐渐解冻了. * (fig 比喻) a thaw in East－West relations 东西方关系的缓和. the / TE, TI; TE, TI; strong form 强读式 Ti:; Ti/ 见词条使用详细说明 6.2. =>Usage at a2 用法见a2. def art (used to make the following n refer to a specific person, thing, event or group 用於名词前, 表示为特指的人、 物、 事或群体) 1 (when it has already been mentioned or implied 指已提到过的或已知所指的人、 物、 事或群体): A boy and a girl were sitting on a bench. The boy was smiling but the girl looked angry. 一个男孩和一个女孩坐在长凳上. 那男孩在微笑, 那女孩像在生气. * There was an accident here yesterday. A car hit a tree. The driver was killed. 昨天这里出事了. 有一辆汽车撞在树上了. 司机死了. 2 (when a n is followed by a phrase that restricts its meaning 用於後接限定性短语的名词): the centre of town 市中心 * the topic of conversation 谈话的主题 * the man of her dreams 她梦想的男子 * the house that Jack built 杰克盖的房子. 3 (a) (when it has unique reference 用以指独一无二的人或事物): the sun 太阳 * the moon 月亮 * the stars 星星. (b) (used with some parts of the natural world without a preceding adj 与表示自然界某部分之名词连用, 该名词前须无形容词): The sky was blue. 天空是蓝的. (Cf 参看 There was a blue sky.) * The sea is rough. 海上波涛　涌. (Cf 参看 There's a rough sea.) * The atmosphere wasstuffy. 空气不流通. (Cf 参看 There was a stuffy atmosphere.)4 (when the person or thing that is referred to is obvious within the situation 用以指不言而喻的人或事物): The milkman was late this morning. 送牛奶的人今晨来晚了. * Have you seen the paper? 你看见报纸了吗? * The children are in the garden. 孩子都在花园里呢. * Would you pass the salt, please? 劳驾把盐递给我. 5 (used with superlative adjs, first, last, next, etc 与形容词最高级, 以及first、 last、 next等连用): the best day of your life 你一生中最美好的一天 * the hottest day of the holiday 假日中最热的一天 * What was the last thing I said? 我最後说的是什麽? 6 (used with an adj to refer to all members of a class or nationality 与形容词连用, 表示某类或某国的全体分子或成员): trying to do the impossible 试图做做不到的事 * The rich get richer and the poor get poorer. 富的越富, 穷的越穷. * The French are famous for their cooking. 法国人以善烹调著称. 7 (used with a singular [C] n to mean the whole class 与可数名词的单数连用, 指这一类的全体): The chimpanzee is an endangered species. 黑猩猩是濒於灭种的动物. * The poodle is a popular house pet. 卷毛狗是很多人都喜爱的宠物. 8 (used for inventions in general 用以泛指发明的东西): Who invented the zip－fastener? 是谁发明的拉链? * The motor car has been with us for almost a century. 汽车问世已近百年了. * Let's not waste time re－inventing the wheel, ie working to develop sth that has already been produced. 我们别浪费时间再去发明别人已经做出来的东西了. 9 (used in front of a unit of measure to mean `every' 用於量度单位前, 表示｀每一＇): My car does forty miles to the gallon. 我的汽车每加仑汽油跑四十英里. * I work free－lance and am paid by the hour. 我是自由职业者, 按小时计酬. * The price is 50p the dozen. 价格是每打50便士. 10 (used to indicate that the person or thing referred to is well－known or important 用以表明所指的人或事物是出名的或重要的): Michael Crawford? Not `the Michael Crawford? 迈克尔·克劳福德? 莫不是那个迈克尔·克劳福德? * The royal wedding was `the social event of the year. 皇室婚礼是当年社会生活中的大事. 11 (idm 习语) the more, less, etc...the more, less, etc... (used to show that the increase/decrease in one amount or degree of sth continues at the same rate as another 用以表示某事物与另一事物在数量或程度方面以相同的比例增加[减少]): The more she thought about it, the more depressed she became. 她越想越别扭. * The more beautiful the hat, the more expensive it usually is. 帽子越好看, 一般来说价钱就越贵. * I want you out of here, and the sooner the better. 你给我走开, 越快越好. * The less said about the whole affair, the happier I'll be. 对整件事谈得越少我越高兴. the(o)－ comb form 构词成分 of God or a god 上帝的; 神的: theology * theocratic. theatre (US theater) / 5WIEtE(r); `WIEtL/ n 1 [C] buildingor outdoor area for the performance of plays and similar entertainments 戏院; 剧院; 露天剧场: West End theatres 伦敦西区的戏院 * an open－air theatre 露天剧场 * use the school gymnasium as a theatre 用学校的体育馆作剧场. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page ix.2 [C] (a) room or hall for lectures, etc with seats in rows rising one behind another （供演讲等用的）阶梯教室或礼堂. (b) (also `operating－theatre) room in a hospital, etc where surgical operations are performed （医院等处的）手术室: The patient is on her way to (the) theatre. 那个女病人马上就到手术室. * [attrib 作定语] a theatre sister, ie a nurse assisting during operations手术室护士. 3 [C] ~ of sth (rhet 修辞) scene of important events (esp of war) 重大事件发生的场所; （尤指）战场, 战区: the latest theatre of internal conflict 内战的最新战场. 4 (a) [U] dramatic literature or art; the writing, acting and producing of plays 戏剧; 戏剧文学或艺术; 剧本的写作、 演出及上演: a study of Greek theatre 对希腊戏剧的研究 * Do you often go to the theatre (ie go to see a play)? 你常去看戏吗? * The play is well written but it is not/does not make good theatre, ie is not effective when performed. 这个剧本写得很好, 但演出效果不好. (b) the theatre [sing] the theatrical world as a profession or way of life 戏剧界; 戏剧业: She wants to go into the theatre, eg become an actress. 她想入戏剧界（如当演员）. theatrical / WI5trIkl; WI`AtrIkl/ adj 1 [usu attrib 通常作定语] of or for the theatre 戏院的; 剧场的; 戏剧的; 为演出的: theatrical scenery, performances, reviews 戏剧布景、 演出、 评论 * a theatrical company 剧团. 2 (of behaviour) exaggerated in order to create an effect; unnaturally showy; histrionic （指行为）为产生某种效果而夸张的, 做作的, 演戏般的: theatrical gestures 做作的姿势. theatrically / －klI; －klI/ adv. theatricals n [pl] theatrical performances 戏剧演出: amateur theatricals 业余戏剧演出. theatre－goer n person who frequently goes to see plays, etc 经常看戏等的人. theatre－in－the－round n [U] form of dramatic performance with the audience seated around a central stage 圆环形剧场; 圆形舞台; 中心舞台; 岛屿式舞台. theatre weapons weapons that are of intermediate range, between tactical and strategic weapons 中程武器. thee / Ti:; Ti/ pron (arch or dialect 古或方) (object form of thou) 你（thou 的宾格）. theft / Weft; WZft/ n [C, U] (act or instance of) stealing 偷;行窃; 偷窃: A number of thefts have been reported recently. 近来有些偷窃案的报道. * guilty of theft 偷窃罪. their / TeE(r); TZr/ possess det of or belonging to them 他们的; 她们的; 它们的: Their parties are always fun. 他们的聚会总是很有趣. * Their own car is being mended this one is hired. 他们自己的汽车正在修理－－这辆是租的. * Their fame rests entirely on one record. 他们完全是靠著一张唱片出的名. theirs / TeEz; TZrz/ possess pron of or belonging to them 他们的, 她们的, 它们的（所有物）: Theirs are the children with very fair hair. 那些长著金黄头发的是他们的孩子. * It's a favourite place of theirs. 这是他们喜欢的地方. theism / 5Wi:IzEm; `WiIzEm/ n [U] belief in the existence of a God or gods, esp a God revealed to man as the creator and ruler of the universe 有神论. Cf 参看 deism. theist / 5Wi:Ist; `WiIst/ n believer in theism 有神论者. theistic / Wi:5IstIk; Wi`IstIk/, theistical ( /－kl; －kl/) adjs. them / TEm; TEm; strong form 强读式 Tem; TZm/ pers pron 人称代词 1 (used as the object of a v or of a prep; also used independently or after be 用作动词或介词的宾语, 也可单独使用或用於 be 之後): Tell them the news. 把那消息告诉他们. * Give them to me. 把那些东西给我. * Did you eat all of them? 你是否都吃光了? * Oh, them! We needn't worry about them. 哦, 他们哪! 我们用不著为他们担心. 2 (used informally instead of him or her 在口语中用以代替him或her): If a customer comes in before I get back ask them to wait. 我回来之前若有顾客来, 就请他等一会儿. 3 (idm 习语) ,themand `us rich or powerful people contrasted with ordinarypeople like the speaker(s) 有钱或有势的人与寻常百姓（如说此话者）之对比: We should try to get away from a `them and us' attitude in industrial relations. 我们应该努力摆脱劳资关系中｀那群人和我们＇这种对立的态度. Cf 参看 they. thematic / WI5mAtIk; Wi`mAtIk/ adj of or related to a theme(1) 主题的; 题目的; 与主题或题目有关的. thematically / －klI; －klI/ adv. theme / Wi:m; Wim/ n [C] 1 subject of a talk, a piece of writing or a person's thoughts; topic （谈话或写作的）主题; （某人观念的）核心; 题目: The theme of our discussionwas `Europe in the 1980's'. 我们讨论的题目是｀八十年代的欧洲＇. 2 (music 音) melody that is repeated, developed, etc in a composition, or on which variations are composed （乐曲的）主题, 主旋律. 3 (US) (subject set for a) student's essay or exercise 学生的作文或练习（题目）. theme park amusement park in which the entertainments are based on a single idea or group of ideas 专题乐园（有专题娱乐活动的公园）. theme song (also `theme tune) (a) melody that is often repeated in a musical play, film, etc （音乐剧、电影等中的）主题曲, 主题歌. (b) = signature tune (signature). themselves / TEm5selvz; TEm`sZlvz/ reflex, emph pron 反身、 强调代词 (only taking the main stress in sentenceswhen used emphatically 在句中仅於加强语气时方重读) 1 (reflex 反身) (used when the people or animals performing an action are also affected by it 用以指人或动物所施的动作返回到本身): The children can look `after themselves for a couple of hours. 孩子们能照顾自己几个小时. 2 (emph 强调) (used to emphasize they or them 用以强调 they 或 them): They themselves had had a similar experience. 他们自己就曾有过相似的经历. * Denise and Martin paid for it themselves. 丹妮斯和马丁他们自己付的钱. * The teachers were themselves too surprised to comment. 老师们自己惊奇得不知该说什麽好. 3 (idm 习语) by them`selves (a) alone 独自地; 单独地. (b) without help 独力地. then / Ten; TZn/ adv 1 (referring to past or future time 指过去或将来) (a) at that time 当时; 那时; 其时; 届时: We were living in Wales then. 我们那时住在威尔士. * I was still married to my first husband then. 我那时还是跟第一个丈夫保持著婚姻关系. * See you on Thursday we'll be able to discuss it then. 我们星期四见－－到时就可以商量一下了. * Jackie Kennedy, as she then was, was still only in her twenties. 杰基·肯尼迪, 她当时叫这个名字, 还只不过二十多岁. * [attrib 作定语] The then PrimeMinister took her husband with her on all her travels.当时的首相每次外出都与夫偕行. (b) next; after that; afterwards 其後; 然後; 以後; 继之: I'll have soup first and then the chicken. 我想先喝汤再吃鸡. * The liquid turned green and then brown. 那液体先变成绿色, 又变成棕色了. * We had a week in Rome and then went to Vienna. 我们在罗马呆了一个星期, 然後去的维也纳. (c) (used after a prep 用於介词之後) that time 那时: From then on he refused to talk about it. 从那以後他就不再谈这件事了. * We'll have to manage without a TV until then. 我们现在没有电视也得将就著, 到时候就好了. * She'll have retired by then. 她到那时就要退休了. Cf 参看 now. 2 and also 还有; 而且: There are the vegetables to peel and the soup to heat. Then there's the table to lay and the wine to cool. 菜要择, 汤要加热. 还得摆上餐具, 把酒冰镇一下. * I've sent cards to all my family. Then there's your family and the neighbours. 我已给我全家人都寄去了请帖. 还要给你家的人及邻居们寄. 3 in that case; therefore 那麽; 因此: If it's not on the table then it will be in the drawer. 要是不在桌子上, 那就在抽屉里. * Offer to take him out for lunch, then (ie as a result of this) he'll feel in a better mood. 请他出去吃午饭, 那样他心情就会好些. * He'll be looking for a new secretary then? 那麽, 他就要找个新秘书了? 4 (idm 习语) (but) then a`gain (used to introduce a contrasting piece of information 用以谈起另一方面的情况): He's clumsy and untidy but then again he's always willing to help. 他笨手笨脚的又邋遢; 可是话说回来, 他总是乐於助人. then and there => there and then (there). thence / Tens; TZns/ adv (arch or fml 古或文) from there 由彼处; 从那里: They travelled by rail to the coast and thence by boat to America. 他们乘火车到海岸, 再从那里乘船去美国. theocracy / WI5CkrEsI; Wi`BkrEsI/ n (country with a) system of government by priests or a priestly class in which the laws of the State are believed to be the laws of God 僧侣政治, 僧侣统治, 神权政治（的国家）. theocratic / 9WIE5krAtIk; 9WiE`krAtIk/ adj. theodolite / WI5CdElaIt; Wi`Bdl9aIt/ n instrument used by surveyors for measuring horizontal and vertical angles 经纬仪. theology / WI5ClEdVI; Wi`BlEdVI/ n 1 [U] formal study of the nature of God and of the foundations of religious belief 神学; 宗教学; 宗教信仰学: [attrib 作定语] a theology student 研究神学的人. 2 [C] set of religious beliefs; theological system 宗教信仰的理论; 宗教信仰的制度: rival theologies 敌对的宗教信仰理论. theologian / 9WIE5lEUdVEn; 9WiE`lodVEn/ n expert in or student of theology 神学家; 神学研究者. theological / 9WIE5lCdVIkl; 9WiE`lBdVIkl/ adj: theological argument 神学上的争论 * a theological college 神学院. theologically / －klI; －klI/ adv. theorem / 5WIErEm; `WiErEm/ n 1 rule in algebra, etc, esp one expressed as a formula （代数等的）定理（尤指以公式表示的）. 2 mathematical statement to be proved by a chain of reasoning （数学的）命题. theoretical / 9WIE5retIkl; 9WiE`rZtIkl/ adj 1 concerned with the theory of a subject 理论的; 理论上的: a theoretical physicist 理论物理学家 * This book is too theoretical; I need a practical guide. 这本书理论性太强,我需要一本实用手册. Cf 参看 practical 1. 2 supposedbut not necessarily true 假设的: Lendl's strength onclay gives him a theoretical advantage. 兰德尔体格健壮,按说他占些优势. theoretically / －klI; －klI/ adv: Theoretically we could still win, but it's very unlikely. 按道理讲我们还能赢, 但可能性很小. theory / 5WIErI; `WIErI/ n 1 [C] set of reasoned ideas intended to explain facts or events 学说; 理论: Darwin's theory of evolution 达尔文的进化论. 2 [C] opinion or supposition, not necessarily based on reasoning 意见, 揣测（未必基於推理的）: He has a theory that wearing hats makes men go bald. 他有个看法是男人戴帽子就会秃顶. 3 [U] ideas or suppositions in general (contrasted with practice) 想法, 设想（与实践相对）: It sounds fine in theory, but will it work? 道理是不错, 但能否行得通? * In theory, three things could happen, ie there are three possibilities. 推测起来, 有三种可能性. 4 [C, U] (statement of the) principles on which a subject is based 原理; 原则; 论述: studying music theory 学习乐理. theorist / 5WIErIst; `WiE9rIst/ n person who forms theories 理论家. theorize, theorise / 5WIEraIz; `WiE9raIz/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (about sth) form theories 建立理论; 理论化. theosophy / Wi:5CsEfI; Wi`BsEfI/ n [U] (philosophy 哲) any of several systems that aim at a direct knowledge of God by means of meditation, prayer, etc 通神学, 通神论（认为可藉冥想、 祈祷等直接认识神）. theosophical / 9Wi:E5sCfIkl; 9WiE`sBfIkl/ adj. theosophist / Wi:5CsEfIst; Wi`BsEfIst/ n believer in theosophy 通神论者. therapeutic / 9WerE5pju:tIk; 9WZrE`pjutIk/ adj of the art of healing or the curing of disease 治疗术的; 治疗学的;治病的: therapeutic exercises, eg after a surgical operation治疗性的锻炼（如外科手术之後） * the therapeutic effects of sea air 海洋空气的疗效. therapeutically / －klI; －klI/ adv. therapeutics n [sing v] branch of medicine concerned with curing disease 治疗学. therapy / 5WerEpI; `WZrEpI/ n [U] 1 any treatment designedto relieve or cure an illness or a disability 治疗; 疗法: have/undergo therapy 接受治疗 * radio－therapy 放射治疗 * occupational therapy 职业治疗法. 2 physiotherapy 物理疗法. 3 psychotherapy 心理疗法. therapist / 5WerEpIst; `WZrEpIst/ n specialist in aparticular type of therapy （某疗法的）治疗专家: a speechtherapist 语言治疗专家. there / TeE(r); TZr/ adv 1 (a) in, at or to that place 在那里; 往那里: We shall soon be there. 我们很快就到那里. * We are nearly there, ie have nearly arrived. 我们快到了. * If John sits here, Mary can sit there. 约翰要是坐在这儿, 玛丽可以坐在那儿. * We liked the hotel so much that we're going there again this year. 我们很喜欢那个旅馆, 所以今年还要住在那里. (b) (used after a prep 用於介词之後) that place or thing 那里; 那个: Put the keys under there. 把钥匙放在那下面. * They fit in there. 他们在那里很合适. * Go to the church and ask again it's near there. 先去教堂再问一下－－就在那儿附近. Cf 参看 here. 2 at or with reference to that point (in a story, a series of actions, an argument, etc) （在叙述、 行动、 辩论等中）在那一点上, 关於那一点: Don't stop there. What did you do then? 别说到那儿就不说了. 後来你怎麽办了? * There I have to disagree with you, I'm afraid. 很抱歉, 在那一点上我不能同意你的意见. 3 (used for emphasis before some vs, eg go, stand, lie, to show the location of sb/sth, with the subject following the v if it is not a pron 用於某些动词如go、 stand、 lie之前, 以加强语气, 表示某人[某物]的位置, 若句子的主语不是代词, 则置於动词之後): There goes the last bus. 最後一班公共汽车开走了. * There it goes. 它走了. * There it is: just to the right of the church. 就在那儿: 在教堂的右侧. * There you are. I've been waiting for over an hour. 你可来了. 我等了你一个多小时了. 4 (used to call attention to sth 用以引起对某事物的注意): There's the school bell I must run. 听, 上课铃响了－－我得赶紧走了. * (ironic 反语) There's gratitude for you, ie Look how ungrateful he/she is. 瞧, 就这样感激你（看他[她]多不领情）. 5 (a) (used after that + a n for emphasis 用於that+名词之後以加强语气): That woman there is 103. 在那儿的那个女人都103岁了. (b) (used to emphasize a call or greeting 在招唤或寒喧时用以加强语气): You there! Come back! 说你呢! 回来! * Hello there! Lovely to see you again! 嘿! 又见到你了, 真高兴! 6 (idm 习语) ,there and `back to and from a place 往返; 来回: Can I go there and back in a day? 我一天内能打来回吗? ,there and `then; ,then and `there at that time and place 当场立即; 当时当地: I took one look at the car and offered to buy it there and then. 我看了一眼那辆汽车当时就出价买了下来. ,there you `are (a) (used when giving sb a thing he wants or has requested 用於将某人所要的东西给他时): There you are. I've brought your newspaper. 给你. 我把你要的报纸带来了. (b) (used to give reassurance when explaining, demonstrating or commenting on sth 於解释、 示范或说明某事时, 用以加强对方信心): You switch on, wait until the screen turns green, push in the disk and there you are! 你打开开关, 等屏幕变成绿色, 把磁盘推进去就行了! * There you are! I told you it was easy. 就是这样! 我早就说过很容易. ,there you `go/go a`gain (used to comment, usu critically, on a typical example of sb's behaviour 用以褒贬某人一贯的行为): There you go again jumping to conclusions on the slightest evidence. 你又来这一套了－－仅凭一点点证据就匆忙下结论. there interj 1 (used to express triumph, dismay, encouragement, etc 用以表示胜利、 沮丧、 鼓励等): There (now)! What did I tell you? ie You can see that I was right. 瞧! 我怎麽跟你说的? （这回你知道我对了吧.） * There! You've (gone and) woken the baby! 看! 你（一去）把孩子吵醒了! * There! That didn't hurt too much, did it? 哎哟! 不太疼吧? 2 (idm 习语) ,there, `there! (used to comfort a small child 用以安慰幼儿): There, there! Never mind, you'll soon feel better. 好啦, 好啦! 不要紧, 你呆一会儿就好了. there / TE(r); TL; strong form 强读式 TeE(r); TZr/ adv1 (used in place of a subject with be, seem, appear, etc, esp when referring to sb/sth for the first time 与be、 seem、 appear等动词连用代替主语, 尤在首次提及某人[某事物]时使用): There's a man at the bus－stop. 公共汽车站上有一个男人. (Cf 参看 The man is at the bus－stop.) * There's no reason to go. 没有理由去. * There seems (to be) no doubt about it. 此事似乎确切无疑. * There appeared to be nobody willing to help. 看来没人愿意帮忙. * There can be no going back. 不可能返回. * I don't want there to be any misunderstanding. 我可不希望有任何误解. * There comes a time (Cf 参看 The time comes) when dying seems preferable to staying alive. 有的时候觉得死了似乎比活著好. * There once lived a poor farmer who had four sons. 从前有一个穷苦的农夫, 他有四个儿子. 2 (idm 习语) `there's a good boy, girl, dog, etc (used to praise or encourage small children or animals 用以夸奖或鼓励幼儿或小动物): Finish your tea, there's a good boy. 把茶喝完了吧, 乖孩子. thereabouts / 5TeErEbaUts; `TZrE9baJts/ (also US thereabout / 5TeErEbaUt; `TZrE9baJt/) adv (usu after or 通常用於 or 之後) 1 somewhere near there 在附近的某地: The factory is in Leeds or somewhere thereabouts. 那工厂在利兹, 也许在利兹附近. 2 near that number, quantity, time, etc 近於（某数目、 数量、 时间等）; 大约; 左右: I'll be home at 8 o'clock or thereabouts. 我8点钟回家, 8点左右吧. thereafter / 9TeEr5B:ftE(r); ?@ －5Af－; TZr`AftL/ adv (fml 文) after that 此後; 其後: You will be accompanied as far as the border; thereafter you must find your own way. 有人送你到边境, 然後你就得自己走了. thereby / 9TeE5baI; TZr`baI/ adv (fml 文) by that means 藉以; 从而; 由此: They paid cash, thereby avoiding interestcharges. 他们付的是现金, 以免付利息. therefore / 5TeEfR:(r); `TZr9fRr/ adv for that reason 为此; 因此; 所以. therein / 9TeEr5In; TZr`In/ adv (fml or law 文或律) (a) inthat place 在那里; 在其中: the house and all the possessionstherein 那所房子及其中一切财产. (b) in that respect 在那方面; 在那一点上: Therein lies the crux of the matter. 问题的关键就在那里. thereinafter / 9TeErIn5B:ftE(r); ?@ －5Af－; 9TZrIn`AftL/ adv (law 律) in that part (of a document, etc) that follows 在（文件等的）下部分; 在下文中. thereof / 9TeEr5Cv; TZr`Bv/ adv (fml or law 文或律) of that; of it 由是; 由此; 它的; 其. thereto / 9TeE5tu:; TZr`tu/ adv (fml or law 文或律) to that; to it 附之; 随附: the agreement and the documents appended thereto 协议及附件. thereunder / 9TeEr5QndE(r); TZr`QndL/ adv (fml or law 文或律) under that part (esp of a document, etc) 在那部分（尤指文件等的）之後; 在其下. thereupon / 9TeErE5pCn; 9TZrE`pBn/ adv (fml 文) 1 as the result of that 於是; 因此. 2 immediately after that 随即. therm / W\:m; W[m/ n unit of heat, used esp in measuring a gas supply (= 1000000 British thermal units) 撒姆（热量单位, 等於1000000英国热量单位, 尤用以计算煤气供应量）. therm(o)－ comb form 构词成分 of heat 热的: thermonuclear* thermometer. thermal / 5W\:ml; `W[ml/ adj [esp attrib 尤作定语] 1 ofheat 热的; 热量的: thermal insulation 热绝缘 * a ,thermal`power station, ie one using heat to generate electricity 热电站 * thermal units, ie for measuring heat 热量单位. 2 warm or hot 温暖的; 热的: thermal springs 温泉. 3 (of clothes) designed to keep the wearer warm in cold weather （指衣物）保暖的, 防寒的: thermal underwear 保暖的内衣. thermal n rising current of warm air (as used by a glider to gain height) 热气流（如滑翔机藉以上升的）. thermal capacity (physics 物) number of units of heat needed to raise the temperature of a body by one degree 热容量. thermionic / 9W\:mI5CnIk; 9W[mI`BnIk/ adj of that branchof physics that deals with the emission of electrons at high temperatures 热离子学的. thermionic valve (US ,thermionic `tube) vacuumtube in which a flow of electrons is emitted by heated electrodes, used in the receiving of radio signals, etc 热离子管. thermocouple / 5W\:mEUkQpl; `W[mo9kQpl/ n device formeasuring temperatures by means of the thermoelectricvoltage developing between two pieces of wire of differentmetals joined to each other at each end 热电偶; 温差电偶. thermodynamics / 9W\:mEUdaI5nAmIks; 9W[modaI`nAmIks/ n [sing v] branch of physics dealing with the relations between heat and other forms of energy 热力学. =>App 11 见附录 11. thermoelectric / 9W\:mEUI5lektrIk; 9W[moI`lZktrIk/ adj producing electricity by difference of temperature 热电的; 温差电的. thermometer / WE5mCmItE(r); WE`mBmEtL/ n instrumentfor measuring temperature 温度计; 寒暑表; 体温表. =>illus at bulb 见 bulb 插图. thermonuclear / 9W\:mEU5nju:klIE(r); ?@ －5nu:klIEr;9W[mo`nuklIL/ adj of nuclear reactions that occur only at very high temperatures 热核反应的; 热核的: a thermonuclear bomb, missile, warhead, etc, ie one using such reactions 热核炸弹、 导弹、 弹头等. thermoplastic / 9W\:mEU5plAstIk; 9W[mo`plAstIk/ n, adj (plastic substance) that becomes soft and easy to bend when heated and hardens when cooled 热塑性的; 热塑性物质; 热塑塑料. Thermos / 5W\:mEs; `W[mEs/ n (also `Thermos flask, US `Thermos bottle) (propr 专利名) type of vacuum flask 保温瓶; 暖水瓶; 冰瓶. thermosetting / 9W\:mEU5setIN; `W[mo9sZtIN/ adj (of plastics) becoming permanently hard when heated （指塑料）热固的, 热硬性的. thermostat / 5W\:mEstAt; `W[mE9stAt/ n device for automatically regulating temperature by cutting off orrestoring a supply of heat (eg in a centrally－heated building,an oven, etc) 恒温器（如中央供暖的建筑物、 烤箱等中的）. thermostatic / 9W\:mE5stAtIk; 9W[mE`stAtIk/ adv: thermostatic control 恒温控制. thermostatically /－klI; －klI/ adv: thermostatically controlled 恒温控制的. thesaurus / WI5sR:rEs; WI`sRrEs/ n (pl ~es / －rEsIz; －rEsIz/ or thesauri / WI5sR:raI; WI`sRraI/) 1 book containing listsof words and phrases grouped according to their meanings 语词典; 同类语词典; 同义语词典. 2 dictionary containing words of a certain type 同类词词典; 分类词典: a thesaurus of slang 俚语词典. these => this. thesis / 5Wi:sIs; `WisIs/ n (pl theses / 5Wi:si:z; `Wisiz/) 1 statement or theory put forward and supported by arguments 论题; 论文. 2 long written essay submitted by a candidate for a university degree; dissertation 毕业论文; 学位论文. Thespian (also thespian) / 5WespIEn; `WZspIEn/ adj (joc or rhet 谑或修辞) of acting or the theatre 表演的; 演出的; 戏剧的. Thespian n (also thespian) (joc or rhet 谑或修辞) actor or actress 演员. they / TeI; Te/ pers pron 人称代词 (used as the subjectof a v 用作动词的主体) 1 people, animals or things mentioned earlier or being observed now （已经提到过的或正涉及到的）人、 动物或事物; 他们; 她们; 它们: `Where are John and Mary?' `They went for a walk.' ｀约翰和玛丽呢?＇｀他们散步去了.＇ * I've got two sisters. They'reboth doctors. 我有两个姐姐. 她们都是医生. * They (eg The things you are carrying) go on the bottom shelf. 这些东西（如你拿著的）放在架子的底层上. 2 (used informally instead of he or she 在口语中用以代替he或she): If anyone arrives late they'll have to wait outside. 谁要是迟到, 他就得在外面等著. =>Usage at he 用法见he. 3 people in general 人们: They say we're going to have a hot summer. 人家说今年夏天很热. * They've (ie The people in authority have) sent us another form to fill in. 上面（负责人）又送来一个表格让我们填写. Cf 参看 them. they'd / TeId; Ted/ contracted form 缩约式 1 they had => have. 2 they would => will1, would2. they'll / TeIl; Tel/ contracted form 缩约式 they will => will1. they're / TeE(r); Ter/ contracted form 缩约式 they are => be. they've / TeIv; Tev/ contracted form 缩约式 they have => have. thick / WIk; WIk/ adj (－er, －est) 1 of relatively great distance or of a specified distance between opposite surfaces or sides 厚的; 粗的: a thick slice of bread 厚厚的一片面包 * a thick line 一条粗线 * ice three inches thick 三英寸厚的冰 * a thick coat, pullover, etc, ie made of thick material 厚大衣、 套头毛衣等. 2 having a large number of units close together 稠密的; 密集的; 茂密的: a thick forest 密林 * thick hair 浓密的头发 * in the thickest part of the crowd 人群中最稠密之处. 3 (of a liquid or paste) relatively stiff in consistency; not flowing easily （指液体或糊状物）浓的, 黏稠的: thick soup, paint, glue 浓汤、 稠油漆、 黏胶. 4 (of a vapour or the atmosphere) not clear; dense （指汽、 烟、 雾或空气）不清澈的, 混浊的, 浓的: thick fog, mist, cloud 浓雾、 重雾、 密云 * thick darkness 昏暗. 5 (a) (of the voice) unclear, eg because one has a cold; indistinct （指嗓音）不清楚的（如因伤风所致）. (b) (of an accent) very noticeable; strong （指口音）很明显的, 重的: speak with/in a thick brogue 说话带很重的土腔. 6 (infml 口) stupid; dull 愚笨的; 迟钝的. 7 ~ (with sb) (infml 口) intimate 亲密的: John is very thick with Anne. 约翰和安很亲近. 8 (idm 习语) a bit thick => bit1. blood is thicker than water => blood1. give sb/get a thick `ear (sl 俚) punish sb/be punished with a blow, esp on the ear (causing it to swell) 打耳光惩罚某人[受惩罚而吃耳光]（尤指打肿耳朵）. have, etc a thick `head (infml 口) (a) be dull or stupid 迟钝的; 愚笨的. (b) be suffering from a headache, hangover, etc 头疼、 过量饮酒後的不适等: I woke up with a very thick head this morning. 我早晨醒来觉得头昏昏沉沉的. have a thin/thick skin => skin. (as) thick as `thieves (infml 口) (of two or more people) very friendly （指人与人）非常亲密, 要好. (as) thick as two short `planks (sl 俚) very stupid 非常愚笨. (have) a thick `skull (infml 口) (show) a lack of intelligence 笨头笨脑: How can I get it into your thick skull (ie make you understand) that we can't afford a car? 我怎麽才能让你木头脑瓜开窍, 明白我们买不起汽车呢? (be) thick with sth/sb densely covered or filled with things or people 布满或充满某物; 挤满人: a garden thick with flowers 鲜花繁茂的花园 * The building was thick with reporters. 大楼里挤满了记者. thick adv 1 thickly 厚厚地; 密密地; 浓浓地: Don't spread the butter too thick. 别把黄油涂得太厚. * snow lying thick on the ground 地上厚厚的积雪. 2 (idm 习语) lay it on `thick/with a `trowel (infml 口) make sth seem bigger, worse, etc than it really is; exaggerate 使某事物似比原来的大、 坏等; 夸大. ,thick and `fast rapidlyand in great numbers 又快又多: Offers of help are coming in thick and fast. 四面八方立即伸出援助之手. thick n [U] 1 (idm 习语) in the thick of sth in the busiest or most crowded part of sth 某事物最繁忙的或最拥挤的部分: He's always in the thick of it/things. 他总是哪里最忙就在哪里. * We were in the thick of the fight. 我们那时正在酣战. 2 through ,thick and `thin in spite of all the difficulties 不顾艰难: He remained loyal to me through thick and thin. 他历尽艰辛始终都忠实於我. thicken / 5WIkEn; `WIkEn/ v [I, Tn] 1 (cause sth to) become thicker （使某物）变得厚、 密、 浓、 混浊不清等: when the sauce thickens 沙司变浓时 * The fog is thickening. 雾渐渐重了. * Use flour to thicken the gravy. 加面粉使肉汁浓稠. * Several drinks had thickened his voice. 他喝了几杯酒以後嗓音变得沙哑了. 2 (idm 习语) the plot thickens => plot2. thickening / 5WIkEnIN;`WIkEnIN/ n [U] material or substance used to thicken sth 使某物变浓的材料或物质; 增稠剂. thickly adv. thickness n 1 [U] quality or degree of being thick 厚、 密、 浓、 混浊等（的程度）: 4cm in thickness/a thickness of 4cm 厚4厘米[4厘米的厚度]. 2 [C] layer 层: one thickness of cotton wool and two thicknesses of felt 一层棉絮及两层毛毡. 3 [C] part (of sth) that is thick or between two opposite surfaces （某物的）较厚的或夹在两层中间的部分: steps cut into the thickness of the wall 在墙的横断面凿出的台阶. thick－headed adj stupid 愚笨的. thickset adj (a) having a short stout body; solidly built 矮胖的; 身体结实的. (b) (of a hedge) with the bushes growing closely together （指树篱）茂密的. thick－skinned adj not sensitive to criticism or insults 脸皮厚的; 对批评或侮辱感觉迟钝的. thicket / 5WIkIt; `WIkIt/ n mass of shrubs and small trees, etc growing close together 灌木丛. thief / Wi:f; Wif/ n (pl thieves / Wi:vz; Wivz/) 1 person who steals, esp secretly and without violence 贼; 小偷; 窃贼. Cf 参看 burglar, robber (rob). 2 (idm 习语) honour among thieves => honour1. like a thief in the night without being seen or expected; furtively 偷偷摸摸的; 鬼鬼祟祟的. procrastination is the thief of time => procrastination (procrastinate). ,set a ,thief to `catch a thief (saying 谚) a person who has been a criminal is the best person to catch or prevent another person of the same type 用贼捉贼; 以毒攻毒. thick as thieves => thick. thieve / Wi:v; Wiv/ v (a) [I] be a thief 做贼; 当小偷: a life of thieving 终生行窃 * (joc 谑) Take your thieving hands off my radio! 你那双贼手别碰我的收音机! (b) [Tn] steal (sth) 偷窃（某物）. thievery / 5Wi:vErI; `WivErI/ n [U] stealing; theft 偷窃; 做贼. thievish adj having the character or habits of a thief 有偷窃行为或习惯的. thievishly adv. thigh / WaI; WaI/ n (a) part of the human leg between the knee and the hip （人的）股, 大腿. =>illus at human 见 human 插图. (b) corresponding part of the hind legs of other animals 动物後腿的相应部分. thigh－bone n bone of this part of the leg; femur 股骨. thimble / 5WImbl; `WImbl/ n small cap of metal, plastic, etc worn on the end of the finger to protect it and push the needle in sewing 顶针. thimbleful / －fUl; －9fJl/ n very small quantity, esp of liquid to drink 微量（尤指饮料的）: Just a thimbleful of sherry, please. 劳驾, 来一点点雪利酒. thin / WIn; WIn/ adj (－nner / 5WInE(r); `WInL/, －nnest / 5WInIst;`WInIst/) 1 having opposite surfaces relatively close together; of small diameter 薄的; 细的: a thin sheet of metal 一张薄金属板 * That ice is too thin to stand on. 那冰很薄, 经不住踩. * a thin wire 细的金属丝 * a thin layer of glue 薄薄的一层胶 * The rope was wearing thin in one place. 那条绳子上有一处磨细了. * a thin cotton dress, ie one made out of thin material 薄棉布连衣裙. 2 not having much flesh; lean 肉少的; 瘦的: He's tall and rather thin. 他个子高而且很瘦. * Her illness had left her looking pale and thin. 她病後显得苍白、 清瘦. Cf 参看 fat1 2. =>Usage 见所附用法. 3 lacking density 稀薄的: a thin mist, haze, etc 薄雾、 霾等. 4 having units that are not closely packed together or numerous 稀疏的; 稀少的: His hair's/He's getting rather thin on top, ie He is starting to go bald. 他渐渐歇顶了（他头顶的头发逐渐稀少）. * The population is thin in this part of the country. 该国的那一地区人口稀少. * a thin audience 寥寥可数的观众. 5 (of a liquid or paste) lacking substance; watery （指液体或糊状物）稀薄的, 多水的: thin soup, stew, gravy, etc 稀汤、 稀汁炖肉、 稀肉汁. 6 (fig 比喻) of poor quality or lacking some important ingredient; feeble 质量差的; 缺乏某些重要成分的; 弱的; 无力的: thin humour 肤浅的幽默 * a thin (ie unconvincing) excuse 站不住脚的藉口 * a thin disguise, ie one that is easily seen through 易为人识破的伪装 * The critics found her latest novel rather thin. 书评家认为她最近写的那部小说没什麽意思. 7 (idm 习语) be skating on thin ice => skate1. have a thin/thick skin => skin. have a thin `time (of it) (infml 口) be uncomfortable or disappointed 不舒服的; 不好受的; 失望的; 受挫的: The team's been having a thin time (of it) recently －－ not a single win in two months. 那个队近来日子不好过－－两个月里一场都没赢. the thin end of the `wedge event,action, demand, etc that seems unimportant but is likely to lead to others that are much more important, serious, etc 可能引起重大、 严重等结果的小事、 小的行动、 小的要求等: Unions regard the government's intention to ban overtime as the thin end of the wedge. 工会认为政府禁止加班的用意是老鼠拉木　, 大头在後边. (be) thin on the `ground not numerous; scarce 不多的; 少的. through thick and thin => thick. vanish, etc into thin `air disappear completely 完全消失. wear thin => wear2. thin adv thinly 薄; 细; 瘦; 稀疏: The bread is cut too thin. 那面包切得太薄了. thin v (－nn－) 1 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (out) (cause sth to) become less dense or fewer in number （使某事物）变得稀或少: wait until the fog thins (out) 等到雾变薄些 * The traffic was thinning out. 来往车辆渐渐稀少了. * War and disease had thinned the population. 战争和疾病已使人口减少. * thin out seedlings, ie remove some to improve the growth of the rest 间苗. 2 (phr v) thin down become slimmer 变瘦; 变苗条: He's thinned down a lot since he went on a diet. 他自从节制饮食以来已经瘦了不少. thin sth down make sth thinner 使某物变薄、 细、 稀等: thin down paint with white spirit 用石油溶剂稀释油漆. thinly adv in a thin manner 薄; 细; 瘦; 稀疏: Spread the butter thinly. 薄薄地涂一层黄油. * thinly－sliced ham 切成薄片的火腿. thinner / 5WInE(r); `WInL/ (also thinners) n [U] substance for diluting paint, etc 稀释剂; 稀料. thinness / 5WInnIs; `WInnIs/ n [U] thin NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Compare thin, skinny,underweight, slim, etc. 试比较thin、 skinny、underweight、 slim等词的用法. When describing people whose weight is below normal, thin is the most general word. 指人的体重低於标准时, thin是最常用的词. It may be negative, suggesting weakness or lack of health 该词可含贬义, 指虚弱或不健康: She's gone terribly thin since her operation. 她动过手术以後瘦得很厉害. Bony is often applied to parts of the body such as hands or face. *bony一词常用来修饰人体的某部分, 如手或脸. Skinny and scrawny are negative and can suggest lack of strength *skinny和scrawny都是贬义词, 表示无力: He looks much too skinny/scrawny to be a weight－lifter. 他瘦骨嶙峋的, 当不了举重运动员. Underweight is the most neutral *underweight最无褒贬含义: The doctor says I'm underweight. 医生说我的体重低於标准. Emaciated indicates a serious condition resulting from starvation. *emaciated指因饥饿造成的严重状况. It is often thought desirable to be slim or slender, slim being used especially of those who have reduced their weight by diet or exercise *slim或slender常为心向 往之的, slim一词尤用於描述经节食或锻炼来减轻体重的人: I wish I was as slim as you. 但愿我能像你一样苗条. * You have a beautifully slender figure. 你的体形十分苗条. thine / TaIn; TaIn/ possess pron (arch 古) the thing(s) belonging to you 你的（所有物）. thine possess det (arch 古) (form of thy before a vowel or an h *thy 的另一形式, 用於元音字母前或以 h 开始的字母前) of or belonging to you; your 你的. thing / WIN; WIN/ n 1 [C] any unnamed object 东西; 物: What's that thing on the table? 桌子上的那个东西是什麽? * There wasn't a thing (ie There was nothing) to eat. 没有可吃的东西. * She's very fond of sweet things, ie sweet kinds of food. 她很爱吃甜食. * I haven't a thing to wear, ie I have no suitable clothes. 我没有可穿的衣服. 2 things [pl] (a) personal belongings, clothing, etc 个人的所有物、 衣物等: Don't forget your swimming things, ie swim－suit, towel, etc. 别忘了带游泳用品. * Have you packed your things for the journey? 你收拾好旅行用的东西了吗? * Put your things (eg coat, hat) on and let's go. 你把衣帽穿戴起来, 咱们走吧. (b) tools, implements, etc 工具、 器具等: my painting things 我的绘画用具 * wash up the tea－things, eg plates, cups, cutlery 清洗茶具（如杯碟、 刀叉）. (c) circumstances or conditions 形势; 情况: Things are going from bad to worse. 事态越来越糟了. * Think things over before you decide. 你要先把一切考虑好再做决定. * You mustn't take things so seriously. 你不要把情况看得那麽严重. (d) (with an adj following 後接形容词) all that can be so described （所使用的形容词所描述的）一切事物: interested in things Japanese 对日本的一切事物都感兴趣. (e) (law 律) property 财产. 3 [C] (a) task, course of action, etc 任务、 工作、 做法等: a difficult thing to do 难做的事 * The general, common, usual, established, etc thing is to... 一般的、 普通的、 通常的、 传统的等做法是.... (b) fact, subject, etc 事实、 事情、 题目、 主题等: The main thing to remember is... 要记住的主要事实是.... * There's another thing I want to ask you about. 我想再问你一件事. * I find the whole thing very boring. 我觉得整个事情让人烦透了. 4 [C] (used of a person or an animal, expressing affection, pity, contempt, etc 用於指人或动物, 表示可爱、 怜悯、 轻视等): What a sweet little thing your daughter is! 你女儿真是个可爱的小姑娘! * My cat's been very ill, poor old thing. 我的猫病得挺厉害, 真可怜. * You stupid thing! 你这蠢货! 5 the thing [sing] what is appropriate, suitable or most important 适当的、 合适的或很重要的事物: A holiday will be just the thing for you. 你现在需要的就是放假. * The thing is not to interrupt him while he's talking. 要紧的是他说话的时候不要打断他的话. * say the right/ wrong thing 说话得体[不得体] * The main thing is to get more orders. 关键问题是要多弄到些定单. * The thing about her is that she is completely honest. 她这个人最重要一点就是十分诚实. 6 (idm 习语) ,all things con`sidered when one considers every aspect of a problem, situation, etc 考虑到问题、 情况等的各个方面: All things considered, we're doing quite well. 从各方面的情况看, 我们目前干得挺好. as things `stand in the present set of circumstances就目前情况看: As things stand, we won't finish the job on time. 据目前情况看, 我们不能按时完成任务了. be a good thing (that)... be fortunate that... 幸运的是...: It's a good thing we brought the umbrella. 幸亏我们带伞了. be on to a good `thing (infml 口) have found a job or style of life that is pleasant, well paid, etc 找到了挣钱多的工作或愉快的生活方式等. be `seeing things (infml 口) have hallucinations 产生幻觉: Am I seeing things or is that Bill over there? I thought he was dead. 是我看花眼了呢, 还是在那儿的人是比尔呢?我以为他死了. a close/near `thing a fine balance between success and failure, life and death, doing or not doing sth, etc （成败、 生死、 做与不做某事等）险些非此即彼: We just managed to win, but it was a close thing. 我们好不容易才获胜, 真险哪. do one's own `thing (infml 口) follow one's own interests and inclinations; be independent 照个人的爱好和意愿行事; 独立自主; 不受约束. first/last `thing early in the morning/late in the evening 一早[夜晚最後]（做的事）: I always take the dog for a short walk last thing before going to bed. 我总是在晚上就寝以前带狗去散散步. first things first => first1. for `one thing (used to introduce a reason for sth 用以引出某事的理由): For one thing, I've no money; and for another I'm too busy. 一来我没钱, 二来我太忙. have a thing about sb/sth (infml 口) (a) be obsessed by sb/sth 对某人[某事物]耿耿於怀. (b) have a prejudice against sb/sth 对某人[某事物]有偏见: I've got a thing about men with beards. 我腻味留胡子的人. know a thing or two => know. make a `thing of sth (infml 口) make a fuss about sth 对某事物小题大做: I don't want to make a (big) thing of it but you have been late for work three times this week. 我并非想小题大做, 但你本星期上班已迟到三次了. not know the first thingabout sth => know. (just) ,one of those `things an unfortunate event, experience, etc that one must accept as unavoidable 难免的倒霉事、 经历等. one (damned, etc) thing after a`nother a succession of unpleasant or unwelcome happenings 不愉快的或讨厌的事情连续发生. other things being `equal provided that circumstances elsewhere remain the same 假若其他情况相同. sure thing => sure. take it/things easy => easy2. taking ,one thing with a`nother considering every aspect of the situation 考虑情况的各个方面. the ,thing `is the question to be considered is 要考虑的问题是: The thing is, can we afford a holiday? 问题在於我们能否付得起度假的费用? a ,thing of the `past thing that is old－fashioned or out of date 老式的或过时的事物: The art of writing letters seems to be a thing of the past. 讲求写信的技巧似已过时. ,things that go ,bump in the `night (joc 谑) strange or frightening noises, etc 奇怪的或可怕的声音等. what with ,one thing and a`nother (infml 口) because of various duties, commitments, happenings, etc 因为各种任务、 承诺、 事情等: What with one thing and another, I forgot to tell you we couldn't come. 因为事情很多, 弄得我忘记告诉你我们不能来了. thingummy / 5WINEmI; `WINEmI/ (also thingumajig / 5WINEmEdVIg; `WINEmE9dVI^/, thingumabob / 5WINEmEbCb;`WINEmE9bBb/, thingy / 5WINI; `WINI/ ) n (infml 口) personor thing whose name one does not know or has forgottenor does not wish to mention 某人, 某物（其名不详或已忘记或不愿提及）. think / WINk; WINk/ v (pt, pp thought / WR:t; WRt/) 1 [I, Ipr]~ (about sth) use the mind in an active way to form connected ideas 想; 思索; 思考: Are animals able to think? 动物能思考吗? * Think before you act, ie Do not act hastily or rashly. 先思而後行. * Let me think a moment, ie Give me time to think before I answer. 让我考虑一下. * He may not say much but he thinks a lot. 别看他说得不多, 但他想得很多. * Do you think in English or translate mentally from your own language? 你是用英语思考呢, 还是在头脑中把自己的语言翻译过来呢? * You're very quiet what are you thinking (about)? 你静静的不出声, 想什麽呢? 2 [Tf, Tw no passive 不用於被动语态, Cn.t esp passive 尤用於被动语态, Cn.a, Cn.n] have as an idea or opinion; consider 认为; 以为: `Do you think (that) it's going to rain?' `Yes, I think so.' ｀你认为会下雨吗?＇｀我想可能下.＇ * `It's going to rain, I think.' `Oh, I don't think so.' ｀我看快要下雨了.＇｀嗳, 我看下不了.＇ * I think you're very brave. 我认为你很勇敢. * I think this is their house but I'm not sure. 我想这是他们家, 但不敢肯定. * Do you think it likely/that it is likely? 你认为这事可能吗? * I thought I heard a scream. 我好像听到了一声尖叫. * What do you think she'll do now? 现在你认为她要干什麽? * Who do you think you are? ie Why are you behaving in this overbearing, etc way? 你以为你很了不起吗? * a species long thought to be extinct 早就认为已经灭绝的种类 * He's thought to be one of the richest men in Europe. 人们认为他是欧洲最大的富翁之一. * You must think me very silly. 你准认为我很蠢. * Some people think him a possible future champion. 有些人认为他可能是未来的冠军. 3 [Tf] have or form as an intention or plan 有意; 打算; 计画: I think I'll go for a swim. 我想游泳去. * It is thought that the Prime Minister will visit Moscow next month. 据估计首相於下月访问莫斯科. 4 [Tw no passive 不用於被动语态] (used in negative sentences with can/could 用於否定句, 与can/could连用) form an idea of; imagine 料想; 想像: I can't think what you mean. 我想像不出你是什麽意思. * We couldn't think where she'd gone to. 我们想不出来她到哪里去了. * You can't `think how glad I am to see you! 你无法想像我见到你有多高兴! 5 [Tw no passive 不用於被动语态] take into consideration; reflect 考虑; 深思; 细想: Think how nice it would be to see them again. 想想能再次见到他们该有多好哇. * I was just thinking (to myself) what a long way it is. 我刚才还在琢磨著这条路多长啊. 6 [Tn, Tf, Tt] expect (sth) 预料到, 料想到（某事）: Who'd have thought it? eg of a surprising event 谁能料到有这样的事呢? * I never thought (that) I'd see her again. 我从未想到还能见到她. * Who would havethought to find you here? 谁能料到你在这儿呢? 7 [I, Tn](infml 口 esp US) direct one's thoughts in a certain manner or to (a subject) 朝某一方面想; 专想（某件事）: Let's think positive. 我们往好的方面想想吧. * If you want to make money you've got to think money. 你要是想赚钱, 脑子里就得想著钱. 8 (idm 习语) I `thought as much that is what I expected or suspected 我就是这麽想的; 果然不出我所料. see/think fit => fit1. ,think a`gain reconsider the situation and change one's idea or intention 重新考虑情况并改变想法或意图: If you think I'm going to lend you my car you can think again!你要是以为我能把汽车借给你, 你还是另打主意吧! think a`loud express one's thoughts as they occur 边想边说出声来; 自言自语. think better of (doing) sth decide against (doing) sth after thinking further about it （深思後）决定不采纳某事物或不做某事. think (all) the better of sb have a higher opinion of sb 对某人有更高的评价. think nothing `of it (used as a polite response to apologies, thanks, etc 用作回应道歉、 感谢等的客气话). think nothing of sth/doing sth consider(doing) sth to be normal and not particularly unusual认为（做）某事很平常、 不特殊: She thinks nothing of walking thirty miles a day. 她觉得一天走三十英里无所谓. think twice about sth/doing sth think carefully before deciding to do sth 认真考虑後再决定做某事: You should think twice about employing someone you've never met. 你要雇用素未谋面的人应三思而行. think the world, highly, a lot, not much, poorly, little, etc of sb/sth (not used in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态) have a good, poor, etc opinion of sb/sth对某人[某事物]评价高、 不高等: His work is highly thought of by the critics. 他的作品深受评论家推崇. * I don't think much of my new teacher. 我认为我们的新老师不怎麽样. 9 (phr v) think about sb/sth (a) reflect upon sb/sth; recall sb/sth 回想或想起某人[某事]: Do you ever think about your childhood? 你是否回忆过童年的事? (b) take sb/sth into account; consider sb/sth 考虑到某人[某事物]: Don't you ever think about other people? 你从来就不考虑考虑别人吗? * All he ever thinks about is money. 他想的只是钱. think about sth/doing sthconsider or examine sth to see if it is desirable, practicable,etc 考虑或盘算某事（看是否可取、 可行等）: I'll think about it and let you know tomorrow. 我要把这事仔细想想, 明天再给你回话. * She's thinking about changing her job. 她正考虑要换个工作. think ahead (to sth) cast one's mind forward; anticipate(an event, a situation, etc) 预想, 预见（某事、 某情况等）. think back (to sth) recall and reconsider sth in the past 想起并重新考虑（过去的）某事; 反思. think for oneself form one's opinions, make decisions, etc independently 独立思考（形成看法、 做出决定等）. think of sth/doing sth (a) take sth into account; consider sth 考虑到某事物: There are so many things to think of before we decide. 我们要考虑到许多方面然後才能做决定. * You can't expect me to think of everything! 你不能指望我把什麽事都想到了! (b) contemplate the possibility of sth (without reaching a decision or taking action) 考虑某事的可能性（未做出决定亦未采取行动）: They're thinking of moving to America. 他们有意移居美国. * I did think of resigning, but I decided not to.我原来确实打算辞职, 但後来打消了这个念头. (c) imagine sth 想像某事物: Just think of the expense! 想想这笔开销吧! * To think of his not knowing (ie How surprising that he didn't know) about it! 想想看, 他对此事竟一无所知! (d) have the idea of sth 对某事物有见解 (often used with could, would, should, and not or never 常与could、 would、 should及not、 never连用): I couldn't think of letting you take the blame. 我没想到过能让你承担责任. * She would never think of marrying someone so old. 她从未想过嫁给年纪这麽大的人. (e) call sth to mind; remember sth 想起或记得某事物: I can't think of his name at the moment. 我一时想不起他的名字了. (f) put sth forward; suggest sth 提出或建议某事: Can anybody think of a way to raise money? 有人能想出筹款的办法吗? * Who first thought of the idea? 是谁先出的这个主意? think sth out consider sth carefully; produce (an idea, etc) by thinking 仔细思考某事; 想出（主意等）: Think out your answer before you start writing. 要想好答案再动笔. * a well－thought out plan 考虑周详的计画. think sth over reflect upon sth (esp before reaching a decision) 慎重思考某事（尤指做出决定之前）: Please think over what I've said. 请仔细考虑我说的话. * I'd like more time to think things over. 我要多用些时间把事情好好想想. think sth through consider (a problem, etc) fully 全面地考虑（问题等）. think sth up (infml 口) produce sth by thought; invent or devise sth 想出、 发明出或设计出某事物: There's no telling what he'll think up next. 谁也不知道他下次会想出什麽花样. * Can't you think up a better excuse than that? 难道你想不出比这个藉口更像样的了吗? think－tank n [CGp] organization or group of expertsproviding advice and ideas on national or commercial problems （国家的或商业的）智囊团, 专家小组. think / WINk; WINk/ n (infml 口) 1 [sing] act of thinking 思索; 思考; 考虑: I'd better have a think before I decide. 我最好还是先想想再做决定. 2 (idm 习语) have(got) another think coming must revise one's opinions,plans, etc; be forced to think again 必须修改个人的意见、 计画等; 不得不重新考虑: If you think I'm going to pay all your bills you've got another think coming. 你要是以为我会替你付清帐单, 你还是再琢磨琢磨去吧. thinkable / 5WINkEbl; `WINkEbl/ adj [pred 作表语] (usuwith a negative 通常与否定词连用) that can be imagined; conceivable 可想像出来; 可想像: Unemployment has reached a level that would not have been thinkable ten years ago. 失业问题已达到严重地步, 在十年前是难以想像的. thinker / 5WINkE(r); `WINkL/ n (usu with an adj 通常与形容词连用) person who thinks deeply or in a specified way 深思的人; 用某方式思维的人; 思想家: a great, an original, an important, etc thinker 伟大的、 有创见的、 卓越的...思想家. thinking / 5WINkIN; `WINkIN/ adj [attrib 作定语] intelligent; rational; thoughtful 思想的; 理性的; 有思考力的: All thinking people must hate violence. 凡是有理智的人都憎恶暴力行为. thinking n 1 [U] thought; reasoning 思想; 思考: do some hard thinking, ie think deeply 深思 * What's your thinking on (ie What do you think about) this question? 你对这个问题有什麽想法? 2 (idm 习语) to `my way of thinking => way1; Cf 参看 wishful thinking (wish). thinking－cap n (idm 习语) put one's `thinking－cap on (infml 口) try to solve a problem by thinking about it 经思考而努力去解决问题. third / W\:d; W[d/ pron, det 3rd; next after second 第 3, 第三（个）. =>App 4 见附录4. third n 1 one of three equal parts of sth 三分之一. 2 ~ (in sth) (Brit) third class of university degree 大学的三级荣誉学位: get a third in biology at Durham 获达勒姆大学生物系三级荣誉学位. thirdly adv in the third position or place 第三位; 第三点. =>Usage at first2 用法见 first2. third degree long and severe questioning; use of torture to make sb confess or give information 疲劳讯问; 刑讯; 逼供. third degree burn very serious burn on the skin 三度烧伤. the third dimension the dimension of height 第三维（指高度）. third party another person besides the two main peopleinvolved 第三者. third－party insurance insurance that gives protection against damage or injury caused by the insured person to other people 第三者责任保险. third－rate adj of very poor quality 三流的; 三等的; 劣质的: a ,third－rate `film 差劲的电影. the Third World the developing countries of Africa,Asia and Latin America, esp those not politically alignedwith Communist or Western nations 第三世界: [attrib 作定语] ,third－world `countries 第三世界国家. For the uses of third see the examples at fifth. 关於 third 的用法见 fifth 词条中的示例. thirst / W\:st; W[st/ n 1 (a) [U, sing] feeling caused by a desire or need to drink 渴: quench (ie satisfy) one's thirst with a long drink of water 喝很多水来解渴 * Working in the sun soon gave us a (powerful) thirst. 我们在烈日下干活儿, 很快就觉得渴（极）了. (b) [U] suffering caused by this 渴: They lost their way in the desert and died of thirst. 他们在沙漠中迷路而渴死了. 2 [sing] ~ (for sth) (fig 比喻) strong desire; craving 热望; 渴望; 渴求: a/the thirst for knowledge, fame, revenge 渴求知识、 渴望成名、 决心复仇. thirst v 1 [I] (arch 古) feel a need to drink 渴. 2 (phr v) thirst for sth be eager for sth 渴求某事物: thirsting for revenge 一定要报仇. thirsty adj (－ier, －iest) 1 ~ (for sth) feeling thirst 渴的: be/feel thirsty 感到渴 * Salty food makes you thirsty. 吃了咸的就觉得渴. * (fig 比喻) The team is thirsty for success. 该队渴望获得成功. 2 ~ (for sth) (of land) in need of water （指土地）缺水的, 乾旱的: fields thirsty for rain 乾旱缺雨的田地. 3 (infml 口) causing thirst 使人渴的: thirsty work 让人觉得渴的工作. thirstily / －IlI; －IlI/ adv: They drank thirstily. 他们渴得大喝一阵. thirteen / 9W\:5ti:n; W[`tin/ pron, det 13; one more than twelve 13, 十三（个）. =>App 4 见附录4. thirteen n the number 13 *13; 十三. thirteenth / 9W\:5ti:nW; W[`tinW/ pron, det 13th; next after twelfth 第 13, 第十三（个）. n one of thirteen equal parts of sth 十三分之一. For the uses of thirteen and thirteenth see five and fifth. 关於thirteen和thirteenth的用法见five和fifth词条中的示例. thirty / 5W\:tI; `W[tI/ pron, det 30; one more than twenty－nine 30, 三十（个）. =>App 4 见附录4. thirtieth / 5W\:tIEW; `W[tIIW/ pron, det 30th; next after twenty－ninth 第 30, 第三十（个）. n one of thirty equal parts of sth 三十分之一. thirty n 1 [C] the number 30 *30; 三十. 2 the thirties n [pl] numbers, years or temperature from 30 to 39 从 30 到 39 的数目、 年数或温度. 3 (idm 习语) in one's thirties between the ages of 30 and 40 在 30 岁到 40 岁之间. For the uses of thirty and thirtieth see the examples at fifty, five and fifth. 关於 thirty 和 thirtieth 的用法见 fifty、 five 和 fifth 词条中的示例. this / TIs; TIs/ det, pron (pl these / Ti:z; Tiz/) 1 (used to refer to a person, a thing, a place or an event that is close to the speaker/writer, esp when compared with another 用以指较近的人、 物、 地方或事情, 尤用於与他者比较时): Come here and look at this picture. 过来看看这幅画. * These shoes are more comfortable than those. 这双鞋比那双穿著舒服. * Is this the book you mean? 这是你说的那本书吗? * Would you give her these? 你要把这些给她吗? * What's all this noise about? 这些响声是怎麽回事? * What's this I hear about your getting married? 我听说你结婚了, 这是怎麽回事? * This is my husband. 这是我丈夫. 2 (used to refer to sb/sth previously mentioned 用以指前面提到过的某人[某事物]): Jane wrote a letter to a newspaper. This letter contained some startling allegations. 简给报社写了封信. 这封信里有些极其严重的指责. 3 (used to introduce sth 用以引出某事物): Listen to this: a boy in London has died of rabies. 你听听这件事: 伦敦有一个男孩儿得狂犬病死了. * Do it like this, ie in this way. 照这样去做.4 (used with days or periods of time related to the present 与包括现在的日子或一段时间的词语连用): this (ie the current) week, month, year, etc 本周、 月、 年等 * this morning, ie today in the morning 今晨 * this Tuesday, ie Tuesday of this week 这个星期二 * this minute, ie now 现在 * these days, ie currently; recently 近来. =>Usage at last1 用法见last1. 5 (infml 口) (used in front of a n followed by a possessive 用於後接属有格的名词之前): When are we going to see this car of yours? 我们什麽时候去看你这辆汽车? * These jeans of mine are dirty. 我的这条牛仔裤脏了. * This friend of hers is said to be very rich. 她的这个朋友据说很有钱.6 (infml 口) (used to refer to people and things in a narrative 用以指叙述中的人或事物) a certain 某一个: There was this peculiar man sitting opposite me in the train. 在火车上有个挺特别的男人坐在我对面. 7 (idm 习语) ,this and `that; ,this, that and the `other various things, activities, etc 各种各样的事物、 活动等: `What did you talk about?' `Oh, this and that.' ｀你刚才谈什麽来著?＇｀噢, 东一件事西一件事什麽都谈.＇ this adv to this degree; so 到此程度; 如此: It's about this high. 大约有这麽高. * I didn't think we'd get this far, ie as far as this. 我没想到我们会走这麽远. * Can you afford this much (ie as much as this)? 你花得起这麽多钱吗? Cf 参看 that1, 2. thistle / 5WIsl; `WIsl/ n any of various types of wild plant with prickly leaves and purple, white or yellow flowers (the national emblem of Scotland) 蓟（野生, 叶有刺, 花呈紫色、 白色或黄色, 为苏格兰的民族象徵）. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page ii. thistledown n [U] light fluff that contains thistle seeds and is blown from thistle plants by the wind 蓟种子冠毛: as light as thistledown 轻如蓟的冠毛. thither / 5TITE(r); `TITL/ adv 1 (arch 古) to or towards that place 到那里; 向那里. 2 (idm 习语) hither and thither => hither. tho' => though. thole / WEUl; Wol/ (also `thole－pin) n peg set in the gunwale of a boat to keep an oar secure 桨叉; 桨耳. Cf 参看 rowlock. thong / WCN; ?@ WR:N; WRN/ n 1 narrow strip of leather used as a fastening, whip, etc （用以系物、 作鞭子等的）窄长的皮带. 2 (?@) = flip－flop. thorax / 5WR:rAks; `WorAks/ n (pl ~es or thoraces / WR:5reIsi:z; `WorE9siz/) 1 part of the body between the neck and the abdomen (eg, in man, the chest) 胸（如人的）. 2 middle of the three main sections of an insect (bearing the legs and wings) （昆虫的）胸部. =>illus at insect 见 insect 插图. thorn / WR:n; WRrn/ n 1 [C] sharp pointed growth on the stem of a plant （植物的）刺, 棘刺: The thorns on the roses scratched her hands. 玫瑰上的刺把她的手划了. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page ii. 2 [C, U] (usu in compounds 通常用以构成复合词) thorny tree or shrub 带刺的树; 荆棘: `hawthorn 山楂 * `blackthorn 黑刺李 * [attrib 作定语] a thorn hedge 荆刺树篱. 3 (idm 习语) a thorn in one's flesh/side person or thing that continually annoys or hinders one 不断惹人烦恼或造成妨碍的人或事物: He's been a thorn in my side ever since he joined this department. 他自从到了这个部门就总让我不得安生. thorny adj (－ier, －iest) 1 having thorns 有刺的; 多刺的. 2 (fig 比喻) causing difficulty or disagreement 造成困难的; 引起不合的: a thorny problem, subject, issue, etc 棘手的问题. thorough / 5WQrE; ?@ 5WQrEU; `WQro/ adj 1 (a) [usu attrib 通常作定语] done completely and with great attention to detail; not superficial 彻底的; 完全的; 细致的; 深入的: aim to provide a thorough training in all aspects of the work 旨在为这项工作提供各方面的严格训练 * give the room a thorough cleaning 把房间彻底打扫一番. (b) doing things in this way 做事彻底的、 全面的、 细致的或深入的: He's a slow worker but very thorough. 他做事慢, 但非常仔细. 2 [attrib 作定语] (derog 贬) utter; complete 十足的; 彻头彻尾的: That woman is a thorough nuisance. 那个女人讨厌透了. thoroughly adv: The work had not been done very thoroughly. 这工作做得不太彻底. * He's a thoroughly nice person. 他是个大好人.* I'm thoroughly fed up with you. 我觉得你烦透了. thoroughness n [U]. thoroughgoing adj [attrib 作定语] thorough (1a, 2) 做事彻底的、 全面的、 细致的或深入的: a thoroughgoing revision 认真仔细的校订 * It was all a thoroughgoing waste of time. 那完全是浪费时间. thoroughbred / 5WQrEbred; `WQrE9brZd/ (also `pure－bred) n, adj (animal, esp a horse) of pure or pedigree stock 纯种的; 纯种动物（尤指马）: breeding thoroughbred racehorses 饲养纯种赛马. thoroughfare / 5WQrEfeE(r); `W[o9fZr/ n public road or street that is open at both ends, esp for traffic 大道;大街; 通衢: The Strand is one of London's busiest thoroughfares. 斯特兰德大街是伦敦最热闹的要道之一. * No thoroughfare, ie on a sign, indicating that a road is private or that there is no way through 此路不通（告示字样, 指为私人的或无法通过的路） those => that1, 2. thou / TaU; TaJ/ pers pron 人称代词 (arch 古) (used as the second person singular subject of a v 用作第二人称单数动词的主体) you 汝; 你: Who art thou? 汝何人也? though (also tho) / TEU; To/ conj 1 (more formal when used at the beginning of the sentence 用於句首时较为庄重) despite the fact that; although 虽然; 虽则; 尽管: She won first prize, though none of us had expected it. 她得了头奖, 虽然这件事我们都没想到. * Strange though it may seem..., ie Although it seems strange... 尽管这事似乎很奇怪... * Though they lack official support they continue their struggle. 他们虽然没有得到官方的支持, 但仍继续奋斗. 2 (used to introduce a clause at the end of a sentence 用以引出位於句末的从句) all thesame; but 然而; 但是; 可是; 不过: I'll try to come, thoughI doubt if I'll be there on time. 我尽量来, 但不敢说能准时到. * He'll probably say no, though it's worth trying. 他很可能不同意, 但不妨去试探一下. =>Usage at although 用法见 although. though adv (infml 口) in spite of this; however 虽然如此; 然而; 但是; 可是; 不过: I expect you're right I'll ask him, though. 我认为你说得对－－我去问问他也好. * She promised to phone. I heard nothing, though. 她答应要打电话来. 可我没听到回信儿. thought pt, pp of think1. thought / WR:t; WRt/ n 1 [U, C] (act, power or process of) thinking 思索; 思考; 思维能力; 思考的过程: He spentseveral minutes in thought before deciding. 他考虑了几分钟才做决定. * deep/lost in thought, ie concentrating so much on one's thoughts that one is unaware of one's surroundings 沉思 * a thought－provoking book, ie one that makes one think seriously about what is in it 发人深思的书 * Her thoughts turned/She turned her thoughts to (ie She started to think about) what the children were doing. 她的思维转到孩子们正在做的事情上. 2 [U]way of thinking that is characteristic of a particular period,class, nation, etc （某一时期、 阶级、 国家等的）思想, 思潮: modern, scientific, Greek thought 现代、 科学、 希腊思想. 3 [U, C] ~ (for sb/sth) consideration; care 考虑; 顾虑; 关注: He acted without thought. 他行事欠思量. * I've read your proposal and given it some serious thought. 我看了你的建议也认真考虑过了. * Spare a thought for those less fortunate than you. 关心一下比你困苦的人. * I don't need your help, thank you, but it was a kind thought. 我倒并不需要你帮忙, 但你的好意我心领了. 4 [C often pl 常作复数] idea or opinion produced by thinking 看法; 想法; 意见: an article full of striking thoughts 有许多卓越见解的文章 * That boy hasn't a thought in his head, ie is stupid. 那孩子没脑子（很笨）. * Let me have your thoughts on (ie Tell what you think about) the subject. 让我听听你对这个问题的看法. * He keeps his thoughts to himself, ie does not reveal what he is thinking. 他把自己的想法闷在心里. * It's not difficult to read your thoughts, ie to know what you're thinking. 不难看出你的意思. * `How will we findthe house if we don't know the address?' `That's a thought.'｀我们要是不知道地址, 怎麽能找到那座房子呢?＇｀这倒是个事儿.＇ 5 [U] ~ (of doing sth) intention 意向; 意图: I had no thought of hurting your feelings. 我无意伤你的感情. * You can give up all/any thought of marrying Tom. 你一定要断了嫁给汤姆的念头. * Didn't you have some thought of going to Spain this summer? 你想过今年夏天去西班牙吗? * The thought of resigning never crossed my mind, ie never occurred to me. 我从来没想过要辞职. 6 a thought [sing] a little; rather 一点儿; 有点儿; 稍微: You might be a thought more considerate of other people. 你该多想著点儿别人. 7 (idm 习语) food for thought => food. a penny for your thoughts => penny. perish the thought => perish. read sb's mind/thoughts => read5. second `thoughts (US second `thought) change of opinion after reconsidering （经重新考虑後）改变的想法: We had second thoughts about buying the house when we discovered the price. 我们知道了房价以後, 对买这所房子一事又另有想法了. * On second thoughts I think I'd better go now. 我又一想, 认为最好是立刻就走. a school of thought => school1. the wish is father to the thought => wishn. thoughtful / －fl; －fEl/ adj 1 thinking deeply; absorbedin thought 深思的; 思考的: thoughtful looks 沉思的表情. 2 (of a book, writer, remark, etc) showing signs of careful thought （指书、 作家、 言语等）经缜密思考的.3 showing thought2(3) for the needs of others; considerate 顾及他人需要的; 体谅的; 体贴的; 关切的: It was very thoughtful of you to send flowers. 你送花来, 想得真周到. thoughtfully / －fElI; －fElI/ adv. thoughtfulness n [U]. thoughtless adj 1 not aware of the possible effects or consequences of one's actions, etc; careless 考虑不周的; 粗心大意的. 2 inconsiderate of others; selfish 不顾及他人的; 自私的. thoughtlessly adv. thoughtlessness n [U]. thought－reader n person who claims or seems to know what people are thinking without these thoughts being expressed in words （自称）能揣摩别人思想的人; 似能解人心思的人. thousand / 5WaUznd; `WaJznd/ pron, det 1 (after a or one, an indication of quantity; no pl form 用於a或one之後表示数量, 无复数形式) 1000; ten hundred 1000, 千（个）: (infml 口) I've got a thousand and one (ie many) things to do. 我有许多事要做. =>App 4 见附录4. 2 (idm 习语) one, etc in a thousand = one, etc in a million (million). thousand n (sing after a or one, but often pl 用於 a 或 one 之後时作单数, 但常用其复数形式) the number 1000 *1000; 千. thousandfold / －fEUld; －9fold/ adj, adv one thousand times as much or as many 千倍的; 成千倍. thousandth / 5WaUznW; `WaJznW/ pron, det 1000th; next after nine hundred and ninety－ninth 第1000, 第一千（个）. n one of one thousand equal parts of sth 千分之一. Thousand Island dressing salad dressing made of mayonnaise with ketchup and chopped pickles, etc 千岛色拉酱（用蛋黄酱、 番茄酱、 碎泡菜等配制的）. For the uses of thousand and thousandth see the examplesat hundred and hundredth. 关於 thousand 和 thousandth 的用法见 hundred 和 hundredth 词条中的示例. thrash / WrAF; WrAF/ v 1 [Tn] beat (a person or an animal) with a stick or whip, esp as a punishment （用棍或鞭）打或抽（人或动物）（尤指惩罚）. 2 [Tn] hit (sth) with repeated blows 连续击打（某物）: The whale thrashed the water with its tail. 那条鲸鱼不住地用尾巴击水. 3 [Tn] defeat (sb) thoroughly in a contest （在比赛中）彻底击败（某人）: Chelsea were thrashed 6－1 by Leeds. 切尔西队被利兹队以6比1打得一败涂地. 4 [I, Ip] ~(about/around) make violent or convulsive movements激烈地运动、 活动或移动: Swimmers thrashing about in the water. 游泳的人在水中用力打水. 5 [Tn] = thresh. 6 (phr v) thrash sth out (a) discuss sth thoroughly and frankly 深入而坦率地商讨某事: call a meeting to thrash out the problem 召集会议深入讨论该问题. (b) produce sth by discussion of this kind 藉深入而坦率的商讨产生某事物: After much argument we thrashed out a plan. 我们经充分地讨论制定出一个计画. thrashing n 1 beating 打; 殴打: give sb/get a good thrashing 痛打某人[挨狠打]. 2 severe defeat 大败; 惨败: Leeds celebrated their 6－1 thrashing of Chelsea. 利兹队欢庆以6比1大胜切尔西队. thread / Wred; WrZd/ n 1 [C, U] (length of) spun cotton, wool, silk, etc; thin strand of nylon, etc （一段）棉、 毛、 丝等线; 细股尼龙等: loose threads 未捻紧的线 * a needle and thread, ie for sewing 针线（用於缝纫的） * a robe embroidered with gold thread 用金线　的长袍.2 [C] ~ (of sth) (fig 比喻) very thin thing resembling a thread 细如线状的东西: fine threads of red in the marble 大理石上的红色线状花纹 * A thread of light emerged from the keyhole. 从钥匙孔透出一线亮光.3 [C] (fig 比喻) line of thought connecting parts of a story, etc （贯穿故事等各部分的）线索, 脉络: pick/take up the thread(s), ie continue after an interruption 接上 线（中断後的联系） * The chairman gathered up the threads of the debate, ie summarized what had been said. 主席把辩论中的各种意见概括了一下. 4 [C] spiral ridge of a screw or bolt 螺纹. =>illus at screw 见screw插图. 5 threads [pl] (US sl 俚) clothes 衣物; 衣服.6 (idm 习语) hang by a hair/a single thread => hang1. lose the thread => lose. thread v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] (a) pass thread, string, etcthrough (sth) 将线、 细绳、 带子等穿过（某物）; 纫: threada needle (with cotton) （用线）纫针. (b) put (beads, etc) on a thread, etc 将（珠子等）穿在线等上: threading pearls (on a string) to make a necklace 把珍珠穿（在绳）上做项链. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] pass (film, tape, string, etc) through sth and into the required position for use 将（影片、 带子、 绳子等）穿过某物置於备用位置: thread film in(to a projector) 把影片装进（放映机里）去 * thread the wire through (the pulley) 把金属丝穿进（滑轮）去. 3 (idm 习语) thread one's way through (sth) go carefully or with difficulty through (sth) 小心地穿过或挤过（某物）: threading my way through the crowded streets （我）小心地穿过拥挤的街道. threadlike adj resembling a thread; long and slender 如线般的; 细长的: threadlike strands of glass fibre 线一般细的玻璃纤维. threadbare / －beE(r); －9bZr/ adj 1 (of cloth, clothing,etc) worn thin; shabby （指织物、 衣服等）磨薄的, 破旧的: a threadbare carpet, coat 破烂的地毯、 大衣. 2 (fig 比喻) too often used or too well known to be effective; hackneyed 因经常使用或尽人皆知而无效力的; 陈腐的: a threadbare argument, joke, plot 陈旧的论点、 笑话、 情节. threat / Wret; WrZt/ n 1 [C, U] expression of one's intention to punish or harm sb, esp if he does not obey 恐吓; 威胁: make/utter threats (against sb) （对某人）恐吓 * carry out a threat (to do sth) 威胁（要做某事） * an empty threat, ie one that cannot be put into effect 虚张声势的威胁 * He is impervious to threat(s). 他不怕恐吓. 2 [C usu sing, U 作可数名词时通常作单数, 亦作不可数名词] ~ (to sb/sth) (of sth) indication or warning of future danger, trouble, etc （对险阻等的）前兆, 预兆: This constitutes a threat to national security. 这对国家安全是不祥之兆. * a country living under the constant threat of famine 生活在饥馑之灾长期笼罩下的国家 * some threat of rain 有雨的某些徵兆 * The railway is under threat of closure. 那条铁路有停止运营的迹象. 3 [C usu sing 通常作单数] person or thing regarded as likely to cause danger or ruin 可能造成危险或损害的人或事物: Terrorism is a threat to the whole country. 恐怖主义是整个国家的祸根. threaten / Wretn; `WrZtn/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (with sth) make a threat or threats against sb; try to influence sb by threats 恐吓或威胁某人: threaten an employee with dismissal 以开除要挟雇员 * My attacker threatened me with a gun. 攻击我的人用枪威胁我. 2 [Tn, Tt] use (sth) as a threat 用（某事）相要挟: He threatened legal action. 他以起诉相要挟. * The hijackers threatened to kill all the passengers if their demands were not met. 劫机者扬言若不满足他们的要求, 就把乘客都杀死. 3(a) [It, Tn] give warning of (sth) 预示（某事）: It keeps threatening to snow, ie Snow seems likely all the time. 天总像是要下雪. * The clouds threatened rain. 有乌云预示要下雨. (b) [I, It] seem likely to occur or to do sth undesirable 似将发生; 似将做出令人不快的事: under a threatening sky 在阴沉的天空下 * If a gale threatens, do not go to sea. 假若要起风, 就不要出海. * a mistake that threatens to be costly 可能造成重大损失的错误. 4 [Tn] be a threat to (sb/sth) 对（某人[某事]）构成威胁: the dangers that threaten us 威胁著我们的种种危险 * a species threatened by/with extinction 有灭绝之虞的物种.> threateningly adv: The dog growled at me threateningly.那条狗对著我狂吠, 很吓人. three / Wri:; Wri/ pron, det 1 3; one more than two 3, 三（个）. =>App 4 见附录4. 2 (idm 习语) by/in twos and threes => two. three n the number 3 *3; 三. three－ (in compounds 用以构成复合词) having three of the thing specified 具有三个所示之事物: a ,three－cornered `hat 三角帽 * a ,three－day event 三日赛（全面马术测验竞赛）. three－decker n 1 (formerly) sailing－ship with three decks （旧时）三层甲板船. 2 anything with three layers, esp a sandwich or a cake 任何三层之物（尤指三明治或蛋糕）. three－dimensional (also three－D, 3－D / 9Wri:5di:;9Wri `di/) adj having the three dimensions of length, breadth and depth 有三度空间的; 立体的; 三维的: a ,three－dimensional `object 立体物体. threefold adj, adv three times as much or as many 三重（的）; 三倍（的）. three－legged race / 9Wri:legId 5reIs; 9Wri`lZ^Id `res/ race in which competitors run in pairs, the right leg of one runner being tied to the left leg of the other 三足赛跑（参赛者两人一组, 将一人左腿与另一人右腿绑在一起跑）. three－line whip (Brit) written notice to Members of Parliament from their party leader insisting that they attend a debate and vote in a particular way （政党领袖要求本党议员出席辩论并按指示投票的）书面通知. threepence / 9Wri:5pens, formerly 旧时读作 5Wrepns;`WrIpEns, `WrZpEns/ n [U] (Brit) (esp formerly) sum of three pence （尤指旧时）三便士. threepenny / 5WrepEnI, 5WrQpEnI; `WripEnI/ [attrib 作定语] (Brit) costing or worth three pence 三便士的. threepenny bit / 9WrepnI 5bIt; 9Wri9pEnI `bIt/ former British coin worth three pence （英国旧时的）三便士硬币. three－piece adj consisting of three separate pieces 三件一套的: a ,three－piece `suit, ie a set of clothes consisting of a skirt or trousers, a blouse and a jacket for a woman, or trousers, a waistcoat and a jacket for a man 三件式套服（女服为裙或裤加衬衫和外套, 男服为西装衣裤加西装背心） * a ,three－piece `suite, ie a set of three pieces of furniture (usu a sofa and two armchairs) 三件一套的家具（通常指一个长沙发和两个单座沙发）. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page xvi. three－point turn method of turning a car, etc in a small space by driving forwards, then backwards, then forwards again 三点掉头（汽车等窄路掉头法, 先向前、 再退後、 再向前而成）. three－ply adj (of wool, wood, etc) having three strands or thicknesses （指毛线、 木材等）三股的, 三层的. three－quarter adj [attrib 作定语] consisting of three quarters of a whole 四分之三的: a three－quarter length coat 短大衣. n (in Rugby football) player with a position between the half－backs and the full－back （英式橄榄球）中卫. the three Rs =>R n. threescore det (arch 古) sixty 六十. threesome / 5Wri:sEm; `WrisEm/ n 1 group of three people; trio 三人一组; 三个一组. 2 game played by three people 三人玩的游戏或比赛. For the uses of three see the examples at five. 关於 three 的用法见 five 词条中的示例. thresh / WreF; WrZF/ v [I, Tn] beat out or separate (grain) from husks of wheat, etc using a machine or (esp formerly) an implement held in the hand （用机器）脱粒; （尤指旧时以手持工具）打麦等. thresher n person or machine that threshes 打谷者; 脱粒机. threshold / 5WreFhEUld; `WrZFhold/ n 1 piece of wood or stone forming the bottom of a doorway 门槛. 2 entrance of a house, etc （房屋等的）门口: cross the threshold, ie enter 跨过门槛（进入）. 3 (usu sing 通常作单数) (fig 比喻) point of entering or beginning sth 入门; 起点; 开端: He was on the threshold of his career. 他的事业刚刚起步. * at the threshold of a new era in medicine 医学领域新时代的开端. 4 (medical or psychology 医或心) limit below which a person does not react to a stimulus 阈: above/below the threshold of consciousness 阈上[下]知觉 * have a high/low pain threshold, ie be able to endure much/little pain, eg during illness 有很高[低]的痛觉阈. threw pt of throw1. thrift / WrIft; WrIft/ n [U] 1 careful or economical use of money or resources 节俭; 节约. 2 (also sea－pink) seashore or alpine plant with bright pink flowers 海石竹（沿海或高山植物, 开鲜艳的粉红色花）. thrifty adj (－ier, －iest) showing thrift; economical 节俭的; 节约的. thriftily / －IlI; －IlI/ adv. thriftiness n [U]. thrill / WrIl; WrIl/ n 1 (a) wave of excited feeling; nervoustremor 兴奋; 激动; 紧张; 震颤: a thrill of joy, fear, horror,etc 一阵欢乐、 害怕、 恐怖等 * He gets his thrills from rock－climbing. 他从攀岩运动中得到兴奋、 刺激的感受. * With a thrill I realized that I had won. 我意识到自己获得了胜利, 心里一阵激动. (b) experience causing this 引起激动等的经历: It was a real thrill to meet the Queen. 能见到女王的确是令人兴奋的事. * the thrill of a lifetime 一生中最令人激动的经历. 2 (idm 习语) (the) thrills and spills excitement caused by taking part in or watching dangerous sports or entertainments （参加或观看危险的文体活动或表演所感受的）紧张和刺激. thrill v 1 [Tn, Tnt esp passive 尤用於被动语态] cause (sb) to feel a thrill or thrills 使（某人）感到兴奋或激动: a thrilling experience 令人激动的经历 * The film thrilled the audience. 那部电影对观众很有刺激性. * I was thrilled by her beauty. 她花容月貌教我一见倾心. * We were thrilled to hear your wonderful news. 我们听到你的好消息非常兴奋. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (with sth) feel a thrill or thrills 感到兴奋或激动: a film to make you thrill with excitement 使人兴奋已极的电影. 3 (idm 习语) (be) thrilled to `bits (infml 口) (be) extremely pleased 非常愉快: The children were thrilled to bits by their presents. 孩子们得到礼物高兴极了. thriller n novel, play or film with an exciting and gripping plot, esp one involving crime 情节扣人心弦的小说、 戏剧或电影（尤指关於罪案的）: [attrib 作定语] a thriller writer 写惊险故事的作家. thrive / WraIv; WraIv/ v (pt thrived or throve / WrEUv; Wrov/,pp thrived or, in archaic use, 古语拼作 thriven / 5WrIvn; `WrIvEn/) [I, Ipr] ~ (on sth) grow or develop well and vigorously; prosper 茁壮成长; 蓬勃发展; 繁荣: a thriving industry 蓬勃发展的工业 * A business cannot thrive without investment. 企业缺少了投资就不会兴旺. * He thrives on criticism. 他接受批评而不断进步. throat / WrEUt; Wrot/ n 1 front part of the neck 颈（脖子的前面部分）: grab sb by the throat 掐住某人的颈部. 2 passage in the neck through which food passes to the stomach and air passes to the lungs 咽; 咽头; 咽喉; 喉咙; 嗓子: clear one's throat, ie by coughing, to remove phlegm or hoarseness 清清嗓子 * A fish bone has stuck in my throat. 一根鱼刺卡在我嗓子里了. * The victim's throat had been cut. 遇害者喉咙被割断了. =>illus 见插图. 3 (idm 习语) cut one's own `throat (infml 口) act in such a way as to harm oneself or one's interests, by being foolish, stubborn, etc （因愚蠢、 顽固等）做损害自己或自己利益的事, 卡自己的脖子. force, thrust, ram, etc sth down sb's `throat (infml 口) try to make sb accept or listen to (one's views, beliefs, etc) 勉强某人接受或听取（观点、 信仰等）: I do dislike having her extremist ideas rammed down my throat. 我十分厌恶她强加於我的那些偏激观念. have, etc a frog in one's throat => frog. have, etc a lump in one's/the throat => lump1. jump down sb's throat => jump2. lie in/through one's teeth/throat => lie1. stick in one's throat => stick2. throaty adj (－ier, －iest) (a) uttered deep in the throat; guttural 喉音的; 发自喉部的: a throaty laugh 低沉的笑声. (b) sounding hoarse 声音嘶哑的: a throaty cough 沙哑的咳嗽声. throatily / －IlI; －IlI/ adv. throatiness n [U]. throb / WrCb; WrBb/ v (－bb－) [I, Ipr] ~ (with sth) 1 (of the heart, pulse, etc) beat, esp faster or stronger than usual （指心脏、 脉搏等）跳动（尤指跳动较快或较强）; 悸动; 搏动: His head throbbed, ie He had a bad headache.他头痛得很厉害. * Her heart was throbbing with excitement.她兴奋得心直跳. 2 vibrate or sound with a persistent rhythm （有规律地）跳动、 震颤或发出声响: a throbbing wound, ie one that gives steadily pulsating pain 阵阵疼痛的伤口 * The ship's engines throbbed quietly. 船上的发动机发出轻微的震动. * a voice throbbing with emotion 激动得声音颤抖. throb n steady continuous beat 平稳而连续的跳动或震颤: throbs of joy, pain, pleasure, etc 阵阵的欢乐、 疼痛、 愉快等 * the throb of distant drums 远处阵阵的鼓声. throes / WrEUz; Wroz/ n [pl] 1 severe pains 剧痛: the throes of childbirth 分娩时的阵痛 * death throes 临终的痛苦. 2 (idm 习语) in the throes of sth/of doing sth (infml 口) struggling with the task of sth/of doing sth 为完成某事而拚搏; 苦干: in the throes of moving house 为搬家而辛劳. thrombosis / WrCm5bEUsIs; WrBm`bosIs/ n (pl －boses /－ 5bEUsi:z; －`bosiz/) [C, U] formation of a clot of blood in a blood－vessel or in the heart 血栓形成: coronary thrombosis 冠状动脉血栓形成. throne / WrEUn; Wron/ n 1 [C] special chair or seat used by a king, queen, bishop, etc during ceremonies （国王、 君主、 主教等的）宝座, 御座. 2 the throne [sing] royal authority or power 王权; 王位; 帝位: Queen Elizabeth II succeeded to the throne in 1952. 伊丽莎白二世女王於1952年即位. * Albania lost its throne (ie ceased to be a monarchy) after the war. 阿尔巴尼亚於战後废除了君主制. * come to/ascend/mount the throne, ie become king or queen 即位 * be on the throne, ie be king or queen 在位. 3 (idm 习语) the power behind the throne => power. throng / WrCN; ?@ WrR:N; WrRN/ n crowded mass of people or things 拥挤的人群; 繁多的事物: a throng of fans waiting to see the star 等著看球星的大群球迷 * throngs of flies filled the air 空中的蝇群. throng v 1 [Ipr, Ip, It] move or press in a crowd 群集; 拥塞: The students thronged forward as the exam results were announced. 公布考试结果时学生们都拥上前去. * People are thronging to (see) his new play. 人们成群结队地去看他那出新戏. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ sth (with sb/sth) fill (a place) with a crowd （人群）挤满（某处）: Crowds thronged the main square of the city. 城里的大广场上挤满了人群. * The airport was thronged with holiday－makers. 飞机场挤满了去度假的人. throttle / 5WrCtl; `WrBtl/ v 1 [Tn] seize (sb) by the throat and stop him breathing; choke; strangle 扼（某人）的颈部; 使窒息; 勒死: throttled the guard before robbing the safe 勒死警卫然後抢保险箱 * (fig 比喻) accused the government of throttling the freedom of the press 谴责政府扼杀新闻自由. 2 (phr v) throttle (sth) back/down control the supply of fuel, steam, etc in order to reduce the speed of (an engine or a vehicle) 控制燃料、 蒸汽等的供给以降低（发动机或车）的速度. throttle n valve controlling the supply of fuel, steam, etc to an engine; lever or pedal operating this 节流阀; 节气门; 风门; （油门或气门的）节流杆或踏板: open (out)/close the throttle 开[关]节气门 * at full/half throttle, ie with the throttle completely/half open 以全[半]速 * take one's foot off the throttle, ie off the accelerator, in a car 脚离开（汽车的）油门踏板. through (US also thru) / Wru:; Wru/ prep (For special uses with many vs, eg get through sth, see through sb/sth, see the v entries. 可与许多动词连用, 如get through sth、 see through sb/sth, 其释义见各动词词条. ) 1 (a) from one end or side of (a channel, passage, etc) to the other 从（水、 陆通道等）的一端至另一端; 穿过; 贯穿; 经过: The River Thames flows through London. 泰晤士河流经伦敦. * The burglar got in through the window. 窃贼是从窗户进来的. * Air pressure forces the water through the pipe. 空气压力使水通过管道. (b) from one side of (a surface or screen) to the other 从（物体表面或屏、 幕）的一边至另一边; 透过; 穿过: You can see through glass. 可以透过玻璃看过去. * He could see three people through the mist. 他透过雾能看见三个人. * She drained the water out through a sieve. 她用漏杓把水控出去. * Cars are not allowed to go through the city centre.禁止汽车从市中心穿行. * We had to wade through the river to the opposite bank. 我们只好涉水过河到对岸. (c) passing from one side to the other of (sth hard or resistant) 从（坚硬的或有阻力的某物）的一边到另一边; 穿透: His knees have gone through (ie made holes in) his jeans again. 他的膝盖又把牛仔裤给磨破了. * You need a sharp knife to cut through the knot. 你需用快刀才能把结切断. * The bullet went straight through him. 子弹把他穿透了. * The blood soaked through his shirt and stained his jacket. 他的血透过衬衫染污了上衣. * I can't feel anything through these gloves. 我戴著手套什麽都摸不出来. (d) (moving) from one side to the other of (sth which has height and may obstruct movement) 从（较高的或妨碍运动的某物）的一边到另一边: He was running through the streets. 他跑著穿过条条街道. * The dog rushed straight through the flower－bed. 那条狗直蹿过花坛. * The path led through the trees to the river. 那条小路穿过树林通向河边. * The doctor pushed through the crowd to get to the injured man. 医生挤过人群来到受伤的男子面前. * She made her way through the traffic to the other side of the road. 她穿过来往的车辆走到路的对面. Cf 参看 across2. 2 from the beginning to the end of (sth) 从（某事）的开始至结束; 自始至终; 从头到尾: He will not live through the night, ie He will die before morning. 他活不过今天夜里了. * The children are too young to sit through a long concert. 这些孩子太小, 音乐会时间长他们就坐不住了. * She nursed me through my long illness. 我病了很长时间, 她都一直护理著我. * I'm half－way through (reading) his second novel. 他写的第二本小说我正看了一半儿. 3 (US) up to and including; until 一直到并包括; 直至: stay in London Tuesday thru Friday 从星期二到星期五一直呆在伦敦. 4 (a) (indicating the agent or means 表示作用物或方法): I heard of the job through a newspaper advertisement. 我从报上的广告中知道了这个工作. * It was through you (ie as a result of your help) that we were able to meet again. 全仗你的帮助我们才能重聚. (b) (indicating the cause or reason 表示原因或理由): We missed the plane through being held up on the motorway. 由於高速公路上交通阻塞, 我们误了班机. * The accident happened through no fault of mine. 出了这一事故并非我的过错. * The vase was broken through carelessness. 由於不小心打破了花瓶. 5 past (a barrier) or avoiding (a control imposed by law) 通过（障碍）; 避开（法律的约束）: How did you manage to get all that wine through Customs?你是怎样使那些酒都通过海关检查的? * He drove through a red light (ie passed it without stopping) and a policeman saw him. 他开车闯红灯让警察看见了. through (US also thru) adv part (For special uses with many vs, eg go through with sth, pull through, see the v entries. 可与许多动词连用, 如go through with sth、 pull through, 其释义见各动词词条. ) 1 from one side of sth to the other 从某物的一边到另一边: Put the coffee in the filter and let the water run through. 把咖啡倒入滤器里让水流过. * The tyre's flat the nail has gone right through. 轮胎瘪了－－钉子把它扎透了. * We're coming to a farmyard I suppose we can just walk through. 我们来到一个农家场院－－我看我们可以径直走著穿过去. * It's a bit crowded in here can you get through? 这里有些挤－－你过得去吗? * The flood was too deep to drive through. 水太深汽车开不过去. 2 from the beginning to the end of sth 某事的自始至终; 从头到尾: Don't tell me how it ends I haven't read all the way through yet. 先别告诉我书的结尾－－我还没看完呢. * We had an awful storm last night but the baby slept right through. 昨夜我们这里风雨很大, 这孩子却一直睡著没醒. 3 past a barrier or avoiding a control imposed by law 通过障碍; 逃避法律的约束: The light was red but the ambulance drove straight through. 红灯亮著, 但救护车闯了过去. 4 all the way into and out of a place 一直进入或离开某地: This train goes straight through, ie without stopping. 这是直通车. * [attrib 作定语] two `through trains a day 每天有两次直达列车 * `through traffic 联运 * No `through road, ie The road is closed atone end. 此路不通. 5 (a) (Brit) connected by telephone接通电话: Ask to be put through to me personally. 你告诉接电话的人, 要求和我本人通电话. * I tried to ring youbut I couldn't get through, eg because the line was engagedor faulty. 我给你打过电话, 但没打通（如因占线或线路故障）. * You're through now, ie You can begin to speak. 您的电话接通了. (b) (US) ready to end a telephonecall （准备）结束电话通话: How soon will you be through?您要用多长时间打完电话? 6 (idm 习语) ,throughand `through completely 完全; 彻底: He's an Englishmanthrough and through, ie He has many typically English characteristics. 他是地地道道的英国人. * We've been friends so long I know you through and through. 咱们是多年的朋友, 我对你十分了解. 7 (phr v) be through (with sb/sth) (indicating that a friendship, practice, etc is ended 表示友谊、 习惯等终止) have finished 已结束: Keith and I are through. 基思和我已不来往了. * She's through with her new boy－friend. 她跟新交的男朋友吹了. * I'm finally through with (ie I have stopped taking) drugs. 我终於戒毒了. throughput n [U] amount of material put through a process, esp in a specified period of time 生产量, 吞吐量, 处理量（尤指一定时期的）. throughway n (US) = expressway (express1). throughout / Wru:5aUt; Wru`aJt/ adv 1 in every part 各处; 各方面: The house was painted green throughout. 那房子整个涂成绿色的了. * Certain names in the book were underlined throughout. 书中在某些名字下面都划了线. 2 during the whole duration of sth 在某事的整个期间: I watched the film and cried throughout. 我看那个电影时从头哭到尾. throughout prep 1 in or into every part of (sth)在或至（某物）的各部分: News spread throughout the country. 这消息传遍了全国. * References to pain occur throughout the poem. 诗中字里行间流露出痛苦之情. 2 during the whole duration of (sth) 在（某事）的整个期间: Food was scarce throughout the war. 在战争期间食物匮乏. * Throughout his life he had always kept bees. 他有生之年一直养蜂. * Throughout their marriage he had only once seen her cry. 在他们婚後的日子里, 他只看到她哭过一次. throve => thrive. throw / WrEU; Wro/ v (pt threw / Wru:; Wru/, pp thrown /WrEUn; Wron/) 1 [I, In/pr, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p, Dn.n] send (sth) through the air with some force, esp by moving the arm 投, 抛, 掷, 扔（某物）: He throws well. 他投掷很好. * How far can you throw? 你能扔多远? * Stop throwing stones at that dog! 别再向那条狗扔石子了! * Throw the ball to your sister. 把球扔给你妹妹. * She threw the ball up and caught it again. 她把球抛起又接住. * Please throw me that towel. 请把那条毛巾给我扔过来. * (fig 比喻) She threw me an angry look, ie glanced angrily at me. 她生气地瞪了我一眼. 2 [Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth around/over sb/sth; ~ sth on/off put (clothes, etc) on or off quickly or carelessly 匆忙或随随便便穿、 脱、 戴、 摘、 披（衣物等）: He threw a blanket over the injured man. 他急忙给受伤的人披上条毯子. * threw on his uniform （他）匆匆穿上制服 * threw off her coat （她）随手脱下大衣. 3 [Tn.pr, Tn.p] turn or move (a part of the body) quickly or violently in the specified direction 快速或猛烈地（向所示之方向）转动或移动（身体的某部分）: Throw your arms out in front of you as you dive. 跳水时手臂迅速前伸. * The sergeant threw his shoulders back and his chest out. 那巡佐用力挺著胸. * He threw back his head and roared with laughter. 他仰著头哈哈大笑. * She threw up her hands in horror at the idea. 她听到那个主意吓得把手都举了起来. 4 [Tn, Tn.pr] hurl (sb) to the ground or the floor 用力将（某人）摔在地上: Two jockeys were thrown in the second race. 有两个骑师在第二场赛马时摔了下来. * The wrestler succeeded in throwing his opponent (to the canvas). 那摔角手把对方摔倒（在地）了. 5 [Tn] (a) cause (dice) to fall to the table after shaking them 掷（色子）. (b) obtain (a number) by doing this 掷出（色子的点数）: He threw three sixes in a row. 他掷出一连三个六点. 6 [Tn] shape (pottery) on a potter's wheel （在陶钧上）制（陶坯）: a hand－thrown vase 手工拉制的陶瓶. 7 [Tn] (infml 口) disturb (sb); disconcert 惊扰（某人）; 使不安; 使慌乱: The news of her death really threw me. 她的死讯真让我伤心. * The speaker was completely thrown by theinterruption. 演讲的人因受到干扰而心烦意乱. 8 [Tn.presp passive 尤用於被动语态] cause (sb) to be in a certain state 使（某人）处於某种状态: Hundreds were thrown out of work. 数以百计的人失去了工作. * We were thrown into confusion by the news. 我们让那消息给弄糊涂了. 9 (a) [Tn.pr] cause (sth) to extend 使（某物）伸展或延长: throw a bridge across a river 在河上架一座桥. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] project or cast (light, shade, etc); cause to be 投射（光线、 影子等）; 使成为: The trees threw long shadows across the lawn. 树在草坪上都投下长长的影子. (c) [Tn] deliver (a punch) 挥, 出（拳）: In the struggle several punches were thrown. 在搏斗中打出了几拳. 10 [Tn] move (a switch, lever, etc) so as to operate it 按动, 扳动, 推动（开关、 操纵杆等）. 11 [Tn] (US infml 口) lose (a game or contest) deliberately 故意输掉（比赛或竞赛）. 12 [Tn] have or display (a fit, etc) 表现出（发作等）: She regularly throws tantrums. 她经常大发脾气. 13 [Tn] (infml 口) give (a party) 举行（聚会）. 14 (For idioms containing throw, see entries for ns, adjs, etc 习语中有throw者, 见有关名词、 形容词等的词条, 如 throw the book at sb => book1; throw cold water on sth => cold1.) 15 (phr v) throw sth about/around scatter sth 乱抛某物: Don't throw litter about like that. 不要乱扔杂物. throw oneself at sth/sb (a) rush violently at sth/sb 冲向某物[某人]. (b) (infml 口) (of a woman) make over－eager advances to (a man) （指女子）热切亲近（男子）: Everyone can see she's just throwing herself at him. 谁都看得出来她跟他套近乎. throw sth away (a) discard sth as useless or unwanted 丢弃某物（因无用或不需要）: That's rubbish you can throw it away. 那东西没用－－你把它扔了吧. (b) fail to make use of sth 未能利用某事物: throw away an opportunity, advantage, etc 失去机会、 优势等 * My advice was thrown away (ie wasted) on him. 我对他的劝告都白费了. (c) (of actors, etc) speak (words) in a deliberately casual way （指演员等）有意淡淡地说出（台词）: This speech is meant to be thrown away. 这段话要漫不经心地说出来. throw sb back on sth (usu passive 通常用於被动语态) force sb to rely on sth (because nothing else is available) 迫使某人依靠某事物（因别无他物）: The television broke down so we were thrown back on our own resources, ie had to entertain ourselves. 电视机坏了, 我们只好自作消遣了. throw sth in (a) include sth with what one is selling or offering, without increasing the price （出售或出价时）额外赠送某物: You can have the piano for 60, and I'll throw in the stool as well. 这架钢琴可以卖给你 60 英镑, 琴凳我奉送. (b) make (a remark, etc) casually 随口说出（话语等）. throw oneself into sth begin to do sth energetically 积极地做起某事来: throwing themselves into their work （他们）精力充沛地工作起来. throw sth off produce or compose sth in a casual way, without apparent effort 轻易做成某事物: threw off a few lines of verse 随笔写出几行诗. throw sth/sb off manage to get rid of sth/sb 摆脱某事物[某人]: throw off a cold, a troublesome acquaintance, one's pursuers 治好伤风、 摆脱一个讨厌的认识的人、 甩掉紧追不放的人. throw oneself on sb/sth (fml 文) rely entirely on sb/sth; entrust oneself to sb/sth 完全依赖某人[某事物]; 将自己托付给某人[某事物]: He was clearly guilty and could only throw himself on the mercy of the court. 他显然有罪, 只好听凭法庭处置. throw sb out (a) force (a trouble－maker, etc) to leave 赶走, 轰走（闹事的人等）: The drunk was thrown out (of the pub). 那醉鬼（从酒馆）给赶了出去. (b) distract or confuse sb; cause sb to make a mistake 使某人分心、 糊涂或出差错: Do keep quiet or you'll throw me out in my calculations. 你可得安静点儿了, 要不然我没法计算了. throw sth out (a) utter sth in a casual or spontaneous way 漫不经心地或随口说出某事: throw out a hint, a suggestion, an idea, etc 漫不经心地吐露口风、 提出建议、 说出想法等. (b) reject (a proposal, an idea, etc) 拒不接受（建议、 主意等）. (c) = throw sth away (a): It's time we threw that old chair out it's completely broken. 咱们得把那个旧椅子扔了－－已经散架子了. throw sb over desert or abandon sb 背弃或抛弃某人: When he became rich he threw over all his old friends. 他发财之後把老朋友都抛弃了. throw sb together bring (people) into contact with each other, often casually 使（人与人）相遇或相聚（常指不期而遇）: Fate had thrown them together. 命运把他们聚在一起了. * As the only English speakers, we were rather thrown together. 因为只有我们是说英语的, 所以我们是这麽凑到一起的. throw sth together make or produce sth hastily 仓促做出或制出某物: I'll just throw together a quick supper. 我马上做一顿简便的晚餐吧. throw sth up (a) vomit (food) 呕出（食物）. (b) resign from sth 辞去某事: throw up one's job 辞职 * You've thrown up a very promising career. 你放弃了一个很有前途的职业. (c) bring sth to notice 使某事物引起注意: Her research has thrown up some interesting facts. 她在研究中有些发现令人很感兴趣. (d) build sth suddenly or hastily 突然或匆匆建造某物. throw－away adj [attrib 作定语] (a) intended to be discarded after use 使用後丢弃的; 一次性使用的: throw－away cups, tissues, razors 一次性杯子、 纸巾、剃刀. (b) spoken in a deliberately casual way; not emphasized 故意脱口而出的; 漫不经心说出的: a throw－away remark 脱口而出的话. throw－back n animal, etc that shows characteristics of an ancestor earlier than its parents 有返祖现象的动物等. Cf 参看 atavism. throw－in n (in football) throwing in of the ball after it has gone outside the area of play （足球的）掷界外球, 掷边线球. throw / WrEU; Wro/ n 1 act of throwing 投; 掷; 抛; 扔: a well－aimed throw 准确的投掷 * It's your throw, eg your turn to throw the dice. 该你掷了（如该你掷色子）. 2 distance to which sth is or may be thrown 投掷的距离: a throw of 70 metres 70米远的投掷 * a record throw of the discus 创铁饼投掷纪录的距离. 3 (US) piece of cloth used to cover a chair, sofa, etc （盖於椅子、 沙发等上的）罩, 套. 4 (idm 习语) a stone's throw => stone. thru (US) = through. thrush / WrQF; WrQF/ n any of various types of songbird, esp one with a brownish back and speckled breast (the song－thrush) 鸫科鸣禽的任何一种（尤指棕色背、 胸部有斑点的）. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page iv. thrush / WrQF; WrQF/ n [U] (a) infectious disease producing white patches in the mouth and throat, esp inchildren 鹅口疮, 真菌性口炎（患者多为幼儿）. (b) similardisease affecting the vagina 念珠菌阴道炎. thrust / WrQst; WrQst/ v (pt, pp thrust) 1 [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] push (sth/sb/oneself) suddenly or violently 猛然或用力推（某物[某人]）; （自己）向前挤: a thrusting (ie aggressive) young salesman 有闯劲的年轻推销员 * He thrust (his way) through the crowd. 他从人群中挤了过去. * thrust a tip into the waiter's hand 把小费塞在服务员手里 * (fig 比喻) My objections were thrust aside, ie dismissed. 我提出的异议被置之一旁. * She tends to thrust herself forward too much, ie to be too self－assertive or ambitious. 她这个人太好强. 2 [Ipr, Tn.pr] ~ at sb (with sth)/~ sth at sb make a forward stroke at sb with (a sword, etc) 用（剑等）向某人刺去: The mugger thrust at his victim with a knife. 抢劫者用刀子向受害人刺去. * thrust one's bayonet at the enemy 用刺刀刺敌人. 3 (phr v) thrust sth/sb on/upon sb force sb to accept sth/sb or to undertake sth 迫使某人同意（做）某事、 接受某物或接待某人: Some men have greatness thrust upon them, ie become famous without wishing or tryingto be. 有些人成名是环境造就的. * She is rather annoyed at having three extra guests suddenly thrust on her. 因为突然多来了三个不速之客要接待, 她心里直冒火. thrust n 1 [C] (a) act or movement of thrusting 推; 插; 挤; 刺; 戳: killed by a bayonet thrust 被刺刀刺死. (b) strong attack in war or in a contest （战争或比赛中的）猛攻: a deep thrust into the opponent's territory 深入对手范围内的猛攻. (c) (fig 比喻) hostile remark aimed atsb 对某人的抨击: a speech full of thrusts at the government对政府大加挞伐的演说. 2 [U] forward force produced by a propeller, jet engine, rocket, etc （推进器、 喷气发动机、 火箭等的）推力. 3 [U] (architecture 建) stress or pressure between neighbouring parts of a structure (eg an arch) 压力; 推力. 4 [U] ~ (of sth) main point or theme (of remarks, etc); gist （言语、 评论等的）要点, 主题, 要旨: What was the thrust of his argument? 他的论据的要点是什麽? 5 (idm 习语) cut and thrust => cut2. thruster n person who thrusts himself forward (to win an advantage, etc) 抢先的人（为赢得优势等）. thud / WQd; WQd/ n low dull sound like that of a blow on sth soft 沉闷的声响（似撞击软物的声音）: The car hit the child with a sickening thud. 汽车把那个孩子撞了, 发出一声可怕的闷响. thud v (－dd－) [Ipr, Ip] move, fall or hit sth with a thud 砰然移动、 落下或打击某物: the sound of branches thudding against the walls of the hut 树枝碰击木屋墙壁发出的声音 * I could hear him thudding about upstairs in his heavy boots. 我听见他穿著沉重的靴子在楼上咯咯地走来走去. thug / WQg; WQ^/ n violent criminal or hooligan 暴徒; 流氓; 恶棍. thuggery / 5WQgErI; `WQ^ErI/ n [U]. thumb / WQm; WQm/ n 1 short thick finger set apart from the other four 拇指. =>illus at hand 见hand插图. 2 part of a glove covering this （手套的）拇指部分. 3 (idm 习语) be all (fingers and) `thumbs be very clumsy, esp when handling things 十分笨拙; （尤指）笨手笨脚. a rule of thumb => rule. stand/stick out like a sore thumb => sore. thumbs `up/`down (phrase or gesture used to indicate success or approval/failure or rejection 表示成功或赞许[失败或拒绝]的用语或手势): givesb/sth the thumbs up 称赞某人[某事物] * I'm afraid it's thumbs down for your new proposal. 我看你的新建议是行不通了. twiddle one's thumbs => twiddle. under sb's `thumb completely under sb's influence or control 完全受某人的影响或支配: She's got him under her thumb. 她把他管住了. thumb v 1 [Ipr, Tn] ~ (through) sth turn over the pages of (a book); make (a book, pages) worn or dirty by doing this 翻（书）页; 将（书、 书页）翻坏或弄脏: thumbing through the dictionary 翻查词典 * a well－thumbedcopy 翻旧了的一本书. 2 (idm 习语) thumb a `lift (try to) get a free ride in a motor vehicle by signalling with one's thumb; hitch－hike 向路过的机动车竖起拇指表示要求免费搭车. thumb one's nose at sb/sth make a rude gesture at sb/sth by putting one's thumb against the end of one's nose 将拇指放在鼻尖上作为对某人[某事物]表示轻蔑的手势. thumb－index n set of lettered notches cut in theedge of a book, used to identify the position of the varioussections in it (eg the words beginning with a certain letter in a dictionary) 拇指页标（书边切割的缺口, 一般按字母顺序排列, 用以标示各字母所在书中的位置, 如某些字典中的）. thumb－nail n nail at the tip of the thumb 拇指的指甲. adj [attrib 作定语] briefly written 文字简洁的: a thumb－nail sketch/portrait/description of sb/sth 对某人[某事物]的简略描述. thumbscrew n former instrument of torture that squeezed the thumb 拇指夹（旧时的刑具）. thumb－stall n sheath to cover an injured thumb 拇指套（保护受伤拇指的）. thumb－tack n (US) = drawing－pin (drawing). thump / WQmp; WQmp/ v [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p, Cn.a] beat or strike or knock heavily, esp with the fist 狠打, 重击, 猛捶（尤指用拳）: My heart was thumping (with excitement). 我（激动得）心砰砰跳. * Someone thumped (on) the door. 有人使劲敲门. * two boys thumping each other (on the head) 挥拳互打（头部）的两个男孩 * (fig 比喻) He thumped out a tune (ie played it loudly) on the piano. 他用力在钢琴上弹奏一支曲子. * She thumped the cushion flat. 她把垫子捶平了. thump n (a) heavy blow 重击: gave him a thump 狠打他一拳. (b) noise made by this 重击声: The sack of cement hit the ground with a thump. 水泥袋砰的一声落在地上. thumping (also thundering) adj [attrib 作定语] (infml 口) big 大的: a thumping lie 大瞎话 * win by a thumping majority 以绝对多数获胜. adv (infml 口) extremely 极; 非常: lives in a thumping great house in the country 住在乡间一座特别大的房子里. thunder / 5WQndE(r); `WQndL/ n [U] 1 loud noise that follows a flash of lightning 雷; 雷声: a crash/peal/roll of thunder 雷声大作 * There's thunder in the air, ie Thunder is likely. 好像要打雷了. * We haven't had much thunder this summer. 今年夏天我们没怎麽听见打雷. 2 any similar noise 似雷的声音: the thunder of the guns, jets, drums 大炮、 喷气飞机、 鼓的隆隆声 * a/the thunder of applause 掌声如雷. 3 (idm 习语) blood and thunder => blood1. steal sb's thunder => steal. thunder v 1 [I, In/pr] (used with it 与it连用) sound with thunder 打雷: It thundered all night. 夜间一直在打雷. 2 (a) [Ipr] make a noise like thunder; sound loudly 发出雷鸣般的声音; 响声大作: A voice thundered in my ear. 我耳边响起雷鸣般的讲话声. * Someone was thundering at the door, ie beating it. 有人使劲地敲著门. (b) [Ipr, Ip] move in the specified direction making a loud noise 轰隆隆地向某方向移动: The train thundered through the station. 火车隆隆地驶过车站. * heavy lorries thundering along, by, past, etc 隆隆驶过的重型卡车.3 (a) [Ipr] ~ against sth/at sb utter loud threats, etc against sth/sb 大声说反对某事或威胁某人的话: reformers thundering against corruption 高呼反腐败的改革者 * What right have you to thunder at me like that? 你有什麽权力大嚷大叫地威胁我? (b) [Tn] utter (threats, etc) loudly 喊出（威胁的话等）: `How dare you speak tome like that?' he thundered. ｀你竟敢这样跟我说话?＇他喝道. thunderer / 5WQndErE(r); `WQndErL/ n. thundering /－dErIN; －dErIN/ adj, adv = thumping (thump): a thundering(great) nuisance 极讨厌的东西. thunderous / －dErEs; －dErEs/ adj like thunder; very loud 雷鸣般的; 声音很大的: thunderous applause 掌声雷动. thunderously adv. thundery / －dErI; －dErI/ adj (of weather) giving signs of thunder （指天气）似要打雷的: a thundery day 雷雨欲来的一天. thunderbolt n 1 flash of lightning with a crash of thunder 雷电; 霹雳. 2 (fig 比喻) startling or terrible event or statement 突然的或可怕的事情或言语: The unexpected defeat came as a thunderbolt. 这意外的失败犹如晴天霹雳. * He unleashed a thunderbolt by announcinghis resignation. 他宣布辞职好似晴天炸雷一般. thunderclap n 1 crash of thunder 雷声; 霹雳. 2 sudden terrible event or piece of news; thunderbolt(2) 突然而可怕的事情或消息. thunder－cloud n large dark cloud that can produce lightning and thunder 雷雨云. thunderstorm n storm with thunder and lightning and usu heavy rain 雷雨; 雷暴. thunderstruck adj [esp pred 尤作表语] amazed 大吃一惊. Thur (also Thurs) abbr 缩写 = Thursday: Thurs 26 June 6月26日星期四. Thursday / 5W\:zdI; `W[zdI/ n [C, U] (abbrs 缩写 Thur, Thurs) the fifth day of the week, next after Wednesday 星期四. For the uses of Thursday see the examples at Monday. 关於 Thursday 的用法见 Monday 词条中的示例. thus / TQs; TQs/ adv (fml 文) 1 in this way; like this 以此方式; 如此; 这样: calculate the area of the triangle thus formed 计算这样形成的三角形的面积 * Hold the wheel in both hands, thus. 用双手握住方向盘, 像这样. 2 as a result of this; accordingly 其结果是; 因此; 於是; 所以: He is the eldest son and thus heir to the title. 他是长子, 因此是头衔的继承人. 3 to this extent 到如此程度: Havingcome thus far do you wish to continue? 已经走了这麽远了, 你还想走吗? thwart / WwR:t; WwRrt/ v [Tn] prevent (sb) doing what he intends; oppose (a plan, etc) successfully 阻挠（某人）成事; 阻止（计画等）实现: He was thwarted (in his aims) by bad luck. 他运气不好, 未能达到目的. * thwarted ambitions 受挫折无法实现的抱负. thwart / WwR:t; WwRrt/ n seat across a rowing－boat for an oarsman （划艇上桨手的）坐板. thyme / taIm; taIm/ n [U] (a) any of various types of herb with fragrant leaves 百里香属植物. (b) leaves of this plant used in cookery 百里香叶（用於烹调）. thyroid / 5WaIrRId; `WaIrRId/ n (also thyroid `gland) large gland at the front of the neck, producing a hormone which controls the body's growth and development 甲状腺. ti / ti:; ti/ n (music 音) the seventh note in the sol－fa scale （首调唱法的）任何大音阶的第七音. tiara / tI5B:rE; tI`BrE/ n 1 woman's crescent－shaped head－dress, usu ornamented with jewels and worn on ceremonial occasions （女用）冕状头饰（通常镶有宝石, 礼仪场合戴用）. 2 triple crown worn by the Pope 三重冕（天主教教皇戴的）. tibia / 5tIbIE; `tIbIE/ n (pl ~e / －bIi:; －bI9i/) (anatomy 解) = shin－bone (shin). =>illus at skeleton 见 skeleton 插图. tic / tIk; tIk/ n occasional involuntary twitching of the muscles, esp of the face 抽搐; （尤指）面肌抽搐: have a nervous tic 患神经性面肌抽搐. tick / tIk; tIk/ n 1 light and regularly repeated sound, esp that of a clock or watch 滴答声（尤指钟表的）. 2 (infml 口) moment 一会儿: Just wait a tick! 等一下儿! * I'll be down in half a tick/in two ticks. 我马上就下来. 3 (US check) mark put beside an item in a list to show that it has been checked or done or is correct （画於表册上的项目旁边, 表示已核对、 已做或正确无误的）记号, 对号. =>illus 见插图. tick v 1 [I, Ip] ~ (away) (of a clock, etc) make a series of ticks (tick1 1) （指钟等）发出滴答声: My watch doesn't tick because it's electric. 我的表是电动的, 不滴答响. * listened to the clock ticking/the ticking of the clock 听钟滴答作响 * While we waited the taxi's meter kept ticking away. 我们等候时, 计程车里的计程表一直在滴答地响著. 2 [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (off) put a tick1(3) beside (an item, etc) 在（项目等）旁边做核对记号: tick (off) the names of those present 在出席者的姓名旁做记号 * The jobs that are done have been ticked off. 做完的工作都标上了记号. 3 (idm 习语) what makes sb `tick (infml 口) what makes sb behave in the way he does 某人这样做的原因是什麽: I've never really understood what makes her tick. 我实在弄不明白她为什麽这样. 4 (phr v) tick away/by (of time) pass （指时间）过去: Meanwhile the minutes kept ticking away. 其时, 时间一分一分地过去. tick sth away (of a clock, etc) mark the passage of time （指钟等）表示时间过去: The station clock ticked away the minutes. 车站的钟显示时间一分一分地过去. tick sb off (infml 口) rebuke or scold sb 责骂或斥责某人: get ticked off for careless work 因工作不细心而挨骂. tick over (a) (of an engine) idle （指发动机）空转, 慢转: I stopped the car but left the motor ticking over. 我停住汽车, 让发动机空转. (b) (of activities) continue in a routine way （指活动）照常进行: Just try and keep things ticking over while I'm away. 在我离开的期间, 尽量使事情照常进行. ticking－off n (pl tickings－off) (infml 口) rebuke or reprimand 责骂; 斥责: give sb a good ticking－off 把某人狠狠骂一顿. tick－tack n [U] (Brit) system of signalling by moving the hands, used by bookmakers on racecourses （赛马场上以接受赛马赌注为业者使用的）手势信号. tick－tack－toe n [U] (US) = noughts and crosses (nought). tick－tock n (usu sing 通常作单数) ticking sound of a large clock （大时钟的）滴答声. tick / tIk; tIk/ n 1 any of various types of small parasitic insect that suck blood 蜱. 2 (Brit sl 俚) unpleasant or contemptible person 讨厌的或可鄙的人. tick / tIk; tIk/ n 1 [C] case of a mattress or pillow, in which the filling is contained 褥套; 枕心套. 2 [U] = ticking. tick / tIk; tIk/ n [U] (infml 口 esp Brit) credit 赊欠: get tick 赊帐 * buy goods on tick 赊帐购物. ticker / 5tIkE(r); `tIkL/ n (infml 口) 1 heart 心脏: His ticker's not very strong, ie He has a weak heart. 他心脏衰弱. 2 (dated 旧) watch 表. ticker－tape n [U] (esp US) (a) paper tape from ateleprinter, etc （电传打字机等的）纸带: reading the stockmarket prices off the ticker－tape 阅读电传打字机纸带上显示的股市行情. (b) this or similar material thrown from windows to greet a celebrity （为欢迎名人而从窗口抛下的）纸带: [attrib 作定语] a ticker－tape parade 抛纸带迎宾式 * get a ticker－tape reception 受到抛纸带的盛大欢迎. ticket / 5tIkIt; `tIkIt/ n 1 [C] written or printed piece of card or paper that gives the holder a certain right (eg to travel by plane, train, bus, etc or to a seat in a cinema) 票（如机票、 车票、 电影票或入场券等）: Do you want a single or a return ticket? 你要单程票还是往返票? * I've got two tickets for the Cup Final. 我弄到两张优胜杯决赛的票. * You must present your library ticket every time youborrow books. 你每次借书都必须出示借书证. * Admissionby ticket only, eg as a notice outside a hall, etc. 凭票入场. 2 [C] label attached to sth, giving details of its price, size, etc （附於某物上标明价格、 尺码等的）标签. 3 [C usu sing 通常作单数] (esp US) list of the candidates put forward by one party in an election （党派推荐的）候选人名单: run for office on the Republican ticket 作为共和党的候选人参加竞选. 4 [C] official notice of an offence against traffic regulations （交通违章）通知单, 罚款单: get a parking/speeding ticket 接到违章停车[超速驾驶]罚款单. 5 [C] (infml 口) certificate issued to a qualified ship's master, aircraft pilot, etc （发给船长、 飞行器驾驶员等的）资格证明书. 6 the ticket [sing] (dated infml 旧, 口) the correct or desirable thing 正确、 恰好的事; 所需之物: All packed up and ready to go? That's the ticket. 行李都收拾好了, 可以走了吧? 对了. 7 (idm 习语) the straight ticket => straight1. ticket v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] put a ticket on (an article for sale, etc) 在（待出售等的物品）上加标签. ticking / 5tIkIN; `tIkIN/ (also tick) n [U] strong material for covering mattresses and pillows （做褥套、 枕心套的）结实布料. tickle / 5tIkl; `tIkl/ v 1 [I, Tn, Tn.pr] touch or stroke (sb) lightly, esp at sensitive parts, so as to cause a slight tingling sensation, often with twitching movements and laughter 轻触或抚摸（某人）使发痒: This blanket tickles (me). 这毯子扎得我痒痒. * tickle sb in the ribs 搔某人的肋部使之发痒 * She tickled my nose with a feather. 她拿羽毛弄得我鼻子发痒. 2 [I] feel such a sensation 发痒: My nose tickles. 我鼻子痒痒. 3 [Tn] please (sb's vanity, sense of humour, etc); amuse 满足（某人的虚荣心、 幽默感等）; 使高兴: The story tickled her fancy/curiosity. 这个故事满足了她的好奇心. * I was highly tickled by the idea. 这主意让我高兴极了. 4 (idm 习语) (be) tickled `pink/to `death (infml 口) extremely pleased or amused 感到非常满足或高兴: I'm tickled pink that my essay won the prize. 我的文章获奖了, 我高兴得要命. tickle sb's ribs (infml 口) amuse sb 逗某人发笑. Cf 参看 rib－tickling (rib). tickle n 1 act or sensation of tickling 抓搔使痒; 痒感: I've got this tickle in my throat I think I may be getting a cold. 我嗓子发痒－－大概是感冒了. 2 (idm 习语) slap and tickle => slap n. tickler / 5tIklE(r); `tIklL/ n (dated infml 旧, 口 esp Brit) puzzle; problem 难题; 问题: an awkward little tickler to solve 需要解决的小难题. ticklish / 5tIklIF; `tIklIF/ adj 1 (of a person) sensitive to tickling （指人）易痒的, 怕痒的: I'm terribly ticklish. 我特别怕痒. 2 (infml 口) (of a problem) requiring careful handling; difficult （指问题）需小心处理的, 难解决的: a ticklish question 棘手的问题 * in a ticklish situation 处於难以应付的局面. ticklishness n [U]. ticky－tacky / 5tIkI tAkI; 9tIkI`tAkI/ adj, n [U] (US infml 口) (made of) shoddy ugly buildings or materials 质量低劣又难看的建筑物; 劣质材料（制成的）: suburbs full of ticky－tacky 遍布劣等建筑物的郊区. tidal / 5taIdl; `taIdl/ adj of or affected by a tide or tides 潮的; 有潮的; 受潮汐影响的: a tidal river, estuary, harbour, etc 感潮河道、 感潮河口、 潮港. tidal wave 1 great ocean wave, eg one caused by an earthquake 潮波; 海啸. 2 ~ (of sth) (fig 比喻) great wave of popular enthusiasm, indignation, etc 公众热情、 愤恨等的浪潮; 热潮; 怒潮: carried along on a tidal wave of hysteria 受歇斯底里狂热的裹挟. tidbit (US) = titbit. tiddler / 5tIdlE(r); `tIdlL/ n (infml 口) 1 very small fish, esp a stickleback or minnow 小鱼; （尤指）刺鱼, 米诺鱼. 2 unusually small thing or child 异常小的东西或孩子. tiddly / 5tIdlI; `tIdlI/ adj (－ier, －iest) (infml 口) 1 (esp Brit) slightly drunk; tipsy 微醉的; 有醉意的: feeling a bit tiddly 觉得稍有醉意. 2 (Brit) very small; negligible 很小的; 微不足道的: Two tiddly biscuits with cheese on? You can't call that a proper meal! 两块小饼乾抹上点奶酪? 这不能算正经饭吧? tiddly－winks / 5tIdlI wINks; `tIdlI9wINks/ n [U] game in which players try to make small plastic discs jump into a cup by pressing them on the edge with a larger disc 挑圆片（游戏, 用一圆片压小塑料圆片的边缘使之弹入杯形容器）. tide / taId; taId/ n 1 (a) [C, U] regular rise and fall in the level of the sea, caused by the attraction of the moon and sun 潮; 潮汐: spring/neap (ie maximum/minimum) tides 大[小]潮 * at high/low tide 在高[低]潮时. (b) [C] water moved by this 潮水: We were cut off by the tide. 我们让潮水截住了. * The tide is (coming) in/(going) out. 正在涨[落]潮. * driftwood washed up by the tide(s) 被潮水冲上来的浮木 * Swimmers should beware of strong tides. 游泳的人要提防汹涌的潮水. 2 [C usu sing 通常作单数] direction in which opinion, events, luck, etc seem to move; trend （舆论、 事件、 运气等的）潮流, 趋势, 动向: a rising tide of discontent 不满情绪的不断增涨 * The tide turned in our favour. 形势变得对我们有利.3 [U] (arch 古) (in compounds 用以构成复合词) season季; 时: `yule－tide * `Whitsuntide. 4 (idm 习语) go, swim,etc with/against the stream/tide => stream. time and tide wait for no man => time1. tide v (phr v) tide sb over (sth) help sb through (a difficult period) by providing what he needs （通过提供所需）帮助某人渡过（困难时期）: Will you lend me some money to tide me over until I get my pay cheque? 你能否借给我点儿钱, 帮我维持到发薪时? tide－mark n 1 mark made by the tide water at its highest point on a beach, etc （沙滩等处潮水留下的）高潮痕. 2 (joc 谑) (a) line between washed and unwashedparts of sb's body （身上洗到的和没洗到的部位之间的）垢痕. (b) line left on a bath by the dirty water （污水留在浴盆上的）垢痕. tide－table n list showing the times of high tide at a place 潮汐表. tideway n (a) channel where a tide runs 潮汐水道; 潮路. (b) tidal part of a river （河流的）感潮段. tidings / 5taIdINz; `taIdINz/ n [pl] (arch or joc 古或谑) news 消息; 音信: Have you heard the glad tidings? 你听到那个好消息了吗? tidy / 5taIdI; `taIdI/ adj (－ier, －iest) 1 (a) arranged neatly and in order 安排或排列整齐的: a tidy room, desk, garden 整整齐齐的房间、 书桌、 花园 * keeps her house very tidy 保持她住宅整整齐齐. (b) having the habit of keeping things neat and orderly 爱整齐的; 有整齐习惯的: a tidy boy 有整齐习惯的男孩 * tidy habits 爱整齐的习惯 * have a tidy mind, ie be able to think clearly and sensibly 思维有条理. 2 [attrib 作定语] (infml 口) (esp of a sum of money) fairly large; considerable （尤指一笔钱）相当大的, 可观的: She left a tidy fortune when she died. 她死时留下大笔财产. * It must have cost a tidy penny, ie quite a lot of money. 这准花了好多钱. tidily adv. tidiness n [U]. tidy n receptacle for odds and ends 盛零星物件的容器: a `desk tidy, ie for pens, paper－clips, etc 书桌上盛钢笔、 曲别针等的容器 * a `sink tidy, ie for bits of kitchen waste （厨房洗涤槽的）残渣过滤器. tidy v (pt, pp tidied) 1 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth/sb/oneself) (up) make (sth/sb/oneself) tidy 使（某物[某人/自己]）整齐: Who's been tidying in here? 是谁一直在收拾这地方? * spent all morning tidying up 用一上午的时间整理 * You'd better tidy this room (up) before the guests arrive. 你最好在客人到来之前把屋子整理好. * I must tidy myself up, ie make myself look tidy. 我得梳理一下. 2 (phr v) tidy sth away put sth in a certain place (esp out of sight) so that a room, etc appears tidy 将某物收起（尤指见不到处）使房间等显得整齐: Tidy away your toys when you've finished playing. 你玩儿过玩具之後要收起来. tidy sth out remove unnecessary or unwanted items from sth and arrange the rest neatly 移去不要之物而将余下物品整理好; 清理: tidy out one's drawers, a cupboard, etc 清理抽屉、 柜橱等. tie / taI; taI/ n 1 (also `necktie) strip of decorative material worn round the neck under the collar and knotted in front 领带. =>illus at jacket 见jacket插图. 2 piece of cord, wire, etc used for fastening or tying sth （系物、 捆扎用的）带、 绳、 线等: ties for sealing plastic bags 封塑料袋用的捆扎条. 3 (a) rod or beam holding parts of a structure together （连接结构物各部的）系杆, 系梁. (b) (US) = sleeper2. 4 (usu pl 通常作复数) (fig 比喻) thing that unites people; bond 使人结合在一起的事物; 连接物: the ties of friendship 友谊的纽带 * family ties 家族关系 * The firm has ties with an American corporation. 该商行与美国一家公司有关系. 5 (fig 比喻) thing that limits a person's freedom of action 限制人行动自由的事物; 束缚: He doesn't want any ties; that's why he never married. 他不愿受束缚, 所以不结婚. * Pets can be a tie when you want to go away on holiday. 要想外出度假时, 宠物会成为牵累. 6 equal score in a game or competition （比赛或竞争中）得分相同, 不分胜负, 平手: Each team scored twice and the game ended in a tie. 每个队都有两次得分, 比赛不分胜负. 7 sports match between two or a group of competing teams or players 淘汰赛: the first leg of the Cup tie between Aberdeen and Barcelona 阿伯丁队和巴塞罗那队在优胜杯淘汰赛中的第一轮比赛. 8 (music 音) curved line in a score over two notes of the same pitch that are to be played or sung as one 连结线. =>illus at music 见 music 插图. tie－beam n horizontal beam connecting rafters 系梁. tie－breaker (also `tie－break) n means of deciding the winner when competitors have tied (tie2 5) 平局决胜制: The first set (ie of a tennis match) was won on the tie－break. 这次网球比赛的第一盘是以平局决胜制获胜的. tie－pin (US `stickpin, `tie－tack) n ornamental pin for holding a tie1(1) together or in place 领带别针. tie / taI; taI/ v (pt, pp tied, pres p tying) 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] fasten or bind (sth) with rope, string, etc （用绳、 带等）系, 结, 缚, 绑, 扎, 捆, 拴（某物）: Shall I tie the parcel or use sticky tape? 我把包裹捆上还是用胶带粘上? * The prisoner's hands were securely tied. 那犯人的双手给牢牢捆住了. * tie a dog to a lamp－post 把狗拴在灯柱上 * tie sb's feet together 把某人的双脚捆住 * tie a branch down 把树枝绑住. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (on) attach sth by means of its strings, etc （用某物的带子等将其）系上, 系牢: Could you tie this apron round me? 你受累把围裙给我系上行吗? * tie on a label 系上标签. 3 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] arrange (ribbon, string, etc) to form a knot or bow 将（丝带、 细绳等）打成结或打成蝴蝶结: tie a ribbon, scarf, tie, cravat, etc 系丝带、 头巾、 领带、 围巾等 * She tied her hair in(to) a bun. 她把头发挽成个髻. * tie (up) one's shoe－laces 系（上）鞋带. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] make (a knot or bow) in this way 打（结或蝴蝶结）: tie a knot in a piece of rope 在绳子上打结. 4 [I, Ipr, Ip] be fastened 系上; 打结: This rope won't tie properly. 这绳子打不好结. * Does this sash tie in front or at the back? 这腰带是在前面打结还是在後面? 5 [I, Ipr, Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态, Tn.pr usu passive 通常用於被动语态] ~ (sb) (with sb) (for sth) make the same score as (another competitor) 与（另一参赛者）得分相同: The two teams tied (with each other). 那两队不分胜负. * Britain are tied with Italy for second place. 英国队和意大利队并列第二. 6 [Tn] (music 音) unite (notes) with a tie1(8) 用连结线连接（音符）: tied crotchets 用连结线连接的四分音符. 7 (idm 习语) bind/tie sb hand and foot => hand1. have one's hands free/tied => hand1. tie oneself into/(up) in `knots get very confused 大惑不解. tie the knot (infml 口) get married 结婚. 8 (phr v) tie sb/oneself down (to sth) restrict sb/oneself (to certain conditions, a fixed occupation or place, etc) 使某人[自己]受（某环境、 固定的职业或地点等的）约束: Children do tie you down, don't they? 孩子简直把你拖累住了吧? * refuse to be tied down by petty restrictions 不理会琐细规章的限制. tie in (with sth) (of information, facts, etc) agree or be connected （指资料、 事实等）一致或有联系: This evidence ties in with what we already know. 这证据与我们已掌握的情况相符. tie (sth) up moor (sth) or be moored 系住, 拴住（船等）; 停泊: We tied (the boat) up alongside the quay. 我们把船停泊在码头处. tie sb up (a) bind sb with rope, etc so that he cannot move or escape 捆绑某人: The thieves left the night－watchman tied up and gagged. 窃贼把夜班守卫员捆住, 把他的嘴也堵住了. (b) (usu passive 通常用於被动语态) occupy sb so that he has no time for other things 缠住某人使之无暇顾及他事: I'm tied up in a meeting until 3 pm. 我开会直到下午三点钟方可脱身. tie sth up (a) bind sth with cord, rope, etc 系、 拴、 捆、 绑或扎某物. (b) (often passive 常用於被动语态) invest (capital) so that it is not easily available for use 将（金钱）用於投资致使难以动用: Most of his money's tied up in property. 他大部分钱都投资在房地产上无法动用. (c) make conditions restricting the use or sale of (property, etc) 制定条款限制（财产等）的使用或出售. (d) bring (work, progress, etc) to a halt; obstruct sth使（工作、 进展等）停顿; 阻碍某事: The strike tied up production for a week. 这次罢工造成停产一周. tied adj [attrib 作定语] (of a house) rented to sb on condition that he works for the owners （指房子）只租给为房东工作的人的: a ,tied `cottage 农场主租给其雇工的农舍 * a job with tied accommodation 提供住所的工作. `tied house (Brit) public house that is owned or controlled by a particular brewery 某啤酒厂开设的或特约经营的酒店. Cf 参看 free house (free1). tie－dye v [Tn] produce dyed patterns on (fabric) by tying parts of it so that they are protected from the dye 扎染（织物）. tie－dyeing n [U]. tie－on adj [attrib 作定语] (of a label, etc) that may be attached by tying （指标签等）可系上的, 可拴上的. tie－up n 1 ~ (with sb/sth) link; merger; partnership联系; 联合; 协作. 2 (esp US) halt in work, progress, etc; standstill （工作、 进展等的）停顿; 停滞不前: a traffic tie－up 交通阻塞. tier / tIE(r); tIr/ n any of a series of rows (esp of seats) or parts of a structure placed one above the other 一排（尤指座位）; （阶梯式的）一层: a box in the first tier, ie in atheatre （剧院中的）第一排的一个包厢 * a wedding－cakewith three tiers/a three－tier wedding－cake 有三层的结婚蛋糕. =>illus at layer 见 layer 插图. tiered adj arranged in tiers 成排的; 分层的: tiered seating 成排的座位. tiff / tIf; tIf/ n slight quarrel between friends or acquaintances（朋友或相识的人之间的）争吵, 拌嘴, 口角: She's had a tiff with her boy－friend. 她和男朋友吵嘴了. tig / tIg; tI^/ n [U] = tag6. tiger / 5taIgE(r); `taI^L/ n 1 large fierce animal of the cat family, with yellowish and black stripes, found in Asia 虎, 老虎（产於亚洲）. =>illus at cat 见 cat 插图. 2 (idm 习语) fight like a tiger => fight1. a paper tiger => paper. tigerish / 5taIgErIF; `taI^ErIF/ adj like a tiger, esp (of a person) fiercely energetic 似虎的; （尤指人）生龙活虎的. tigress / 5taIgrIs; `taI^rIs/ n female tiger 雌虎. tiger－lily n tall garden lily having orange flowers spotted with black or purple 卷丹（高株园艺植物, 花橘红色, 上有紫黑色斑点）. tiger－moth n moth with wings striped like a tiger's skin 灯蛾. tight / taIt; taIt/ adj (－er, －est) 1 fixed, fastened or drawn together firmly; hard to move or undo 牢的; 紧的; 不松动的; 难解开的: a tight knot 系紧的结 * I can't get the cork out of the bottle it's too tight. 我无法把瓶塞拔出来－－太紧了. * The drawer is so tight I can't open it. 这抽屉太紧了, 我打不开. * keep a tight hold on the rope 紧紧抓住绳子. 2 (a) fitting closely 紧密相合的: a tight joint 紧密的接合处 * These shoes are too tight for me. 这双鞋我穿著太紧. * a tight ship, ie one that does not leak 不漏水的船 * tight (ie strict) controls 严密的控制. (b) (in compound adjs 用以构成复合形容词) made so that a specified thing cannot get in or out 不漏的; 不透的:`airtight * `watertight. 3 (a) with things or people arrangedclosely 紧密的; 密集的: a tight mass of fibres 很紧的一团纤维 * a tight schedule, ie leaving little time to spare 紧凑的日程安排. (b) (of a game, etc) evenly contested （指比赛等）势均力敌的: a tight race, match, contest, etc 棋鼓相当的赛跑、 比赛、 竞争等. 4 fully stretched; taut 绷紧的; 拉紧的: a tight rope, belt, rein, etc 拉紧的绳子、 带子、 缰绳等 * My chest feels rather tight, eg because of asthma. 我觉得胸闷憋气（如因哮喘所致）. 5 [usu pred 通常作表语] (infml 口) drunk 喝醉酒: got a bit tight at the party 在聚会上喝得有些醉. 6 (finance 财) (a) (of money) not easy to obtain, eg on loan from banks （指钱）难得到的（如银行贷款）. (b) (of the money market) in which credit is severely restricted （指金融市场）银根紧的. 7 (infml 口) stingy; miserly 小气的; 抠搜; 吝啬的: She's tight with her money. 她在钱上特别抠唆. 8 (idm 习语) keep a tight `rein on sb/sth allow little freedom to sb/sth 对某人[某事物]严加约束. a ,tight `squeeze cramped or crowded situation 密集; 拥挤: We managed to get all the luggage into the car but it was a tight squeeze. 我们总算把行李都塞进汽车里了, 不过挤得要命. tight adv 1 tightly 紧; 紧紧地; 牢牢地 (not used beforea past participle: packed tight but tightly packed 过去分词之前不用tight而用tightly: packed tight及tightly packed): Hold tight! 抓紧了! 2 (idm 习语) sit tight => sit. sleep tight => sleep2. tighten / 5taItn; `taItn/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (up) (a) (cause sth to) become tight or tighter （使某物）变紧: This screw needs tightening. 这螺钉需再拧紧些. * tighten (up) the ropes 拉紧绳子 * He tightened his grip on her arm. 他紧抓住她的手臂. (b) (cause sth to) become stricter （使某事）变得更严格: Controls have gradually tightened. 控制逐渐加强. * tighten up security 使安全措施更严密. 2 (idm 习语) loosen/tighten the purse－strings => purse. tighten one's `belt eat less food, spend less money, etc because there is littleavailable 勒紧腰带（省吃俭用）: The management warnedof the need for further belt－tightening, ie economy. 资方提醒有必要进一步节约. 3 (phr v) tighten up (on sth) become more careful, vigilant or strict 变得更小心、 警惕或严格: The police are tightening up on drunken driving. 警方目前采取严厉手段对付醉酒驾车行为. tightly adv in a tight manner 紧紧地; 紧密地: squeeze sb tightly 紧紧地拥抱某人 * tightly sealed 密封的. tightness n [U]. tight－fisted adj stingy; miserly 吝啬的; 小气的. tight－lipped adj keeping the lips pressed firmly together,esp to restrain one's emotion or to keep silent; grim－looking 双唇紧闭的（尤指克制感情或保持沉默）; 表情冷酷的. tightrope / 5taItrEUp; `taIt9rop/ n 1 rope stretched tightly high above the ground, on which acrobats perform （供杂技演员表演用的）　紧的绳索或钢丝: [attrib 作定语] a tightrope walker 走钢丝的演员. 2 (idm 习语) tread/walk a `tightrope have to act in a situation which allowslittle scope for manoeuvre and in which an exact balance must be preserved 无甚回旋余地需小心权衡行事. tight / taIt; taIt/ adj (－er, －est) 1 fixed, fastened or drawn together firmly; hard to move or undo 牢的; 紧的; 不松动的; 难解开的: a tight knot 系紧的结 * I can't get the cork out of the bottle it's too tight. 我无法把瓶塞拔出来－－太紧了. * The drawer is so tight I can't open it. 这抽屉太紧了, 我打不开. * keep a tight hold on the rope 紧紧抓住绳子. 2 (a) fitting closely 紧密相合的: a tight joint 紧密的接合处 * These shoes are too tight for me. 这双鞋我穿著太紧. * a tight ship, ie one that does not leak 不漏水的船 * tight (ie strict) controls 严密的控制. (b) (in compound adjs 用以构成复合形容词) made so that a specified thing cannot get in or out 不漏的; 不透的:`airtight * `watertight. 3 (a) with things or people arrangedclosely 紧密的; 密集的: a tight mass of fibres 很紧的一团纤维 * a tight schedule, ie leaving little time to spare 紧凑的日程安排. (b) (of a game, etc) evenly contested （指比赛等）势均力敌的: a tight race, match, contest, etc 棋鼓相当的赛跑、 比赛、 竞争等. 4 fully stretched; taut 　紧的; 拉紧的: a tight rope, belt, rein, etc 拉紧的绳子、 带子、 　绳等 * My chest feels rather tight, eg because of asthma. 我觉得胸闷憋气（如因哮喘所致）. 5 [usu pred 通常作表语] (infml 口) drunk 喝醉酒: got a bit tight at the party 在聚会上喝得有些醉. 6 (finance 财) (a) (of money) not easy to obtain, eg on loan from banks （指钱）难得到的（如银行贷款）. (b) (of the money market) in which credit is severely restricted （指金融市场）银根紧的. 7 (infml 口) stingy; miserly 小气的; 抠搜; 吝啬的: She's tight with her money. 她在钱上特别抠唆. 8 (idm 习语) keep a tight `rein on sb/sth allow little freedom to sb/sth 对某人[某事物]严加约束. a ,tight `squeeze cramped or crowded situation 密集; 拥挤: We managed to get all the luggage into the car but it was a tight squeeze. 我们总算把行李都塞进汽车里了, 不过挤得要命. tight adv 1 tightly 紧; 紧紧地; 牢牢地 (not used beforea past participle: packed tight but tightly packed 过去分词之前不用tight而用tightly: packed tight及tightly packed): Hold tight! 抓紧了! 2 (idm 习语) sit tight => sit. sleep tight => sleep2. tighten / 5taItn; `taItn/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (up) (a) (cause sth to) become tight or tighter （使某物）变紧: This screw needs tightening. 这螺钉需再拧紧些. * tighten (up) the ropes 拉紧绳子 * He tightened his grip on her arm. 他紧抓住她的手臂. (b) (cause sth to) become stricter （使某事）变得更严格: Controls have gradually tightened. 控制逐渐加强. * tighten up security 使安全措施更严密. 2 (idm 习语) loosen/tighten the purse－strings => purse. tighten one's `belt eat less food, spend less money, etc because there is littleavailable 勒紧腰带（省吃俭用）: The management warnedof the need for further belt－tightening, ie economy. 资方提醒有必要进一步节约. 3 (phr v) tighten up (on sth) become more careful, vigilant or strict 变得更小心、 警惕或严格: The police are tightening up on drunken driving. 警方目前采取严厉手段对付醉酒驾车行为. tightly adv in a tight manner 紧紧地; 紧密地: squeeze sb tightly 紧紧地拥抱某人 * tightly sealed 密封的. tightness n [U]. tight－fisted adj stingy; miserly 吝啬的; 小气的. tight－lipped adj keeping the lips pressed firmly together,esp to restrain one's emotion or to keep silent; grim－looking 双唇紧闭的（尤指克制感情或保持沉默）; 表情冷酷的. tights / taIts; taIts/ n [pl] 1 (also pantihose, pantyhose) close－fitting garment covering the hips, legs and feet, worn by girls and women 裤袜（臀部、 腿部、 足部连成一件的女用紧身下装）: a pair of cotton tights 一条棉织裤袜. Cf 参看 stocking. 2 similar garment covering the legs and body, worn by acrobats, dancers, etc （杂技、 芭蕾舞等演员穿的）紧身衣. tike = tyke. tilde / 5tIldE, in sense 2 用於下述第2义时读作 tIld; `tIldE/ n 1 mark () placed over the Spanish n when it is pronounced ny / nj; nj/ (as in canon), or the Portuguese a or o when it is nasalized (as in Sao Paolo) 波形号, 鼻化符号（）（用以表示鼻音化的附加符号, 如西班牙语的 canon 或葡萄牙语的 Sao Paolo）. 2 mark (~) used in this dictionary to replace the headword in certain parts of an entry 代字号（~）（在本词典的词条项内代替某些首词的符号）. tile / taIl; taIl/ n 1 slab of baked clay or other material used in rows for covering roofs, walls, floors, etc （盖屋顶、 贴墙、 铺地等用的）瓦, 瓷砖, 板, 片: covered the wall in cork tiles 用软木板贴墙 * insulated the ceiling with expanded polystyrene tiles 用多孔聚苯乙烯板使天花板保温 * carpet tiles, ie carpet sold in small squares for laying in rows 小方地毯. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page vii. 2 any of the small flat pieces used in certain board games （某些用棋盘进行之游戏的）棋子. 3 (idm 习语) on the `tiles (sl 俚) enjoying oneself away from home in a wild or drunken way 在外狂欢或纵酒作乐. tile n [Tn] cover (a surface) with tiles 用瓦、 瓷砖等覆盖（某物表面）: a tiled bathroom 铺瓷砖的浴室. till => until. till / tIl; tIl/ n 1 drawer in which money is kept behind the counter in a shop, bank, etc or in a cash register （店铺、 银行等的）放钱的抽屉. 2 (idm 习语) have, etc one's fingers in the till => finger. till / tIl; tIl/ v [Tn] prepare and use (land) for growing crops 耕（地）. tillage / 5tIlIdV; `tIlIdV/ n [U] 1 action or process of tilling 耕种; 耕作. 2 tilled land 耕过的田地. tiller n person who tills 耕种者; 农夫. tiller / 5tIlE(r); `tIlL/ n horizontal bar used to turn the rudder of a small sailing－boat （小帆船的）舵柄. =>illus at yacht 见 yacht 插图. Cf 参看 helm. tilt / tIlt; tIlt/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (cause sth to) move into a sloping position （使某物）倾斜, 倾侧: This table tends to tilt (to one side/over). 这桌子歪（向一边[倒]）了. * Popular opinion has tilted (ie shifted) in favour of the Socialists. 公众舆论已倒向社会党人一边. * She sat listening, with her head tilted slightly to one side. 她坐著, 侧耳倾听. * Don't tilt your chair or you'll fall over! 别翘椅子, 不然你就摔倒了! * Tilt the barrel forward to empty it. 把桶向前倾, 倒出里面的东西. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (at sb/sth) run or thrust with a lance in jousting 骑马持长矛跑或刺杀. 3 (idm 习语) tilt at `windmills fight imaginary enemies 攻击想像中的敌人. 4 (phr v) tilt at sb/sth attack sb/sth in speech or writing 用言语或文字攻击某人[某事]; 抨击: a satirical magazine tilting at public figures 攻击社会名流的讽刺性杂志. tilt n 1 (usu sing 通常作单数) tilting; sloping position 倾斜; 倾斜的位置: with a tilt of his head 他的头侧著 * The table is on/at a slight tilt. 这张桌子没放平, 有点儿歪. 2 act of tilting with a lance 骑马用长矛刺杀. 3 (idm 习语) full pelt/speed/tilt => full. have a tilt at sb attack sb in a friendly way during a debate, conversation, etc （在辩论、 交谈等中）善意抨击某人. tilth / tIlW; tIlW/ n [U] depth of soil affected by cultivation 耕作深度: rake a seed－bed to a good tilth, ie until there is a depth of fine crumbly soil 把苗床耙至适当深度. timber / 5tImbE(r); `tImbL/ n 1 (US lumber) [U] wood prepared for use in building or carpentry （建筑或木工用的）木材, 木料: dressed timber, ie sawn, shaped and planed ready for use 刨好的木材 * [attrib 作定语] a `timber－merchant 木材商 * a `timber－yard, ie where timber is stored, bought and sold, etc 木材场. 2 [U] trees suitable for this 用材林: standing (ie growing) timber 未伐的树木 * cut down/fell timber 伐木 * put a hundred acres of land under timber, ie plant it with trees 种植一百英亩用材林. 3 [C] piece of wood, esp a beam, used in constructing a house or ship （造房屋或船用的）木料, （尤指）大梁: roof/floor timbers 房檩[地板龙骨]. timber interj (used as a warning that a tree is about to fall after being cut 伐木工在树木将倒时示警的呼喊声). timbered / 5tImbEd; `tImbLd/ adj 1 (of buildings) built of wooden beams or with a framework of these （指建筑物）木造的, 木结构的. 2 (of land) planted with trees; wooded （指土地）生长著树木的, 有林木的. timber－line n [sing] = tree－line (tree). timber－wolf n large grey wolf of N America （北美产的）大灰狼. timbre / 5tAmbrE, 5tImbE(r); `tAmbL, `tImbL/ n characteristicquality of sound produced by a particular voice or instrument 音色; 音质; 音品. time / taIm; taIm/ n 1 [U] all the years of the past, present and future 时间: past/present/future time 过去的[现在的/将来的]时间 * The world exists in space and time. 世界存在於空间与时间之中. 2 [U] passing of these taken as a whole 时间流逝: Time has not been kind to her looks, ie She is no longer as beautiful as she was. 岁月无情, 她已失去昔日的美貌. * (old) Father Time, ie this process personified 时间老人（拟人化用法）. 3 [U] indefinite period in the future 未来的某段时间: Time heals all wounds. 时间能医好一切创伤. 4 [U] portion or measure of time 一段时间: That will take time, ie cannot be done quickly. 那要花费些时间. * I don't have (much) time to read these days. 我这些日子没（什麽）时间读书. * We have no time to lose, ie We must hurry. 我们不能耽误时间了（要抓紧）. * What a waste of time! 太浪费时间了! * I spent most of my time (in) sightseeing. 我大部分时间都用在观光游览上了. * I'm rather pressed for time, ie in rather a hurry. 我的时间很紧. * What a (long) time you've been! 你花费那麽长的时间了! * I had a most unpleasant time at the dentist's. 我在牙医那里受了大罪. 5 [U] point of time stated in hours and minutes of the day 一天中以时、 分表达的时间的某一点: What time is it?/What is the time? 几点钟了? * Do you have the time (on you)? 你知道现在几点了吗? * My youngest daughter has just learnt to tell the time. 我最小的女儿刚学会看表. =>App 4, 5 见附录4、 5. 6 [U, C] period of time measured in units (years, months, hours, etc) 以（年、 月、 小时等）单位计量的时间: The winner's time was 11.6 seconds. 获胜者用的时间是11.6秒. * He ran the mile in record time, ie faster than any previous runner. 他跑一英里的时间已创记录. * Although she came second their times were only a tenth of a second apart. 她虽然得第二名, 但与第一名仅差十分之一秒. =>App 4, 5, 11 见附录4、 5、 11. 7 [U] measured time spent in work, etc 用於工作等的时间: be on short time, ie a reduced working week 论星期开工时间不足 * paid time and a half/double time, ie paid one and a half times/twice the usual rate 付予一倍半[双倍]工资. 8 [U] point or period of time used, available or suitablefor sth （用於、 有或适於）做某事的时间: at the time you'respeaking of 在你所说的时间 * by the time we reached home 到我们回到家的时候 * last time I was there 我上次在那儿的时候 * every time I see her 每次我见到她的时候 * `lunch－time 午餐时间 * This is not the time to bring up that subject. 现在不是提那事的时候. * Now's your time, ie opportunity. 你的机会来了. * It's time we were going/time for us to go, ie We should leave now. 我们现在该走了. * Time is up, ie The time allowed for sth is ended. 时间到了（规定的时间）. * Time, please! ie warning that a pub is about to close. 请注意, 时间到了（酒馆营业时间结束的提醒语）. 9 [C] occasion; instance次数; 次; 回: this, that, another, next, last, etc time 这、 那、 另一、 下、 上...次 * the time before last 上上次 * for the first, second, last, etc time 第一回、 第二回、 最後一回 * He failed his driving test five times. 他考驾驶执照五次都没及格. * told sb umpteen, a dozen, countless, etc times (ie repeatedly) not to do sth 一再告诉某人别那样做. 10 [C often pl 常作复数] (a) period of time associated with certain events, people, etc 时代; 时期: in `Stuart times/the time(s) of the `Stuarts, ie when the Stuart kings ruled 在斯图亚特王朝时代 * in `ancient, prehis`toric, `recent, etc times 在古代、 史前期、 近代 * Mr Curtis was the manager in `my time, ie when I was working there. 我在那儿工作时, 柯蒂斯先生是经理. * The house is old but it will last `my time, ie will serve me for the rest of my life. 这房子旧是旧了, 但在我有生之 年尚可居住. (b) period of time associated with certain conditions, experiences, etc （与某情况、 经历等有关的）时期: University was a good time for me. 我的大学时期十分愉快. * Times are hard for the unemployed. 失业者的日子很难熬. * in time(s) of danger, hardship, prosperity,etc 在危险、 艰苦、 繁荣等时期. 11 [U] (music 音) (a) type of rhythm 拍子: `common time, ie two or four beats in each bar 普通拍子（每小节两拍或四拍） * three `eight time, ie three quavers to the bar 八分之三拍 * in `waltz/`march time 以华尔兹[进行曲]的拍子 * beating time to the music 随乐曲打拍子. (b) rate at which a piece of music is to be played; tempo （乐曲演奏的）速度: quick time 快速. 12 (idm 习语) (and) about `time (`too) (infml 口) and this is sth that should have happened some time ago 早该发生的事; 早该如此: I hear old Fred got promoted last week and about time too, I'd say. 我听说弗雷德上星期升职了－－我看早就该升了. ahead of `time earlier than expected 提前. ahead of one's `time having ideas that are too advanced or enlightened for the period in which one lives 具有超前意识; 思想超越同时代的人. all the `time (a) during the whole of the time in question （在该段时间内）一直: That letter I was searching for was in my pocket all the time, ie while I was searching for it. 我找的那封信其实一直就在我口袋里. (b) always 向来; 一向: He's a business man all the time, ie He has no other interest. 他一向是做生意的. at `all times always 随时; 永远: I'm at your service at all times. 我随时为您效劳. (even) at the best of times => best3. at `one time at some period in the past; formerly 一度; 从前: At one time I used to go skiing every winter. 我有一度每到冬季就去滑雪. at `other times on other occasions 在其他时候; 也有时候: Sometimes he's fun to be with; at other times he can be very moody. 有时候他很有风趣, 可也有时候脾气一上来就喜怒无常. at the same time => same. at a `time in sequence; separately 依次; 逐一; 每次: Don't try to do everything at once; take it a bit at a time. 不要什麽事情都一块儿干, 要一次做一点儿. * Take the pills two at a time. 每次服两粒. at the `time at a certain moment or period in the past 在那时; 在那段时间: I agreed at the time but later changed my mind. 我当时同意了, 但後来又变了主意. * We were living in London at the time. 我们那阵儿住在伦敦. at `my, `your, `his, etc time of life at my, your, his, etc age 在我、 你、 他...这样的年纪: He shouldn't be playing football at his time of life, ie He is too old for it. 在他这把年纪可不该踢足球了. at `times sometimes 有时; 间或. before one's `time before the period onecan remember or the point at which one became involved在本人记事之前; 在与本人有关的时刻之前: The Beatles were a bit before my time. 披头士乐队风靡的时候我还不记事儿呢. * The headquarters used to be in Bristol, but that was before my time, ie before I worked there. 总部当时设在布里斯托尔, 但那时我还没到总部工作. behind `time late 迟; 晚: The plane was an hour behind time. 班机误点一小时. * He's always behind time with the rent. 他总晚交租金. behind the `times no longer fashionable or modern in one's ideas, methods, etc 思想、 方法等陈旧的; 过时的; 落伍的. better luck next time => better1. bide one's time => bide. the big time => big. born before one's time => born. borrowed time => borrow. buy time => buy. do `time (sl 俚) serve a prison sentence 服刑: He's done time for armed robbery. 他曾因持械抢劫罪而服刑. every time whenever possible; whenever a choice can be made 无论何时; 任何时候: Different people like different sorts of holiday, but give me the seaside every time. 各人有各人的度假方式, 我总是喜欢去海边. for old times' sake => old. for a `time for a short period 短时间内; 暂时. for the time `being until some other arrangement is made 暂且: You'll have your own office soon but for the time being you'll have to share one. 你很快就有自己的办公室了, 不过暂时还得和别人合用一间. from/since ,time imme`morial (saying 谚) from/since longer ago than anyone can remember 自古以来. from ,time to `time now and then; occasionally 不时; 偶尔; 间或. gain time => gain2. give sb/have a rough, hard, etc `time (of it) (cause sb to) suffer, esp from harassment, overwork, etc （使某人）受折磨, 吃苦（尤指因烦扰、 过劳等）. (in) half the time (a) (in) a much shorter time than expected （以）远较预期短的时间: If you'd given the job to me I could have done it in half the time. 你要是把这活儿交给我, 我早就做完了. (b) a considerable time; too long a time 相当长的时间; 过长的时间: I'm not surprised he didn't complete the exam: he spent half the time looking out of the window. 他没答完试卷, 我并不感到奇怪: 他朝著窗外看了半天了. have an easy time => easy. have, etc a good `time enjoy oneself, generally or on a particular occasion 过得很愉快; 玩儿得很痛快. have/give sb a high old time => high1. have a lot of time for sb/sth (infml 口) be enthusiastic about sb/sth 对某人[某事物]极感兴趣. have no time for sb/sth be unable or unwilling to spend time on sb/sth; dislike sb/sth 不能或不愿为某人[某事]花费时间; 不喜欢某人[某事物]: I've no time for lazy people/laziness. 我讨厌懒人[懒惰行为]. have a thin time => thin. have the ,time of one's `life (infml 口) be exceptionally happy or excited 异常高兴或兴奋: The children had the time of their lives at the circus. 孩子们看马戏时别提多高兴了. have time on one's hands/time to kill (infml 口) have nothing to do 没事可做. have a whale of a time => whale. (it is) `high/a`bout time the time is long overdue when sth should happen or be done 早就该有某事或做某事了: It's high time you stopped fooling around and started looking for a job. 你可别再游手好闲了, 也该找份工作了吧. in course of time => course1. in the fullness of time => fullness (full). in good time early 早: There wasn't much traffic so we got there in very good time. 路上车不多, 所以我们早早就到那儿了. (all) in good `time after a reasonable or appropriate space of time, but not immediately 不消多久（但并非立刻）: `Can we have lunch now I'm hungry.' `All in good time.' ｀咱们现在能吃午饭了吗－－我饿了.＇｀很快就好了.＇ in the nick of time => nick1. in (less than) `no time very quickly 极快; 立即; 马上. in one's own good `time at the time or rate that one decides oneself 以自己定的时间和速度: There's no point getting impatient with her; she'll finish the job in her own good time. 不必跟她著急, 她自己能找时间完成工作的. in one's own time in one's free time; outside working hours 在闲暇时; 业余时间. in one's own sweet time => sweet1. in one's `time at a previous period or on a previous occasion in one's life 在自己一生中一度: I've seen some slow workers in my time but this lot are the slowest by far. 我以前倒也见过一些笨工人, 但是这群人可算是最笨的了. in `time sooner or later; eventually 迟早; 最後: You'll learn how to do it in time. 你早晚能学会做这件事的. in time (for sth/to do sth) not late 及时; 不迟: Will I be in time for the train/to catch the train? 我赶得上那趟火车吗? in/out of `time (music 音) in/not in the correct time1(11) 合[不合]节拍: tapping one's fingers in time to/with the music 用手指合著音乐的拍子轻轻敲. it's only a matter of time => matter1. keep `time (a) (of a clock or watch) show the correct time （指钟表）走得准: My watch always keeps excellent time. 我的表非常准. (b) sing or dance in time1(11) 按节拍唱歌或跳舞. keep up, move, etc with the `times change one's attitudes, behaviour, etc in accordance with what is now usual 随著潮流改变态度、 行为等. kill time => kill. long time no see => long1. lose/waste no time (in doing sth) do sth quickly and without delay 赶紧做某事. make good, etc `time complete a journey quickly 路上花的时间很短. make up for lost time => lost2. `many's the time (that); `many a time many times; frequently 多次; 常常: Many's the time (that) I've visited Rome. 我曾多次到罗马游览. * I've visited Rome many a time. 我到罗马去游览过很多次. mark time => mark2.near her `time (of a pregnant woman) about to give birth （指孕妇）临产. ,nine times out of `ten; ,ninety－nine times out of a `hundred almost always 十之八九; 几乎总是. (there is) no time like the present (saying 谚) now is the best time to do sth 现在是做某事的最佳时机. once upon a time => once. on `time neither late nor early; punctually 按时; 准时:The train arrived (right/bang) on time. 火车正点到达.pass the time of day => pass2. play for `time tryto gain time by delaying （以拖延的手段）争取时间.procrastination is the thief of time => procrastination (procrastinate). a race against time => race1. quite some time => quite. a sign of the times => sign1. a stitch in time saves nine => stitch. take one's `time (over sth/to do sth/doing sth) (a) use as much time as one needs; not hurry 要用多少时间就用多少; 不著急: Take your time there's no rush. 你用多长时间都行－－不著急. (b) (ironic 反语) beunreasonably late or slow 晚得或慢得离谱: You certainlytook your time getting here! 你来得这麽晚, 也太不像话了! tell the time => tell. ,time after `time; ,time and (time) a`gain; ,times without `number on many occasions; repeatedly 无数次; 屡次; 一再. time and tide wait for `no man (saying 谚) no one can delay the passing of time (so one should not put off a favourable opportunity to do sth) 岁月不待人（机不可失）. time `flies (saying 谚) time passes quickly, esp more quickly than one realizes 光阴似箭: Oh dear hasn't time flown! 天哪－－时间如白驹过隙呀! time hangs/lies heavy on one's `hands time passes too slowly (esp because one has nothing to do) 时间过得太慢（尤指因无所事事）. time is on sb's `side sb can afford to wait before doing or achieving sth 某人有充足的时间等待做某事: Although she failed the exam she has time on her side: she'll still be young enough to take it in her next year. 她虽然没考及格但时间有的是, 她还年轻可以明年再考. the time is ripe for sth/sb to do sth it is the right moment for (doing) sth （做）某事的时机成熟. the time of `day the hour as shown by a clock （钟表指示的）时刻, 时间. time presses we must not delay 时间紧迫. time `was (when)... there has been a time when... 曾经有那麽个时候...: Time was you could get a good three－course meal for less than a pound. 那年头吃一顿三道菜的好饭还花不了一英镑. time (alone) will `tell, etc it will become obvious with the passing of time 时间能证明: Time will show which of us is right. 时间能证明咱们谁对谁错. watch the time => watch2. work, etc against `time work, etc as fast as possible so as to finish by a specified time 尽快工作以按时完成; 赶任务. time bomb bomb that can be set to explode after a certain period of time 定时炸弹. time－card (also `time－sheet) n record of the number of hours sb works 考勤卡; 工作时间记录卡. time－consuming adj taking or needing much time 耗费时间的: Some of the more time－consuming jobs can now be done by machines. 有些更费时间的工作现在可以用机器做了. time exposure photographic exposure in which the shutter is left open for longer than the briefest time (ie usu more than a second or two) 长时间曝光（即通常指一两秒钟以上的）. time－fuse n fuse designed to burn for or explode after a given time 定时引信. time－honoured (US time－honored) adj (esp of a custom, etc) respected because of long tradition （尤指习俗等）因有悠久传统而受尊重的. timekeeper n 1 person or device that records time spent at work 工作时间记录员或记录器. 2 (preceded by an adj 用於形容词之後) watch or clock 表; 时钟: a good/bad (ie accurate/inaccurate) timekeeper 走得准的[不准的]时计. time－lag n interval of time between two connected events （两件相关事情的）时间间隔; 时滞: the time－lag between a flash of lightning and the thunder 闪电和打雷相隔的时间 * the time－lag between research and development研究与开发之间相隔的时间. time－limit n limit of time within or by which sth must be done 时限; 期限: set a time－limit for the completion of a job 为一项工作规定完成的期限. timepiece n (fml 文) clock or watch 钟; 表; 时计. time－scale n period of time in which a sequence of events takes place; successive stages of a process, an operation, etc （一系列事件发生的）一段时间; （过程、操作等的）连续阶段. time－server n (derog 贬) person who adopts fashionableopinions or those held by people in power, esp for selfish purposes 随波逐流者, 趋炎附势者（尤指为达到个人目的）. time－serving adj [esp attrib 尤作定语] behaving like a time－server 随波逐流的; 趋炎附势的: time－serving politicians 趋炎附势的政客. time－sharing n [U] 1 use of a computer for different operations by two or more people at the same time 分时（计算机使用方法, 可使至少两用户同时操作各自的程序）. 2 arrangement in which a holiday home is owned jointly by several people who agree to use it each at different times of the year 几人分时使用度假住房的方法. time－sheet n = time－card. time－signal n sound or sounds indicating the exact time of day 报时信号. time－switch n switch that can be set to operate automatically at a certain time （自动）定时开关: The central heating is on a time－switch. 集中供热设备是定时开关的. timetable (also esp US schedule) n list showing the time at which certain events will take place 时间表; 时刻表: a school timetable, ie showing the time of each class 课程表 * a train, bus, ferry, etc timetable 火车、 公共汽车、 渡轮等的时刻表 * I've got a very busy timetable this week, ie a lot of appointments, etc. 我这星期的时间安排很紧. time warp (in science fiction) distortion of time so that the past or the future becomes the present （科幻小说中的）时间错位（过去或将来的时间均出现於现在）. time－worn adj worn or damaged by age 用久而磨损或毁坏的: a time－worn (ie hackneyed) expression 陈词滥调. time zone region (between two parallels of longitude) where a common standard time is used 时区（地球两平行经线范围内共用标准时间的区域）. time / taIm; taIm/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.t esp passive 尤用於被动语态] choose the time or moment for (sth); arrange the time of 选择（某事）的时机; 安排...的时间: You've timed your holiday cleverly the weather's at its best. 你真会选度假时间－－正是天气最好的时候. * His remark was well/badly timed, ie made at a suitable/an unsuitable moment. 他说的话正合[不合]时宜. * Kick－off is timed for 2.30. 足球开赛时间定於下午2时 30分. * The train is timed to connect with the ferry. 火车时刻编排得可与渡轮运行时刻衔接. * The bomb was timed to explode during the rush－hour. 炸弹选在人最多时爆炸. 2 [Tn] (sport 体) make (a stroke) or strike (the ball) at a certain moment （在某一时刻）发出（一击）或击（球）: He timed that shot beautifully. 他这一击时间恰到好处. 3 [Tn, Tw] measure the time taken by (a runner, etc) or for (a race, process, etc) （为跑者、 赛跑、 某过程等）计时: This egg is hard you didn't time it properly. 这鸡蛋煮老了－－你没掌握好火候. * Time me while I do/Time how long it takes me to do two lengths of the pool. 给我记一下我游一个来回的时间. timer n (often in compounds 常用以构成复合词) person or device that times sth 记时员; 记时器: an `egg－timer 煮蛋计时器. timing n [U] (a) determining or regulating the time when an action or event occurs 定时; 调整时间: [attrib 作定语] a `timing device 定时装置 * The timing of the announcement was rather unexpected. 选择那个时间公布, 真出人意料. * valve timing, ie the time at which valves in a motor engine open and close 阀定时. (b) skill in this, as a way of achieving the desired result 时间的选择; 时机的掌握: He's not playing his shots well his timing is faulty. 他没打好－－时间掌握不当. * A good actor must learn the art of timing, ie when to deliver a line most effectively. 要想当个好演员就要学会掌握道白的时间分寸. timeless / 5taImlIs; `taImlIs/ adj (fml or rhet 文或修辞) 1 not appearing to be affected by the passing of time 不受时间影响的: her timeless beauty 她那永不衰退的姿色 * a landscape with a timeless quality 价值永存的风景画. 2 unending; permanent 永远的; 永久的: the timeless laws of nature 永恒的自然法则. timelessly adv. timelessness n [U]. timely / 5taImlI; `taImlI/ adj (－ier, －iest) occurring at just the right time; opportune 及时的; 适时的; 合时宜的: thanks to your timely intervention 多亏你及时调停 * This has been a timely reminder of the need for constant care.这件事适时地提起我们注意要时时谨慎. timeliness n [U]. timetable (also esp US schedule) n list showing the time at which certain events will take place 时间表; 时刻表: a school timetable, ie showing the time of each class 课程表 * a train, bus, ferry, etc timetable 火车、 公共汽车、 渡轮等的时刻表 * I've got a very busy timetable this week, ie a lot of appointments, etc. 我这星期的时间安排很紧. timid / 5tImId; `tImId/ adj easily frightened; shy 胆怯的; 羞怯的: as timid as a rabbit 胆小如兔. timidity / tI5mIdEtI; tI`mIdEtI/, timidness ns [U]. timidly adv. timorous / 5tImErEs; `tImErEs/ adj (fml 文) timid 胆怯的; 羞怯的. timorously adv. timorousness n [U]. timpani / 5tImpEnI; `tImpEnI/ n [sing or pl v] set of kettledrums in an orchestra （交响乐团中的）定音鼓. timpanist / 5tImpEnIst; `tImpEnIst/ n person who plays the timpani 定音鼓手. tin / tIn; tIn/ n 1 [U] chemical element, a soft white metal used in alloys and for coating iron and steel to prevent corrosion : [attrib 作定语] tin cans 镀锡白铁罐 * a tin whistle 锡哨. =>App 10 见附录10. 2 (also esp US can) [C] (a) container made of tin plate, esp one in which food is sealed to preserve it 马口铁容器; （尤指）罐头盒: open a tin of beans 开一听豆子罐头. =>illus at can 见 can 插图. (b) contents of this 罐头所盛之物: He ate a whole tin of stew. 他吃了整整一听炖肉. 3 (idm 习语) a (little) tin `god (infml 口) person or thing that is greatly respected or worshipped for no good reason 受到不应得的崇敬之人或物. tin v (－nn－) [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (US can) seal (food) in a tin(2a) to preserve it 将（食物）制成罐头: tinned sardines, peas, peaches 罐头沙丁鱼、 豌豆、 桃. tinny adj (－ier, －iest) (derog 贬) 1 (of metal objects) not strong or solid （指金属制品）不结实的: a cheap tinny radio 廉价的劣质收音机. 2 having a thin metallic sound 发出薄的金属声的: a tinny piano 发洋铁罐声的钢琴. tin foil very thin sheets of tin or aluminium alloy used for wrapping and packing things （包装物品用的）锡纸: a roll of tin foil 一卷锡纸. tin hat (army sl 军俚) soldier's steel helmet （士兵的）钢盔. tin－opener n device or tool for opening tins of food 开罐器; 罐头刀. tin plate iron or steel sheets coated with tin 镀锡铁皮; 马口铁. tinpot adj [attrib 作定语] (derog 贬) inferior or worthless 劣质的; 不值钱的: a tinpot little dictator 无足轻重的独裁者. tinsmith n person who makes things out of tin or tin plate 锡匠; 白铁匠. tin－tack n short nail made of iron coated with tin 镀锡平头铁钉. tin whistle (also penny whistle) simple musical instrument, played by blowing, with six holes for the different notes 六孔小笛. tin－pan alley / 9tIn pAn 5lI; 9tIn pAn `AlI/ (infml sometimes derog 口, 有时作贬义) composers, performersand publishers of popular music and the type of life they live 流行音乐作曲家、 表演者、 出版商及其生活方式: He's been in tin－pan alley for twenty years. 他二十年来一直演奏流行乐曲. tincture / 5tINktFE(r); `tINktFL/ n ~ (of sth) 1 [C, U] medical substance dissolved in alcohol 酊; 酊剂: a/some tincture of iodine, quinine, etc 一些碘酊、 奎宁酊等. 2 [sing] (fml 文) slight trace or flavour (of a thing or quality) （事物或性质的）些微迹象或特色: a tincture of heresy 稍有异端意味. tincture v [Tn, Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ sth (with sth) (fml 文) tinge or flavour sth; affect sth slightly (with a quality) 使某物染色、 著色、 有气味或稍受（某种性质）影响. tinder / 5tIndE(r); `tIndL/ n [U] any dry substance that catches fire easily 乾燥易燃之物. tinder－box n box containing tinder with a flint and steel, formerly used for lighting a fire 火绒盒: (fig 比喻)There is much racial unrest in the community and the wholeplace is a tinder－box, ie violence could easily break out. 该社区存在种族骚乱, 整个地区随时都能酿出大祸. tine / taIn; taIn/ n (a) any of the points or prongs of a fork, harrow, etc （叉、 耙等的）尖, 齿. (b) branch of a deer's antler 鹿角的分叉. ting / tIN; tIN/ n clear ringing sound 丁零声. ting v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) make such a sound （使某物）发丁零声. ting－a－ling n series of tings, made eg by a small bell 一连串丁零声（如小铃发出的）. adv: The bell went ting－a－ling. 铃铛丁零零地响. tinge / tIndV; tIndV/ v [Tn, Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ sth (with sth) 1 colour sth slightly 使某物稍染颜色: hair tinged with grey 有些花白的头发. 2 affect sth slightly 使某事物略受影响: admiration tinged with envy 稍含妒意的赞美. tinge n (esp sing 尤作单数) ~ (of sth) slight colouring or trace 淡淡的色调或痕迹: There was a tinge of sadness in her voice. 她的声音中有几分伤感. * Do I detect a tinge of irony? 我觉得这话有点儿像反话吧? tingle / 5tINgl; `tIN^l/ v (a) [I, Ipr] ~ (with sth) have a slight pricking, stinging or throbbing feeling in the skin 皮肤感到轻微的刺痛: The slap she gave him made hischeek tingle. 他挨了她一个嘴巴, 脸上热辣辣的. * fingers tingling with cold 手指冻得发疼. (b) [Ipr] ~ with sth (fig 比喻) be affected by (an emotion) 受（某种情绪）的影响: tingling with excitement, indignation, shock, etc 感到兴奋、 愤慨、 吃惊等. tingle n (usu sing 通常作单数) tingling feeling 刺痛之感: have a tingle in one's fingertips 指尖感到刺痛 * feel a tingle of anticipation 因有预感觉得痛苦. tinker / 5tINkE(r); `tINkL/ n 1 [C] person who travels from place to place repairing kettles, pans, etc （走街串巷的）小炉匠儿. 2 [sing] ~ (at/with sth) act of tinkering （随便的或胡乱的）做事, （尤指）修补, 修理, 改进: I had a tinker at your radio, but I can't mend it. 我把你的收音机修了一下, 但没修好. tinker v [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (at/with sth) work in a casual or inexpert way, esp trying to repair or improve sth 随便地或以外行方式做（尤指试著修理或改进某物）: tinker (away) at a broken clock 胡乱修理（著）出毛病的钟 * He likes tinkering with computers. 他爱乱改进计算机. * Who's been tinkering (around) with the wiring? 谁总瞎改动电线线路? tinkle / 5tINkl; `tINkl/ n (esp sing 尤作单数) 1 series of short light ringing sounds 一连串的丁零声: the tinkle of a bell, of breaking glass, of ice being stirred in a drink 铃、 玻璃破碎、 冰块在饮料中搅动的丁零声. 2 (Brit infml 口) telephone call 电话通话: Give me a tinkle when you get home. 你一到家就给我打个电话. tinkle v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) make a tinkle （使某物）发丁零声. tinny => tin. tinsel / 5tInsl; `tInsl/ n [U] 1 glittering metallic substance used in strips or threads as a decoration （装饰用的）光片, 金属线: decorate a Christmas tree with tinsel 用光亮金属片装饰圣诞树 * a dress trimmed with tinsel 饰有光片的连衣裙. 2 (derog 贬) superficial brilliance or glamour 表面的光彩或魅力. tinselled / －sld; －sEld/, tinselly / －sElI; －slI/ adjs 1 decorated with tinsel 饰有光片或金属线的. 2 (derog 贬) superficially brilliant or glamorous 外表有光彩或有魅力的. tint / tInt; tInt/ n 1 shade or variety of a colour 色度; 颜色的浓淡: tints of green in the sky at dawn 黎明时天空中浓淡不同的青色 * an artist who excels at flesh tints, ie painting the colours of the human body 善於画人体颜色的画家 * red with a bluish tint 发蓝的红色. 2 (a) weak dye for colouring the hair 染发剂. (b) act of colouring the hair in this way 染发: She had a tint. 她染头发了. tint v [Tn, Cn.a] apply or give a tint to (sth); tinge 在（某物）上著色; 稍染: leaves tinted in autumn colours 秋色点染的树叶 * blue－tinted hair 染蓝的头发 * (fig 比喻) His comments were tinted with sarcasm. 他的评论带有讽刺的味道. tiny / 5taInI; `taInI/ adj (－ier, －iest) 1 very small 极小的; 微小的: a tiny baby 小小的婴儿 * living in a tiny cottage 住在小村舍里 * I feel a tiny bit better today. 我今天觉得稍好一点儿. 2 (idm 习语) the patter of tiny feet => patter2. tip / tIp; tIp/ n 1 pointed or thin end of sth 尖端; 尖儿: the tips of one's fingers/one's fingertips 手指尖 * the tip of one's nose 鼻尖 * walking on the tips of her toes （她）踮著脚走 * the northern tip of the island 岛的北端. 2 small part or piece fitted to the end of sth （装在某物顶端的）小部分或小物件: shoes with metal tips 带金属包头的鞋 * a cane with a rubber tip 带橡皮头的手杖. 3 (idm 习语) (have sth) on the tip of one's `tongue just about to be spoken or remembered 话到嘴边或几乎想起: His name's on the tip of my tongue, but I just can't think of it. 他的名字就在嘴边上, 可我就是想不起来. the tip of the `iceberg small but evident part of a much larger concealed situation, problem, etc 重要情况、 重大问题等显露出的小部分: Over 100 burglaries are reported every month, and that's just the tip of the iceberg, ie many more occur but are not reported. 每月报案的入室盗窃案超过百起, 而这只不过是已知的一小部分. tip v (－pp－) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) fit a tip to sth; put on the tip of sth 给某物装上尖头; 置於某物顶端: filter－tipped cigarettes 带过滤嘴的香烟 * The legs of the table were tipped with rubber. 桌子腿装上了橡皮头. * The native warriors tipped their spears with poison. 土著斗士把毒药涂在长矛尖上. tip / tIp; tIp/ v (－pp－) 1 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] (a) ~ (sth) (up) (cause sth to) rise, lean or tilt on one side or at one end （使某物）侧边提高, 倾斜, 翻倒: Don't lean on the table or it'll tip up. 别倚桌子, 不然就倚倒了. * Tip the box up and empty it. 把那盒子翻过来倒空. (b) ~ (sth) (over) (cause sth to) turn or fall over （使某物）翻转, 倾覆: Careful! You'll tip the boat over. 当心! 你要把船弄翻了. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (Brit) cause (the contents of sth) to pour out by tilting 将（所盛之物）倒出: No rubbish to be tipped here/No tipping, eg on a notice warning people not to dump rubbish. 此处禁倒垃圾. * Tip the dirty water out of the bowl and into the sink. 把盆里的脏水倒入洗涤槽里. * My neighbour has been tipping dead leaves over the wall into my garden. 我的邻居把落叶从墙头上倒进我的花园里了. * The train stopped abruptly, nearly tipping me out of my bunk. 火车突然停住, 我差点儿从　位上摔下来. 3 (idm 习语) tip the `balance/`scale be the deciding factor for or against sth 成为同意或反对某事物的决定因素: Her greater experience tipped the balance in her favour and she got the job. 她经验更丰富, 这是她得到那份工作的决定性因素. tip/turn the scale at sth => scale3. tip n 1 place where rubbish may be tipped (tip2 2) 垃圾弃置场: the municipal `refuse tip 市政局管理的垃圾弃置场 * take a broken old refrigerator to the tip 把废冰箱送到垃圾弃置场. Cf 参看 dump n 1. 2 (infml 口) dirty or untidy place 脏的或乱的地方: Their house is an absolute tip. 他们家简直是个垃圾堆. tipper lorry (also `tipper truck) lorry whose body can be raised at one end to tip out the contents 翻斗卡车; 自倾卸货卡车. tip－up adj [attrib 作定语] (of seats) that can be raised to allow people to pass easily, eg in a cinema （指座位）可翻起的（如戏院中的）. tip / tIp; tIp/ v (－pp－) 1 (a) [Tn] touch or strike (sth) lightly 轻触, 轻打, 轻敲（某物）: The ball just tipped the edge of his racket. 球仅仅碰到他球拍的边儿. (b) [Tn.pr, Tn.p] cause (sth) to move in the specified direction by doing this 将（某物）轻击向某方向: She just tipped the ball over the net. 她刚好把球击过网. 2 [Tn] give a small sum of money to (a waiter, taxi－driver, etc) 给（服务员、 计程车司机等）小费: tip the porter 50p 给搬运工50便士小费. 3 [Tn, Cn.n/a, Cn.t esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ sb/sth (as sth/to do sth) give advice or an opinion about sb/sth 就某人[某事物]提出建议或意见: tip the winner, ie name the winner of a race, etc before it takes place 事先指出获胜者（比赛等的） * He has been widely tipped as the President's successor/to succeed the President. 很多人认为他将继任总统. 4 (idm 习语) tip sb the `wink (infml 口) give sb private information; warn sb secretly 向某人透露秘密消息; 暗中警告某人. 5 (phr v) tip sb off (infml 口) give sb anadvance warning or hint 事先给某人警告或暗示: Someonetipped off the police about the robbery. 有人事先向警方报告了要有抢劫的消息. tip n 1 small sum of money given to a waiter, taxi－driver, etc as a personal reward for their services （给服务员、 计程车司机等的）小费, 小帐: He left a tip under his plate. 他把小费放在盘子下面了. 2 (a) small but useful piece of practical advice 有用的小建议; 实用的小提示: Here's a handy tip for removing stains from clothing. 有个除掉衣服上污点的窍门儿. (b) private or special piece of information, esp about horse－races, the stock－market, etc 私下的或特别的情报（尤指有关赛马、 股市等的）: a hot (ie very good) tip for the Derby 有关德比大赛马的极好的信息 * Take my tip/Take a tip from me and buy these shares now. 听我的, 立即买下这些股份. tip－off n hint or warning 暗示; 警告: ?Acting on a tip－off, the police arrested the drug smugglers. 警方根据密报逮捕了毒品走私者. tippet / 5tIpIt; `tIpIt/ n (a) long piece of fur, etc worn by a woman round the neck and shoulders, with the ends hanging down in front （女用）披肩. (b) similar article of clothing worn by judges, clergy, etc （法官等的）披肩; （教士的）圣带. tipple / 5tIpl; `tIpl/ v [I] be in the habit of drinking alcoholic drinks, esp too often or too much 酗酒: He started tippling when his wife left him. 他自妻子离去之後便开始酗酒. tipple n (usu sing 通常作单数) (infml 口) alcoholic drink 烈酒: What's your tipple? ie What would you like to drink? 你想喝什麽酒? * His favourite tipple is whisky. 他爱喝的烈酒是威士忌. tippler / 5tIplE(r); `tIplL/ n. tipster / 5tIpstE(r); `tIpstL/ n person who gives tips(tip3 n 2b), usu in return for money 提供赛马或股票等情报的人（通常指贩卖情报的）. tipsy / 5tIpsI; `tIpsI/ adj (－ier, －iest) (infml 口) slightly drunk 微醉的. tipsily adv. tipsiness n [U]. tiptoe / 5tIptEU; `tIp9to/ n (idm 习语) on `tiptoe on the tips of one's toes; with one's heels not touching the ground 踮著脚: stand on tiptoe to see over the crowd 踮 著脚隔著人群看 * creep around on tiptoe to avoid making a noise 踮著脚走以免弄出声音. tiptoe v [I, Ipr, Ip] walk quietly and carefully on tiptoe 踮著脚悄悄地走: She tiptoed (across) to the bed where the child lay asleep. 孩子睡著了, 她踮著脚走到他床前. =>Usage at prowl 用法见 prowl. tiptop / 9tIp5tCp; `tIp`tBp/ adj (infml 口) excellent; first－rate 极好的; 头等的; 一流的: tiptop quality 一流的质量 * That meal was tiptop. 那顿饭棒极了. TIR / 9ti: aI 5B:(r); 9ti aI `Br/ abbr 缩写 = (esp on lorries in Europe) international road transport (French Transport International Routier) （尤指欧洲载货卡车上的标记）国际陆路货运（源自法文 Transport International Routier）. tirade / taI5reId; ?@ 5taIreId; `taIred/ n long angry speech of criticism or accusation 长篇的批评性或谴责性讲话. tire / 5taIE(r); taIr/ v 1 [I, Tn, Tn.p] (cause a person or an animal to) become weary or in need of rest （使人或动物）疲劳, 疲倦: She's got so much energy she never seems to tire. 她精力充沛－－似乎从不感到疲倦. * Old people tire easily. 老年人容易疲倦. * The long walk tired me (out). 我长途步行之後很累. 2 [Ipr] ~ of sth/doing sth become uninterested in (doing) sth 对（做）某事感到厌倦: After a week I tired of eating fish. 我吃鱼吃了一个星期之後就腻了. * He never tires of the sound of his own voice, ie He talks too much. 他的话太多. tired / 5taIEd; taIrd/ adj 1 feeling that one would like to sleep or rest 困倦的; 疲倦的: He was a tired man when he got back from that long climb. 他长途爬山回来感到疲倦了. * I'm dead (ie extremely) tired. 我累得要死. 2 (derog 贬) over－familiar; hackneyed 陈旧的; 陈腐的: The film had a rather tired plot. 那电影的情节是老掉牙的. * see the same tired old faces at every party 每次聚会都看到这些熟悉的面孔. 3 (idm 习语) be (sick and) tired of sb/sth/doing sth have had enough of sb/sth/doing sth; be impatient or bored with sb/sth/doing sth 对某人[某事/做某事]不耐烦或感到厌烦: I'm tired of (listening to) your criticisms. 我听腻了你的批评. ,tired `out completely exhausted 筋疲力尽. tiredness n [U]. tireless adj not tiring easily; energetic 不易疲倦的; 精力充沛的: a tireless worker 不倦的工作者 * thanks to your tireless efforts on our behalf 多亏你为我们所做的不懈努力. tirelessly adv. tiresome / 5taIEsEm; `taIrsEm/ adj troublesome, tedious or annoying 令人厌倦的; 讨厌的; 烦人的: Selling your house can be a tiresome business. 卖房子有时候是很麻烦的事. * The children were being rather tiresome. 孩子们那时很讨人厌. tiresomely adv. tiring / 5taIErIN; `taIrIN/ adj: a tiring journey 令人疲倦的旅行 * The work is very tiring. 这个工作很累人. tire (US) = tyre. tiro (also tyro) / 5taIErEU; `taIro/ n (pl ~s) person with little or no experience; beginner or novice 缺乏经验的人; 新手; 生手. tissue / 5tIFu:; `tIFu/ n 1 [U, C] mass of cells forming the body of an animal or a plant （动植物的）组织: muscular, nervous, connective, etc tissue 肌肉、 神经、 结缔等组织 * The tissues have been destroyed and a scar has formed. 那些组织受到破坏, 结了疤. 2 [C] piece of soft absorbent paper that is thrown away after use (as a handkerchief, etc) （用作手帕等的）纸巾: a box of tissues 一盒纸巾 * `face/`facial tissues, ie for removing make－up, etc 面纸巾（用以清除脸部化妆物等的）. 3 (also `tissue－paper) [U] very thin soft paper used for wrapping and packing things （包装物品用的）薄纸, 绵纸. 4 [C, U] (any type of) fine thin woven fabric （任何种类的）薄织物. 5 [C] ~ (of sth) (fig 比喻) connected or interwoven series （相关的或交织的）一套, 一系列: His story is a tissue of lies. 他的话是一派谎言. * the complex tissue of myth and fact 虚实交错的复杂情况. tit / tIt; tIt/ n any of various types of small bird, often with a dark top to the head （任何一种）山雀: titmouse 山雀 * tomtit 山雀 * blue tit 蓝山雀. tit / tIt; tIt/ n (idm 习语) ,tit for `tat blow, injury, insult, etc given in return for one received 还击: He hit me so I hit him back it was tit for tat. 他打我, 我也打他－－以牙还牙. tit / tIt; tIt/ n 1 ( sl 讳, 俚) (a) (esp pl 尤作复数) woman's breast （女子的）乳房. (b) nipple 乳头; 奶头. 2 (Brit sl 俚) (used as a vulgar term of abuse 用作辱骂的粗俗词): He's a stupid little tit! 他这个蠢货! Titan / 5taItn; `taItn/ n (also titan) person of great size, strength, intellect, importance, etc 高大、 强壮、 智力高、 重要...的人. titanic / taI5tAnIk; taI`tAnIk/ adj gigantic; immense 巨大的; 极大的: The two of them are locked in a titanic struggle for control of the company. 他们俩为争夺对公司的控制权打得不可开交. titbit / 5tItbIt; `tIt9bIt/ (US tidbit / 5tIdbIt; `tId9bIt/) n (a) specially attractive bit of food 味美的少量食品: She always keeps some titbits to give to her cat. 她总留点儿特别好吃的东西喂猫. (b) ~ (of sth) small but interestingpiece of news, gossip, etc 趣闻; 轶闻: titbits of scandal 丑闻. tithe / taIT; taIT/ n one tenth of the annual produce of a farm, etc formerly paid as a tax to support the clergy and the church 什一税（旧时付给圣职人员和教会的农产品）. tithe barn barn built to store tithes 什一税农产品储存库. titillate / 5tItIleIt; `tItl9et/ v [Tn] stimulate or excite (sb), esp sexually 刺激（某人）（尤指性欲）: The book has no artistic merit its sole aim is to titillate (the reader). 那书毫无艺术价值, 只是撩拨（读者）情欲. titillating adj: a mildly titillating film 稍有性刺激的影片. titillation / 9tItI5leIFn; 9tItl`eFEn/ n [U]. titivate / 5tItIveIt; `tItE9vet/ v [I, Tn] (infml 口) make (esp oneself) smart or attractive 修饰, 打扮（尤指自己）: She spent an hour titivating (herself) before going out.她打扮了一个小时才出门儿. titivation / 9tItI5veIFn;9tItE`veFEn/ n [U]. title / 5taItl; `taItl/ n 1 [C] name of a book, poem, picture, etc （书、 诗歌、 图画等的）名称, 题目, 标题. 2 [C] word used to show a person's rank, occupation, etc (eg King, mayor, captain) or used in speaking to or about him (eg Lord, Doctor, Mrs) 称号; 头衔（如国王、 市长、 船长）;称谓（如勋爵、 博士、 夫人）: She has a title, ie is a memberof the nobility. 她有贵族头衔. 3 [U, C] ~ (to sth/to do sth) (law 律) right or claim, esp to the ownership of property 权益; 权利; （尤指）财产所有权: Has he any title to the land? 他有这块土地的所有权吗? * disputing the country's title to the islands 争论该国对那些岛是否有主权. 4 [C] (sport 体) championship 冠军: win the world heavyweight title 获重量级世界拳击冠军 * [attrib 作定语] a title fight 冠军争夺战. titled / 5taItld; `taItld/ adj having a title of nobility 有爵位的; 有贵族头衔的: a titled lady, eg a duchess 有爵位的女士（如女公爵）. title－deed n legal document proving sb's title to a property 房地产所有权契据. title－holder n (sport 体) champion 冠军: the British 800－metres title－holder 英国的800米冠军 * Liverpool are the current title－holders. 利物浦是目前的冠军. title－page n page at the front of a book giving the title, author's name, etc 书名页; 扉页. title－role n part in a play, etc that is used as the title （戏剧、 电影等中的）剧名角色, 片名角色: She has sung the title－role in `Carmen', ie sung the role of Carmen in that opera. 她在歌剧《卡门》中演唱卡门一角. titmouse / 5tItmaUs; `tIt9maJs/ n (pl titmice / －maIs;－9maIs/) type of tit1 山雀. titter / 5tItE(r); `tItL/ n short nervous laugh 短促而神经质的笑. titter v [I] give a titter 发出短促而神经质的笑声: The audience tittered politely. 听众很有礼貌地吃吃地笑了笑. tittle－tattle / 5tItl tAtl; `tItl9tAtl/ n [U] silly or trivial talk; petty gossip 闲谈; 聊天. tittle－tattle v [I] talk about unimportant things; gossip 闲谈; 聊天. titular / 5tItjUlE(r); ?@ －tFU－; `tItFElL/ adj [attrib 作定语] (fml 文) 1 having a certain title(2) or position but no real authority 名义上的; 有名无实的: the titular Head of State 名义上的国家元首 * titular sovereignty 有名无实的统治权. 2 held as the result of having a title(2) 由有称号或头衔的人持有的: titular sovereignty 因有头衔而持有的统治权. tizzy / 5tIzI; `tIzI/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) (infml 口) state of nervous excitement or confusion 紧张; 慌乱: be in/get in(to) a tizzy 处於紧张状态[慌张起来]. TM abbr 缩写 = trademark. tn abbr 缩写 = (US) ton(s); tonne(s). TNT / 9ti: en 5ti:; `ti9Zn`ti/ abbr 缩写 = trinitrotoluene (a powerful explosive) 三硝基甲苯（黄色炸药）. to / before consonants tE; tE; before vowels tU; tJ or tu:; tE; strong form tu:; tu 辅音前读作tE, 元音前读作tU或tu:; 强读式为tu:/ prep 1 (a) in the direction of (sth); towards 向, 朝, 对著（某方向或某处）: walk to the office 朝办公室走去 * I'm going to the shops. 我正要去商店. * fall to the ground 落到地上 * on the way to the station 在去火车站的路上 * point to sth 指向某物 * hold it (up) to the light 把它拿起来对著光 * turn to the left/right 向左[右]转 * travelling from town to town, place to place, etc 从一城到另一城、 从一地到另一地 * go to Majorca for one's holidays 去马霍卡岛度假 * He was taken to hospital for treatment. 把他送到医院治疗去了.(b) ~ the sth (of sth) located in a specified direction (from sth) 位於（某物的）某一方向: There are mountains to the north/south/east/west of here. 这儿的北[南/东/西]面有山. * Pisa is to the west (of Florence). 比萨在（佛罗伦萨的）西边. * The shed is to the side of the house. 小棚屋在房子的一边. 2 towards (a condition, state, quality, etc); reaching the state of (sth) 趋於, 倾向（某种情况、 状态、 性质等）; 至（某种）状态: a move to the left, eg in politics 转向左（如政治上） * stir sb to action 鼓动某人采取行动 * bring/reduce/move sb to tears 把某人感动得落泪 * rise to power 上台掌权 * He tore the letter to pieces. 他把那封信撕碎了. * The mother sang her baby to sleep. 母亲唱歌哄孩子睡觉. * Wait until the traffic lights change from red to green. 要等到交通灯由红变绿再走. 3 (a) as far as (sth); reaching 到（某处）; 达: The garden extends to the river bank. 这个花园直伸展到河岸. * Her dress reached down to her ankles. 她的连衣裙垂至脚踝. (b) (esp after from sth 尤用於from sth之後) until and including (sth) 直到并包括（某事物）: from beginning to end 自始至终 * from first to last 从头到尾 * faithful to the end/last 忠实到底 * wet, soaked, drenched, etc to the skin 浑身湿透 * cooked to perfection 烹调火候恰到好处 * count (from 1) to 10 （从1）数到10 * all the colours from red to violet 从红到紫的各种颜色 * from Monday to Friday 从星期一到星期五 * from morning to night 从早到晚 * How long is it to lunch? ie How much time is there until lunch? 离吃午饭还有多长时间? 4 (of time) before (sth) （指时间）在（某事物）之前: a quarter to six 差一刻六点 * ten (minutes) to two 一点五十（分）. Cf 参看 past2 1. 5 (used to introduce the indirect object of vs marked Dn.pr, Dpr.f, Dpr.t, Dpr.w 用以引导标有Dn.pr、 Dpr.f、 Dpr.t、 Dpr.w符号之动词的间接宾语): He gave it to his sister. 他把那个给他妹妹了. * (fml 文) To whom did she send the book? 她把书送到谁那儿去了? * (infml 口) Who did she send the book to? 她把书送到谁那儿了? * She said to us that she was surprised. 她跟我们说她很惊讶. * I'll explain to you where everything goes. 我要向你解释每一项的去向. * He shouted to his friend to remember the wine. 他大声提醒他朋友别忘了酒. 6 belonging to (sb/sth); for 属於（某人[某物]）; 为: the key to the door 开这个门的钥匙 * be secretary to the managing director 做总经理的秘书 * the words to a tune 为一首曲子作的词. 7 (indicating a comparison or ratio 表示相比或比率): I prefer walking to climbing. 我喜欢步行不喜欢爬山. * We won by six goals to three. 我们以六比三获胜. * This is inferior/superior to that. 这个不如[胜过]那个. * Compared to me, he's rich. 跟我比起来, 他算有钱. * odds of 100 to 1 以100比1的赔率赌. 8 making (sth); adding up to 构成（某数）; 加起来等於: There are 100 pence to the pound, ie 1 = 100p. 1英镑等於100便士. * There are 100 centimetres to the metre. 100厘米是1米. 9 (indicating a rate 表示比率): do 30 miles to the gallon 每加仑可行驶30英里 * get 10 francs to the pound 1英镑可换10法郎. Cf 参看 per. 10 (indicating a possible range 表示可能的范围): 20 to 30 years of age 20到30岁 * 3 to 4 centimetres long 3到4厘米长. 11 in honour of (sb/sth) 向（某人[某事物]）表示敬意: drink to sb/to sb's health 为某人[某人的健康]乾杯 * a toast to the cook 向厨师敬酒 * a monument to (the memory of) the soldiers who died in the war 阵亡将士纪念碑. 12 close enough to be touching (sb/sth); facing 接近得触到（某人[某物]）; 紧靠著; 面对著: dance cheek to cheek 脸贴脸跳舞 * with an ear to the door 把耳朵贴著门 * sit back to back 背靠背坐著 * cars queueing bumper to bumper on the motorway 高速公路上首尾相接排成长队的汽车. 13 (used after vs of motion eg come, go, rush 用於动作动词之後, 如come、 go、 rush等动词) with the intention of giving (sth) 有提供（某物）的意图: come to our aid/help/assistance/rescue 前来帮助我们. 14 concerning (sth) 与（某事物）有关: a right to the throne 王位的继承权 * a solution to a problem 解决问题的方法 * She'sdevoted to her family. 她一心为了自己的家庭. 15 causing(sth) 引起（某事）: To my surprise, delight, annoyance, etc the Labour Party won the election, ie Their winning caused me surprise, delight, etc. 工党在选举中获胜, 真让我吃惊、 高兴、 烦恼等. * To my shame, I forgot (ie I am ashamed that I forgot) his birthday. 我把他的生日忘了, 真不好意思. 16 (used after vs of perception, eg seem, appear, feel, look, smell 用於表示感觉的动词之後, 如seem、 appear、 feel、 look、 smell等动词) in the opinion of (sb); according to 按（某人）的看法; 根据（某人）的意见: It feels like velvet to me. 我摸起来像天鹅绒. * Does it look to you like gold? 你看那个像金子吗? * It sounded like crying to him. 他听著那像是哭声. 17 satisfying (sb/sth) 适合（某人[某事]）: not really to my liking 并非真正符合我的心意 * quite nice, but not to her taste 好是好, 但不合她的口味. to / before consonants tE; tE, before vowels tU; tJ or tu:; tE; strong form tu:; tu 辅音前读作tE, 元音前读作tU或tu:; 强读式为tu:/ (Used immediately before the simple (root) form of a v to form the infinitive. 置於动词原形（词根）之前, 构成不定式. The following are only a few uses of the infinitive; others are given in n, adj, and v entries. 下面仅是动词不定式的几种用法; 其他用法见各名词、 形容词和动词的词条. ) 1 (used as the object of many vs, esp those labelled Tt, Tnt, Cn.t, Dpr.t, Dn.t 用作许多动词的宾语, 尤其是标有Tt、 Tnt、 Cn.t、 Dpr.t、 Dn.t的动词): He wants to go. 他想去. * We had hoped to finish by four o'clock. 我们原希望四点钟前能完成. * She asked me to go. 她要求我去. * She persuaded him to tell the truth. 她劝他说实话. 2 (expressing purpose or result in an adv clause 在状语成分中表示目的或结果): They came (in order) to help me. 他们来（为的是）帮助我. * She's working hard to earn money. 她为了挣钱而努力工作. * We make our goods to last, ie so that they will last. 我们制造的货物经久耐用. * They went there to cause trouble. 他们到那里惹麻烦去了. * She ran to the station only to find that the train had left. 她跑到火车站, 但火车却开走了. 3 (used alone to avoid repetition of the whole infinitive 单独使用, 以避免重复整个动词不定式): I'd like to do it but I don'tknow how to. 我倒是愿意做, 但不知怎麽做. * I intendedto go but forgot to. 我原来想去, 可是忘了去了. * He often does things you wouldn't expect him to. 他常做出谁也料不到的事. to－do / tE5du:; tE`du/ n (pl ~s) (usu sing 通常作单数) fuss; commotion 纷扰; 喧闹: What's all the to－do about? 这麽吵吵嚷嚷的是怎麽回事? * She made a great to－do about his forgetting her birthday. 他把她的生日给忘了, 她大吵大闹了一场. toad / tEUd; tod/ n 1 frog－like animal that lives on land except when breeding 蟾蜍; 癞蛤蟆. =>illus at frog 见 frog 插图. 2 (used esp as a term of abuse 尤作辱骂用词) disgusting or disliked person 可憎的或讨厌的人: You repulsive little toad! 你这个讨厌的癞蛤蟆! toad－in－the－hole n [U] (Brit) dish consisting of sausages baked in batter 裹上面糊烤的香肠. toadstool / 5tEUdstu:l; `tod9stul/ n any of various types of umbrella－shaped fungus, esp a poisonous one 伞菌科的菌; （尤指）毒蕈. =>illus at fungus 见 fungus 插图. Cf 参看 mushroom. toady / 5tEUdI; `todI/ n (derog 贬) person who flatters another or treats him with excessive respect in the hope of gain or advantage 谄媚者; 马屁精. toady v (pt, pp toadied) [I, Ipr] ~ (to sb) (derog 贬) behave in this way 谄媚; 奉承; 拍马: toadying to the boss 拍老板马屁. toast / tEUst; tost/ n [U] 1 sliced bread made brown and crisp by heating under a grill, in a toaster, etc 烤面包片（面包切成片後放在烤架下、 面包片加热器等中烤黄、 烤脆）: make some toast for breakfast 把面包片烤热作早餐 * a poached egg on toast 烤面包片加荷包蛋 * two slices of buttered toast 两片涂黄油的烤面包片. 2 (idm 习语) have sb on `toast (infml 口) have sb completelyat one's mercy 任意摆布某人. warm as toast => warm1. toast v [I, Tn] become or make brown and crisp by heating 烤黄; 烤脆: a toasted (cheese) sandwich 烤过的（乾酪）三明治 * (fig 比喻) toasting oneself/one's feet in front of the fire 烤火[烤烤脚]. toaster n electrical device for toasting slices of bread （电的）面包片加热器. toasting－fork n fork with a long handle used for toasting bread, etc in front of a fire 烤面包片叉（将面包片在明火上加热的长柄叉）. toast－rack n rack for holding slices of toast at the table 面包片架（餐桌上放置烤热的面包片用的）. =>illus at rack 见 rack 插图. toast / tEUst; tost/ v [Tn] wish happiness, success, etc to (sb/sth) by drinking wine, etc 为（某人[某事物]）幸福、 成功等祝酒: toast the bride and groom 为新娘和新郎祝酒 * toast the success of a new company 为新公司获得成功而乾杯. toast n 1 act of toasting 祝酒; 敬酒: propose a loyal toast to the Queen 提议向女王敬酒 * drink a toast 乾杯 * reply/respond to the toast, ie (of the person toasted) make a speech in reply （接受敬酒的人）致答词. 2 person,etc toasted 受敬酒的人等: be the toast of (ie praised and congratulated by) the whole neighbourhood 受到邻里交口称赞和祝贺的人. toast－master n person who announces the toasts at a formal banquet 宴会上宣布祝酒的人. tobacco / tE5bAkEU; tE`bAko/ n (pl ~s) 1 [C, U] (type of) leaves that are dried, cured and used for smoking (in pipes, cigarettes and cigars) or chewing, or as snuff 烟叶. 2 [U] plant from which these leaves are obtained 烟草. tobacconist / tE5bAkEnIst; tE`bAkEnIst/ n shopkeeperwho sells cigarettes, cigars and pipe－tobacco 烟草店老板. toboggan / tE5bCgEn; tE`bB^En/ n long light narrow sledge, often curved upwards at the front, used for sliding downhill on snow 长雪橇. toboggan v [I] use a toboggan 乘长雪橇滑行: go tobogganing 去滑雪橇. toby jug / 5tEUbI dVQg; `tobI9dVQ^/ mug or jug (formerlyfor beer) in the form of an old man with a three－corneredhat 人形缸子或罐（呈头戴三角帽的老人形, 旧时盛啤酒用的）. tocsin / 5tCksIn; `tBksIn/ n (dated or fml 旧或文) 1 (bell rung as a) signal of alarm 警钟; 警铃; 警戒信号; 警报. 2 (fig 比喻) warning of danger 危险警报. tod / tCd; tBd/ n (idm 习语) on one's `tod (Brit infml 口) on one's own; alone 独自; 单独: I spent the evening on my tod again. 我又单独度过了这一晚. * You mean you did it all on your tod (ie without help)? 你是说这都是你独自一人做的? today / tE5deI; tE`de/ adv, n [U] 1 (on) this day 今天; 今日; 本日: What are we doing today? 今天我们做什麽? * We're leaving today week/a week (from) today, ie in a week's time. 我们於下周的今天动身. * Today is my birthday. 今天是我的生日. * Have you seen today's paper? 你看见今天的报纸了吗? 2 (at) the present period or age 当今; 现代; 当世: Women today no longer accept such treatment. 如今女子再也不接受此种待遇了. * the young people of today 现代青年. toddle / 5tCdl; `tBdl/ v [I, Ipr, Ip] 1 (esp of a young child) walk with short unsteady steps （尤指幼儿）摇摇摆摆地走: Her two－year－old son toddled into the room. 她的两岁的儿子摇摇摆摆地走进屋里. 2 (infml 口) walk 步行; 走: toddle round to see a friend 走著去看朋友 * I think we should be toddling along/off, ie should leave. 我看我们该走了. toddler / 5tCdlE(r); `tBdlL/ n child who has only recently learnt to walk 刚学会走路的孩子. toddy / 5tCdI; `tBdI/ n [C, U] (glass of) alcoholic drink made of spirits, sugar and hot water （一杯）加糖加热水的烈酒. toe / tEU; to/ n 1 (a) each of the five divisions of the front part of the human foot （人的）脚趾. =>illus at foot 见 foot 插图. (b) similar part of an animal's foot （动物的）足趾. 2 part of a sock, shoe, etc that covers the toes （袜、 鞋等的）足尖部. =>illus at shoe 见 shoe 插图. 3 (idm 习语) dig one's heels/toes in => dig1. from head to foot/toe => head1. from top to toe => top1. on one's `toes ready for action; alert 准备行动的; 警觉的: The constant threat of danger kept us all on our toes. 我们因随时都会发生危险而保持警觉. tread on sb's corns/toes => tread. toe v (pt, pp toed, pres p toeing) (idm 习语) toe the (party) `line; US also toe the `mark obey the orders of one's group or party; conform 服从团体或党的命令; 遵从. toe－cap n outer covering of the toe of a shoe or boot （鞋或靴尖的）包头. toe－hold n slight foothold (eg in mountain climbing) 小的立足点（如登山途中的）: (fig 比喻) Thanks to thiscontract the firm gained a toe－hold in the European market.有了这个合同, 该公司在欧洲的市场才有立足之地. toe－nail n nail of a human toe （人的）趾甲. =>illus at foot 见 foot 插图. toff / 5tCf; tRf/ n (dated Brit sl 旧, 俚) rich or well－dressed person of high social class 上流社会有钱的或衣著讲究的人. toffee / 5tCfI; ?@ 5tR:fI; `tRfI/ (US also taffy / 5tfI; `tAfI/) n [C, U] 1 (piece of) hard sticky sweet made by heating sugar, butter, etc （一块）太妃糖（用食糖与黄油等加热後制成的黏性硬糖果）. 2 (idm 习语) can't do sth for `toffee (infml 口) lack the skill or ability needed to do sth 没本事做某事; 不能胜任某事: She can't sing for toffee! 她根本不会唱歌! toffee－apple n (Brit) apple coated with a thin layer of toffee and fixed on a stick （插在签子上的）敷太妃糖衣的苹果. toffee－nosed adj (Brit sl 俚) snobbish; snooty 势利的; 目空一切的. tog / tCg; tB^/ v (－gg－) (phr v) tog oneself out/up (in sth) (infml 口) put on smart clothes; dress up 穿上漂亮衣服; 穿上盛装: children togged out in their Sunday best 穿著漂亮衣服的儿童. togs n [pl] (infml 口) clothes 衣物; 衣服: games togs 运动服 * summer togs 夏季衣服. toga / 5tEUgE; `to^E/ n loose outer garment worn by men in ancient Rome 托加袍（古罗马男子穿的宽松罩袍）. together / tE5geTE(r); tE`^ZTL/ adv 1 in or into company; with or towards each other 在一起; 到一起; 共同: Let's go for a walk together. 咱们一起去散步吧. * I hear they're living together, ie in the same house. 我听说他们住在一起. * Get all the ingredients together before you start cooking. 把所有材料都放在一起再动手烹饪. 2 so as to be in contact or united 致使相接触或相结合: glue, nail, tie, etc two boards together 把两块木板粘、 钉、 捆等在一起 * Mix the sand and cement together, then add water. 把沙子和水泥混在一起再加水. * (fig 比喻) He's got more money than the rest of us (put) together. 他的钱比我们大家的加在一起的总数还多. 3 in or into agreement or harmony 一致; 协调; 变得一致或协调: negotiations aimed at bringing the two sides in the dispute closer together 使辩论双方意见趋於一致的谈判 * The party is absolutely together on this issue. 该党在这一问题上意见完全一致. 4 at the same time; simultaneously 同时; 一起: All my troubles seem to come together. 我的各种问题似乎同时出现了. * They were all talking together and I couldn't understand a word. 他们一起说话, 我一个字都听不清. 5 without interruption; in continuous succession 不间断地; 连续地: It rained for three days together. 一连下了三天雨. * She can sit reading for hours together. 她能连续几个小时坐在那儿看书. 6 (idm 习语) get sth/it to`gether (sl 俚) get sth/it organized or under control 使某事物有组织或受控制: She would be a very good player if only she could get it together. 她若能控制得当就能成为很好的选手. together with as well as; and also 和; 连同: These new facts, together with the other evidence, prove the prisoner's innocence. 这些新的事实连同其他证据已证明在押者无罪. together adj (sl approv 俚, 褒 esp US) organized; capable 有组织的; 有能力的: He's incredibly together forsomeone so young. 他这麽年轻, 能力真了不起??w. * a reallytogether organization 很严密的组织. togetherness n [U] feeling of unity, friendship or love 团结; 友爱. toggle / 5tCgl; `tB^l/ n fastening consisting of a short piece of wood, etc that is passed through a loop or hole (eg instead of a button on a coat) 套索钉; 棒形纽扣（如大衣上的）. toggle－switch n electrical switch operated by a short lever which is moved (usu) up and down 扳纽开关; 肘节开关. toil / tRIl; tRIl/ v (fml or rhet 文或修辞) 1 [I, Ipr, Ip, It] ~ away (at/over sth) work long or hard 长时间或辛苦工作: students toiling over their homework 辛辛苦苦做功课的学生 * We toiled away all afternoon to get the house ready for our guests. 我们忙了一下午收拾房子准备迎接宾客. 2 [Ipr, Ip] move slowly and with difficulty in the specified direction 缓慢而艰难地向某方向移动: The bus toiled up the steep hill. 公共汽车艰难地爬上陡峭的山岗. * The ground was muddy and uneven, but we toiled on. 地面泥泞不平, 我们仍吃力地向前走. toil n [U] (fml or rhet 文或修辞) hard or lengthy work 辛苦的或长时间的工作: after years of toil 辛苦地工作了多年之後. =>Usage at work1 用法见 work1. toiler n. toilet / 5tRIlIt; `tRIlIt/ n 1 [C] (room containing a) lavatory 厕所; 卫生间; 盥洗室; 恭桶: Can you tell me where the toilets are? 您能告诉我洗手间在哪儿吗? =>Usage 见所附用法. 2 [U] (dated 旧) process of washing and dressing oneself, arranging one's hair, etc 化妆; 梳洗; 打扮: [attrib 作定语] a `toilet set 一套梳妆用具 * `toilet articles, ie hairbrushes, combs, hand－mirrors, etc 梳妆用具（发刷、 梳子、 手镜等）. toiletries / 5tRIlItrIz; `tRIlEtrIz/ n [pl] (in shops) articlesor products used in washing, dressing, etc （商店中的）化妆用品. toilet－paper n [U] paper for use in a lavatory 卫生纸; 手纸. toilet－roll n roll of toilet－paper 卫生纸卷; 手纸卷. toilet－train v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] train (a child) to control its urination and defecation and to use a lavatory 训练（孩子）控制大小便和上厕所: She isn't toilet－trained yet. 她还没学过用厕所. toilet－training n [U]. toilet water scented water for use on the skin, esp after washing 花露水. toilet NOTE ON USAGE 用法: In British English the toilet in private houses is called the lavatory, toilet, WC (dated), or loo (informal). 在英式英语中, 私人住宅中的厕所称为the lavatory、 toilet、 WC（已陈旧）或loo（用於口语）. In public places it is called the Gents/the Ladies or public conveniences. 公共场所的厕所称为the Gents/the Ladies或public conveniences. In US English it is called the lavatory, toilet or bathroom in private houses and the washroom or rest－room in public buildings. 在美式英语中私人住宅中的厕所称为 the lavatory、 toilet 或 bathroom, 在公共建筑物中的称为 the washroom 或 rest－room. toing / 5tu:IN; `tuIN/ n (idm 习语) ,toing and `froing movement backwards and forwards 前前後後的运动: After much toing and froing we got all the children back to their homes. 我们来来往往很多次把孩子们都送回家了. token / 5tEUkEn; `tokEn/ n 1 sign, symbol or evidence of sth 表徵; 标志; 证据: A white flag is used as a token of surrender. 白旗是用作投降的信号. * These flowers are a small token of my gratitude. 谨以此花聊表谢忱. 2 disc like a coin used to operate certain machines or as a form of payment （用以启动某些机器或用作付款形式的）代币, 专用辅币: Tokens for the cigarette machine are available at the bar. 在柜台可以买到供自动售烟机使用的代币. * milk tokens, ie (in Britain) bought from the milkman and left on the doorstep to pay for the milk delivered 牛奶票（送奶人出售的票证, 购者用以付送奶费, 可置於门外）. 3 (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) voucher or coupon, usu attached to a greetings card, which can be exchanged for goods of the value shown 赠券; 礼券: a 10 `book/`record/`gift token 金额10英镑的书券[唱片券/礼券]. 4 (idm 习语) by the same token => same1. in token of sth as evidence of sth 作为某事的证据: Please accept this gift in token of our affection for you. 请接受这一礼物, 这是我们微薄的情意. token adj [attrib 作定语] 1 serving as a sign or pledge of sth 象徵性的; 作为对某事的保证的: a token payment, ie payment of a small part of what is owed, as an acknowledgement of the debt 象徵性的偿付（偿付小部分欠款, 作为承认该债务的象徵） * a token strike, ie a short strike serving as a warning that a longer one may follow 象徵性罢工（短期罢工, 以警告对方可能发动长期罢工）. 2 done, existing, etc on a small scale as a gesture of sth that is not seriously or sincerely meant; superficial or perfunctory 装样子的; 敷衍的; 表面的: Our troops encountered only token resistance. 我们的部队仅受到表面上的抵抗. * a token attempt, effort, offer, etc 装样子的尝试、 努力、 好意等 * the token woman on the committee, ie included to avoid charges of sexual discrimination 委员会中做装点的女性（以免遭性别歧视的指责）. told pt, pp of tell. tolerate / 5tClEreIt; `tBlE9ret/ v 1 [Tn, Tsg] allow (sth that one dislikes or disagrees with) without interfering 容忍（不喜欢或不赞成的某事物）: a government which refuses to tolerate opposition 不容有人反对的政府 * I won't tolerate such behaviour/your behaving in this way. 我不能容忍这种行为[你这样做]. 2 [Tn] endure (sb/sth) without protesting 忍受（某人[某事]）: How can you tolerate that awful woman? 你怎麽能忍得了那可恶的女人? * tolerate heat, noise, pain, etc well 很能忍受炎热、 吵闹、 痛苦等. 3 [Tn] (medical 医) be able to take (a drug, etc) or undergo (a treatment) without harm 能服用（药等）; 能经受（治疗）: The body cannot tolerate such large amounts of radiation. 身体经不住那麽大剂量的放射线. tolerable / 5tClErEbl; `tBlErEbl/ adj 1 that can be tolerated; endurable 可容忍的; 可忍受的: The heat was tolerable at night but suffocating during the day. 在夜间尚能忍受这种高温, 但白天就令人感到呼吸困难. 2 fairly good; passable 尚好的; 还可以的: tolerable weather 还算好的天气 * in tolerable health 尚算健康 * We had a very tolerable (ie excellent) lunch. 我们吃了顿很不错的午饭. tolerably / －EblI; －EblI/ adv in a moderate degree; fairly well 相当地; 尚好: feel tolerably (ie almost completely) certain about sth 觉得对某事相当有把握 * He plays the piano tolerably well. 他弹钢琴弹得还不错. tolerance / 5tClErEns; `tBlErEns/ n 1 [U] willingness or ability to tolerate sb/sth 容忍; 忍受; 宽容: religious/racial tolerance 宗教[种族]上的宽容 * As the addict's tolerance increases, he requires ever larger doses of the drug. 嗜毒者由於对药物的耐受性增加了, 因而需要更大剂量的毒品. 2 [C, U] (engineering 工) amount by which the size, weight, etc of a part can vary without causing problems 容许偏差; 公差; 容限: working to a tolerance of 0.0001 of an inch/to very fine tolerances 加工至公差0.0001英寸[极小]. tolerant / －rEnt; －rEnt/ adj ~ (of/towards sb/sth) having or showing tolerance 容忍的; 忍受的; 宽容的: I'm a tolerant man but your behaviour is more than I can bear. 我是个能忍的人, 但你的行为我已忍无可忍. * Her own mistakes made her very tolerant of/towards (the faults of) others. 她因自己有错误, 对别人（的错误）就概不计较了. tolerantly adv. toleration / 9tClE5reIFn; 9tBlE`reFEn/ n [U] action or practice of tolerating (tolerate1, 2) 容忍; 忍受; 宽容. toll / tEUl; tol/ n 1 money paid for the use of a road, bridge, harbour, etc （道路、 桥梁、 港口等的）使用费, 通行费, 停泊费. 2 loss or damage caused by sth 某事造成的损失或毁坏: the death－toll in the earthquake, on the roads, after the massacre, ie the number of people killed 地震、 交通事故、 大屠杀的死亡人数. 3 (idm 习语) take a heavy toll/take its toll (of sth) cause loss, damage, etc 造成损失、 毁坏等: The war took a heavy toll of human life. 这次战争夺去了许多人的生命. * Every year at Christmas drunken driving takes its toll. 每年的圣诞节都有醉酒驾车的伤亡事故. toll－bridge n bridge at which a toll is charged 收费桥. toll－gate n gate across a road to prevent anyone passing until the toll has been paid （收费路上的）收费门. toll－house n house occupied by the person who collects tolls on a road, etc 收费亭; 收费所; 收费处. toll / tEUl; tol/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (for sb/sth) ring (a bell) with slow regular strokes, esp for a death or funeral 缓慢而有规律地敲（钟）; （尤指）敲（丧钟）. 2 [Ipr] ~ (for sb/sth) (of a bell) sound in this way （指钟）缓慢而有规律地鸣响. toll n [sing] sound of a tolling bell 缓慢而有规律的钟声. Tom / tCm; tBm/ n (idm 习语) (any/every) ,Tom, Dick and `Harry (usu derog 通常作贬义) anybody at all; people at random 任何人; （泛指的）人: We don't want any (old) Tom, Dick and Harry using the club bar. 我们不能让随便什麽人都来用俱乐部的酒吧. tom / tCm; tBm/ n = tom－cat. tom－cat / 5tCm kAt; `tBm9kAt/ (also tom) n male cat 郎猫（雄猫）. tom－tom / 5tCm tCm; `tBm9tBm/ n 1 long narrow African or Asian drum played with the hands （非洲或亚洲的）长手鼓. 2 similar drum used in jazz bands, etc （爵士乐队等的）长鼓. tomahawk / 5tCmEhR:k; `tBmE9hRk/ n light axe used as a tool or weapon by N American Indians 印第安战斧（北美印第安人用作工具或武器的）. tomato / tE5mB:tEU; ?@ tE5meItEU; tE`meto/ n (pl ~es) (a) soft juicy red or yellow fruit eaten raw or cooked as a vegetable 番茄; 西红柿: [attrib 作定语] tomato juice, sauce, soup, ketchup 番茄汁、 沙司、 汤、 酱. =>illus at salad 见 salad 插图. (b) plant on which this fruit grows 番茄（植物）. tomb / tu:m; tum/ n hole dug in the ground, etc for a dead body, esp one with a stone monument over it 坟, 墓（尤指有石碑的）. tombstone n memorial stone set up over a tomb 墓碑. tombola / tCm5bEUlE; `tBmbolE/ n [C, U] (Brit) type of lottery with prizes for the holders of tickets picked out of a revolving drum 一种摇彩抽奖. tomboy / 5tCmbRI; `tBm9bRI/ n girl who enjoys rough noisy games 爱打打闹闹的女孩儿. tomboyish adj. tome / tEUm; tom/ n large heavy book, esp a scholarly or serious one 大部头书, 大本书（尤指学术性的或理论性的）. tomfool / 9tCm5fu:l; `tBm`ful/ adj very foolish; stupid 极傻的; 愚蠢的: a tomfool thing to do 干蠢事. tomfoolery / －ErI; －ErI/ n [U, C usu pl 作不可数名词或可数名词, 後者通常作复数] foolish behaviour or act 愚蠢的举动. tommy－gun / 5tCmI gQn; `tBmI 9^Qn/ n type of sub－machine－gun （汤姆式）冲锋枪. tommy－rot / 9tCmI 5rCt; `tBmI9rBt/ n [U] (infml 口) absurd statement; nonsense 荒唐的话; 胡扯; 废话: Don't talk such tommy－rot! 别胡说八道! tomorrow / tE5mCrEU; tE`mRro/ n [U] 1 the day after today 明天: Today is Tuesday so tomorrow is Wednesday. 今天是星期二, 那麽明天就是星期三. * Tomorrow is going to be fine according to the forecast. 据天气预报报道, 明天晴. * The announcement will appear in tomorrow'snewspapers. 该通告将於明日见报. * [attrib 作定语] tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening/night 明天上午[下午/晚上/夜里]. 2 the near future 不久的将来: Who knows what changes tomorrow may bring? 谁知道将来有什麽变化? * tomorrow's world 明日世界. 3 (idm 习语) the day after tomorrow => day. tomorrow adv on the day after today 在明天: She's getting married tomorrow. 她明天结婚. * See you this time tomorrow, then. 那麽, 我们明天此时见面. tomtit / 5tCmtIt; `tBm9tIt/ n type of tit(1), esp the blue tit 山雀（尤指蓝山雀）. ton / tQn; tQn/ n 1 [C] measure of weight, in Britain 2240 lb(long ton) and in the US 2000 lb (short ton) 吨（英国为2240磅, 即长吨; 美国为2000磅, 即短吨）. =>App 5 见附录5. Cf 参看 tonne. 2 [C] measure of capacity for various materials, esp 40 cubic feet of timber 容积吨（尤指容纳40立方英尺木材的）. 3 [C] (nautical 海) (a) measure of the size of a ship (1 ton = 100 cubic feet) （船的）吨位（1吨=100立方英尺）. (b) measure of the amount of cargo a ship can carry (1 ton = 40 cubic feet) （船的）装载吨, 载货吨（1吨=40立方英尺）. 4 tons [pl] ~s (of sth) (infml 口) a lot 大量; 很多: They've got tons of money. 他们有很多钱. * I've still got tons (of work) to do. 我还有许多事要做. 5 (idm 习语) do a/the `ton (sl 俚) drive at a speed of 100 mph or more 以每小时至少100英里的速度开车: got caught doing a ton on the motorway 在高速公路上以100英里时速开车而被抓住. (come down on sb) like a ton of `bricks (infml 口) (criticize or punish sb) with great force or violence 严厉地（斥责或惩罚某人）. weigh a ton => weigh. ton－up adj [attrib 作定语] (dated sl 旧, 俚) (of a driver) driving at a speed of 100 mph or more （指驾车者）以每小时至少100英里的速度开车的: one of the ton－up boys 以每小时100英里速度开车的一个男孩儿. tonal / 5tEUnl; `tonl/ adj 1 of (a) tone or tones 声音的; 音调的. 2 (music 音) of tonality 调性的. tonality / tEU5nAlEtI; to`nAlEtI/ n [U, C] (music 音) (use of a particular) key, esp as the basis of a melody or composition 调性, 调（的运用）（尤指作为某旋律或乐曲的基调）. tone / tEUn; ton/ n 1 [C] sound, esp with reference to its pitch, quality, strength, etc 声音; 音调; 音质: the ringing tones of an orator's voice 演说者宏亮的声音 * the alarm bell's harsh tone 刺耳的警钟的声音. 2 [C] manner of expression in speaking 语气; 口气; 腔调: speak in an angry, impatient, entreating, etc tone 以愤怒、 不耐烦、 恳求等的语气说话 * a tone of command, reproach, regret, etc 命令、 责备、 抱歉等的口气 * Don't speak to me in that tone (of voice), ie in that unpleasant, insolent, critical, etc way. 别用那种腔调跟我说话. 3 [C, U] quality or character of sound produced by a musical instrument （乐器的）音质, 音色: a violin with (an) excellent tone 音色优美的小提琴. 4 [sing] general spirit or character of sth 某事物的格调或特性: Overall, the tone of the book is satirical/the book is satirical in tone. 总的说来, 这本书是讽刺性的. * set the tone for/of the meeting with a conciliatory speech 以表示和解的讲话为会议定调子 * lower/raise the tone of a conversation, an occasion, an organization, ie make it worse/better 使谈话不投机[投机]、 冲淡[增加]一场合的气氛、 减弱[增强]一组织的声势. 5 [C] (music 音) any one of the five larger intervals between one note and the next that (together with two semitones) make up an octave 全音. 6 [C] (a) tint or shade (of a colour); degree (of light) 色度; 光度: a carpet in tones of brown and orange 有棕色和橙色交织的一块地毯. (b) general effect of colour, light and shade 色调、 明暗、 影调的总体效果: a picture in warm, dull, bright, etc tones 暖色调的、 暗淡的、 明亮的...画儿 * an artist's fine painting of skin tones 画家将肤色明暗处理得很好的画. 7 [U] proper firmness of the body 身体强壮: good muscular tone 肌肉结实. 8 [C] audible signal on a telephone line （打电话时听到的）信号: the dialling/ringing tone 表示可以拨号的嗡声[对方电话的振铃声] * That tone means that the number is engaged. 那种声音表示该号电话占线. * Please speak after the tone, eg as an instruction on an answering machine. 听到信号後请讲话（如应答机的提示）. 9 [C] (linguistics 语言) pitch aspect of a syllable; rise or fall of pitch in speaking 音调; 声调: In `Are you ill?' there is usually a rising tone on `ill' , while in `He's ill' there is usually a falling tone on `ill'. 在`Are you ill?'一句中, ill一词通常用升调, 在`He's ill'一句中, ill一词通常用降调. toneless adj lacking colour, spirit, expression, etc; dull无色调的; 无生气的; 无表情的; 沉闷的; 呆板的: answerin a toneless voice 以平淡的声调回答. tonelessly adv. tone－deaf adj unable to distinguish accurately between different musical notes 不能辨别不同音高的. tone language (linguistics 语言) language in which the meaning of a word depends on the pitch at which it is uttered (eg Chinese) 声调语言（如汉语）. tone－poem n (music 音) orchestral composition writtento illustrate a poetic idea, legend, place, etc musically 交响诗. tone / tEUn; ton/ v 1 [Tn] give a particular tone of sound or colour to (sth) 使（某物）具有某种声调或色调; 给（某物）定调子或色调. 2 (phr v) tone (sth) down (cause sth to) become less intense （使某事）变得缓和: Their enthusiasm has toned down since they discovered the cost. 他们知道了价钱之後心气儿就低了. * You'd better tone down the more offensive remarks in your article. 你最好把你文章里的攻击性词句写得含蓄些. tone in (with sth) harmonize in colour （在颜色方面）调和, 相配合: The new curtains tone in beautifully with the carpet. 新帘幕与地毯的颜色非常协调. tone (sth) up (cause sth to) become brighter, intenser, or more vigorous （使某事物）强化, 加强, 有力: Exercise tones up the muscles. 运动能使肌肉结实. tongs / tCNz; tRNz/ n [pl] 1 instrument with two movable arms joined at one end, used for picking up and holding things 钳; 夹剪: a pair of tongs 一把夹剪 * `sugar/`coal/`ice tongs 糖[煤/冰块]夹子. 2 (idm 习语) be/go at it/each other hammer and tongs => hammer1. tongue / tQN; tQN/ n 1 [C] movable organ in the mouth, used in tasting, licking, swallowing and (in man) speaking 舌; 舌头. =>illus at throat 见 throat 插图. =>Usage at body 用法见 body. 2 [C, U] tongue of an ox, etc as food 口条: ham and tongue sandwiches 火腿加口条三明治. 3 [C] (fml or rhet 文或修辞) language 语言: He speaks English, but his native tongue is German. 他会说英语, 但他的母语是德语. Cf 参看 mother tongue (mother). 4 [C] (a) projecting strap or flap 突出的带或盖; 舌状物: the tongue of a shoe, ie the strip of leather under the laces 鞋舌 * the tongue (ie clapper) of a bell 铃舌 * a narrow tongue of land (ie promontory) juttingout into the sea 突入海中的尖形陆地（岬角）. (b) taperingjet of flame 火苗; 火舌: tongues of flame lapping the edges of the bonfire 舔著火堆边缘的火舌. 5 (idm 习语) bite one's tongue => bite1. an evil tongue => evil. find/lose one's voice/tongue => find1. get one's `tongue round/around sth manage to pronounce (a difficult word or name) correctly 尽力将（难读的单词或名称）读正确. give sb/get the edge of one's/sb's tongue => edge1. have a loose tongue => loose1. hold one's peace/tongue => peace. loosen sb'stongue => loosen. on the tip of one's tongue => tip1.put/stick one's `tongue out show one's tongue outside one's lips, eg to a doctor or as a rude gesture 伸舌头, 吐舌头（如让医生看或作为粗俗的动作）: Don't you dare stick your tongue out at me! 你竟敢冲我吐舌头! a silver tongue => silver. tongues wag (infml 口) there is gossip or rumour 说闲话; 造谣: Their scandalousaffair has really set tongues wagging. 他们的风流事可招来了不少闲话. a slip of the pen/tongue => slip1. with (one's) tongue in (one's) `cheek not intending to be taken seriously; with irony or humour 并非让人信以为真; 带有反话或幽默意味: Don't be fooled by all his complimentary remarks they were all said with tongue in cheek. 别让他的恭维话给糊弄住－－那些话可当不得真. with one's `tongue hanging out (a) extremely thirsty 非常渴. (b) eagerly expecting sth 渴望某事物. tongue－in－cheek adj not intended seriously; ironical or joking 并非当真的; 有反话意味的; 开玩笑的: tongue－in－cheek remarks 说说而已的话. tongue－lashing n severe rebuke or scolding 严厉的指毒或叱责. tongue－tied adj silent because of shyness or embarrassment （因羞怯或尴尬）张口结舌的. tongue－twister n word or phrase that is difficult to pronounce correctly or quickly, eg She sells sea shells on the sea－shore 绕口令. tonic / 5tCnIk; `tBnIk/ n 1 [C, U] medicine that gives strength or energy, taken after illness or when tired 补药; 滋补品. 2 [C usu sing 通常作单数] (fig 比喻) anything that makes people feel healthier or happier 使人感到健康或快乐的事物: Praise can be a fine tonic. 赞美的话有时真让人感到美滋滋的. * The good news acted as a tonic on us all. 那个好消息使我们大家欢欣鼓舞. * [attrib 作定语] the tonic effects of sea air 海上空气的保健作用. 3 [C, U] = tonic water. 4 [C] (music 音) keynote 主音. tonic water (also tonic) mineral water flavoured with quinine 汤尼水（以奎宁调味的含矿物质的饮料）: a bottle of tonic water 一瓶汤尼汽水 * a gin and tonic 杜松子酒加汤尼水 * Two tonic waters/tonics, please. 请来两份汤尼汽水. tonight / tE5naIt; tE`naIt/ n [U] (a) the present evening or night （此时的）晚间, 夜里: Here are tonight's football results. 现在报告晚间足球赛的结果. (b) the evening or night of today 今晚; 今夜: Tonight will be cloudy. 今天夜间多云. tonight adv on the present evening or night or that of today 在今晚; 在今夜: See you at nine o'clock tonight, then. 那麽, 咱们晚上九点见吧. * Are you doing anything tonight? 你今天晚上有事吗? tonnage / 5tQnIdV; `tQnIdV/ n [U, C] 1 (nautical 海) (a) size of a ship, expressed in tons (ton1) （船的）吨位. (b) amount of cargo a ship can carry, expressed in tons (ton 3b) （船的货运的）吨位. (c) size of a country's merchant fleet, expressed in tons (ton3a) （一国商船船队的）吨位. 2 (commerce 商) charge per ton for carryingcargo or freight 每吨货物的运费. tonne / tQn; tQn/ n metric ton, 1000 kilograms 吨, 公吨（1000公斤）. =>App 5 见附录5. Cf 参看 ton1. tonsil / 5tCnsl; `tBnsl/ n either of two small organs at the sides of the throat near the root of the tongue 扁桃体: have one's tonsils out, ie have them removed by a surgeon 切除扁桃体. =>illus at throat 见 throat 插图. tonsillitis / 9tCnsI5laItIs; 9tBnsl`aItIs/ n [U] inflammationof the tonsils 扁桃体炎. tonsure / 5tCnFE(r); `tBnFL/ n 1 [U] shaving the top or all of the head of a person about to become a priest ormonk （做僧侣时的）削发. 2 [C] part of the head shavedin this way （僧侣的）头顶剃光的部. tonsured adj. too / tu:; tu/ adv 1 (usu placed at the end; in speech, with stress on too and on the word it modifies 通常置於句末; 说话时, too及其修饰的词重读) in addition; also 也; 又; 还: `I've been to Paris `too, ie in addition to other people. 我也去过巴黎（除别人外）. * I've been to `Paris, `too, ie in addition to other places. 我还去过巴黎（除其他地方外）. * He plays the guitar and `sings `too. 他会弹吉他, 也会唱歌. =>Usage at also 用法见also. 2 (used before adjs and advs 用於形容词和副词之前) to a higher degree than is allowed, desirable or possible 过於; 过度; 太: drive too fast, ie faster than the permitted speed limit or than is sensible 开车过快（超过限定速度或快得不当） * These shoes are much too small for me. 我穿这双鞋太小. * It's too cold to go in the sea yet. 天太冷还不能下海. * This is too difficult a text for them/This text is too difficult for them. 这篇课文对他们来说太难了. * We can't ski because there's too little snow. 因为雪下得太少, 我们不能滑雪. * It's too long a journey to make in one day. 路程太远, 一天之内到不了. * (fml 文) Her work has been too much ignored for too long. 她的工作长期以来太不受重视了. 3 (indicating surprise and usu displeasure 表示惊讶, 通常为不愉快的): I had flu last week. And I was on holiday `too! 我上星期得了流感. 我当时还正度假呢! * I've lost an ear－ring. It was an expensive one `too. 我丢了一只耳环. 还是个挺贵的. 4 very 很; 非常: I'm not too sure if this is right. 这是否正确, 我没有把握. 5 (idm 习语) be too much for sb (a) (require one to) be superior in skill, strength, etc to sb else （要求自己）在技巧、 力量等方面超过他人; 非某人力所能及: The Cambridge team were too much for the Oxford team in the quiz. 在智力竞赛中, 剑桥队远胜牛津队. * A cycling holiday would be too much for an unfit person like me. 像我这种身体, 骑自行车度假力不从心. (b) be more than can be tolerated 忍无可忍: All that giggling and whispering was too much for me I had to leave the room. 我受不了那些咯咯的笑声和交头接耳的样子－－只好离开了那间屋子. took pt of take1. tool / tu:l; tul/ n 1 instrument held in the hand and used for working on sth 工具: A screwdriver and a hammer are the only tools you need. 你需用的工具只是改锥和锤子. * garden tools, eg spade, rake, etc 园艺工具（如锹、 耙等）. 2 anything used to do or achieve sth 用具; 器具: The computer is now an indispensable tool in many businesses. 目前计算机是很多公司不可或缺的用具. =>Usage at machine 用法见machine. 3 person used or exploited by another, esp for selfish or dishonest purposes 受人利用的人（尤指被利用为他人谋私利或做坏事的人）: The prime minister was a mere tool in the hands of the country's president. 那个总理只不过是该国总统的马前卒. 4 ( sl 讳, 俚) penis 鸡巴; 阴茎. 5 (idm 习语) down tools => down3. tool v 1 [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] make a design on (the cover or binding of a book) by pressing with a heated tool(1) 用压印器在（书的封面或封底）上压印图案: hand－tooled leather 用手工压印的皮封面 * The spine is tooled in gold. 那书脊是烫金的. 2 (phr v) tool along (infml 口) drive in a casual and relaxed way 悠闲自在地开车. tool sth up equip (a factory) with the necessary machine tools 用所需的机械设备装备（工厂）. toot / tu:t; tut/ n [C] short sound from a horn, whistle, etc （号角、 笛等发出的）短鸣, 嘟嘟声. toot v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) make a toot （使某物）发嘟嘟声: The driver tooted his horn as he approached the bend. 开车的人在快要转弯时按响了喇叭. tooth / tu:W; tuW/ n (pl teeth / ti:W; tiW/) 1 [C] each of the hard white bony structures rooted in the gums, used for biting and chewing 牙; 齿: The baby's first front teeth are just coming through. 那孩子的门牙刚长出来. * have a tooth out, ie extracted by a dentist 拔一颗牙 * She still has all her own teeth, ie no false ones. 她满口牙还很好. 2 [C] tooth－like part, eg on a comb, saw or gear 齿状部分（如梳子、 锯或齿轮的）. 3 teeth [pl] (infml 口) effective force 有效的力量: The law must be given more teeth if crime is to be properly controlled. 要想有效控制住犯罪活动, 就得加强法制的威力. 4 (idm 习语) armed to the teeth => arm3. bare its teeth => bare2. by the skin of one's teeth => skin. cast, fling, throw, etc sth in sb's `teeth reproach sb with sth 以某事责备某人. cut a `tooth have a tooth that is just pushing out through the gum 长出牙齿. cut one's `teeth on sth gain experience from sth 从某事中获得经验. draw sb's/sth's teeth/fangs => draw2. fight, etc tooth and `nail fight, etc very fiercely or persistently 猛烈或顽强地斗争等. get/take the bit between one's/the teeth => bit2. get one's teeth into sth deal with or concentrate on sth 处理某事; 专心於某事: Now you know what the job involves here's something to get your teeth into. 你既然对这项工作已有所了解, 有些事就由你去处理吧. grit one's teeth => grit v. have a sweet tooth => sweet1. in the teeth of sth (a) in spite of sth; in opposition to sth 不顾某事; 反对某事: The new policy was adopted in the teeth of fierce criticism. 那项新政策尽管受到强烈抨击却硬是采用了. (b) directly against (the wind, etc) 顶著, 迎著（风等）. a kick in the teeth => kick2. lie in/through one's teeth/throat => lie1. long in the tooth => long1. set sb's `teeth on edge (esp of a sharp sound or taste) annoy or displease sb （尤指刺耳的声音或强烈的味道）恼人的, 使人难受的. show one's teeth => show2. toothed / tu:Wt; tuWt/ adj [attrib 作定语] 1 havingteeth 有齿的. 2 (in compounds 用以构成复合词) havingteeth of the specified type 有某种齿的: a saw－toothed wheel 锯齿的. toothless adj without teeth 无牙的; 无齿的. toothy (－ier, －iest) adj having many, large or noticeable teeth 多齿的; 有巨齿的; 露齿的: a toothy grin 露齿一笑. toothily adv. toothache n [C, U] pain in a tooth or teeth 牙痛: I've got (a/the) toothache. 我牙疼. toothbrush n brush for cleaning the teeth 牙刷. =>illus at brush 见 brush 插图. toothpaste n [U] paste for cleaning the teeth 牙膏. tooth－powder n [U, C] powder for cleaning the teeth 牙粉. toothpick n short pointed piece of wood, etc for removing bits of food from between the teeth 牙签. toothsome / 5tu:WsEm; `tuWsEm/ adj (fml 文) (of food) tasting pleasant （指食物）美味的, 可口的. tootle / 5tu:tl; `tutl/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (on sth) toot gently or repeatedly 发轻柔或连续的嘟嘟声. 2 [Ipr, Ip] (infml 口) go in a casual or leisurely way 悠闲自得地走: tootling into town 溜溜达达地进城去 * tootle around on one's bike 骑自行车闲逛. top / tCp; tBp/ n 1 [C] highest part or point 顶; 顶部; 上部; 上端: at the top of the hill 在山顶 * the surrounding hilltops 四周的山顶 * five lines from the top of the page 该页上端五行 * My office is at the top of the building. 我的办公室在楼的顶层. 2 [C] upper surface 上面; 上边: polish the top of the table/the `table－top 把桌面磨光 * put the luggage on top of the car, eg on a roof－rack 把行李放在汽车顶上（如顶部行李架上）. 3 [sing] ~ (of sth) highest or most important rank or position 最高的或最重要的级别或位置: come to/rise to/reach the top, ie achieve fame, success, etc 登峰造极（成名、 成功等） * Liverpool finished the season (at the) top of the football league. 利物浦队在该赛季足球联赛中独占鳌头. * He's at the top of his profession. 他在同行中首屈一指. * We've got a lot of things to do, but packing is top of the list. 我们有许多事情要做, 但最重要的是先收拾行李. * the top of the table, ie the upper end, where eg the most distinguished people sit 上座（如最尊的坐位）. 4 [C] (a) thing forming or covering the upper part of sth 构成或罩在上部之物: the top of the milk, ie the layer of cream floating on it 浮在牛奶上的奶皮儿 * Put the top back on that felt－tip pen or it will dry out. 给毡头笔套上笔帽, 不然就乾了. * She took off the top of her bikini. 她脱去了比基尼泳装的上部. (b) lid or stopper 盖子; 塞子: Where's the top of this paint can? 这油漆罐的盖儿在哪儿呢? * a bottle with a screw－top 带螺口盖儿的瓶子. (c) (esp woman's) garment covering the upper part of the body （尤指女用的）上衣: I need a top to go with these slacks. 我需要一件上衣来配这条宽松裤. 5 [U] = top gear: You shouldn't be in top. 你不应该使用高速挡. 6 [C usu pl 通常作复数] leaves of a plant grown chiefly for its root （根菜作物的）叶子: `turnip tops 芜菁的叶子. 7 (idm 习语) at the top of the `tree in the highest position or rank in a profession, career, etc 居於行业、 事业等的最高地位或级别. at the top of one's `voice as loudly as one can 以最大的嗓音: cheering, shouting, screaming, etc at the top(s) of their voices 可著嗓子欢呼、 喊叫、 尖叫等. blow one's top => blow1. from ,top to `bottom completely 从上到下; 完全地; 全部地: We searched the house from top to bottom. 我们把那所房子彻底搜寻了一遍. from ,top to `toe from head to foot 从头到脚. in the first/top flight => flight1. off the ,top of one's `head (infml 口) (of sth said) without previous thought or preparation （指说出的话）未经考虑或准备的: I can't tell you the answer off the top of my head. 我不经考虑无法告诉你答案. on `top (a) above 在上边: The green book is at the bottom of the pile and the red one is on top. 绿皮的书在那一摞的底下, 红皮的在上边. (b) in a superior position; in control 处於优势; 在控制之中: Lendl was on top throughout the match. 伦德尔在比赛中始终占优势. on top of sth/sb (a) over or above sth/sb 在某物[某人]的上方或上边: Put this record on top of the others. 把这张唱片放在其他唱片上面. * Many people were crushed when the building collapsed on top of them. 那座大楼倒塌时把下面的很多人都砸死了. (b) in addition to sth 加在某事物上: He gets commission on top of his salary. 他除了薪水之外还得到佣金. * On top of borrowing 50, he asked me to lend him my car. 他向我借了50英镑, 此外还向我借汽车. (c) (infml 口) very close to sth 紧接著某事; 紧靠著某物: There is no privacy when houses are built on top of each other like that. 像那样房子挨著房子, 也就无所谓私生活了. (be/feel) on ,top of the `world very happy or proud, esp because of success or good fortune 非常愉快或自豪（尤指因获成功或好运）. ,overthe `top (infml 口 esp Brit) to an exaggerated or excessivedegree 过火; 过头: The film's violent ending is completely over the top. 影片结尾的暴力场面太过分了. * an actor who tends to go over the top, ie to overact 表演得过火的演员. (the) top `brass (sl 俚) senior officers or officials高级军官或官员: Plenty of top brass attended the ceremony. 有很多大官儿出席了典礼. (be) top `dog (sl 俚) person, group, country, etc having superiority or advantages over others 有优势的人、 团体、 国家等. the top `storey (joc 谑) the brain (of a person) （人的）头脑: He's a bit weak in the top storey, ie not very intelligent. 他的脑筋差点事儿. top adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] highest in position, rank or degree （位置、 地位、 级别或程度）最高的: a room on the top floor 位於顶层的房间 * one of Britain'stop scientists 英国最杰出的科学家之一 * top jobs, people 要职、 要人 * travelling at top (ie maximum) speed 以最快的速度行进. topless adj (a) (of a woman) having the breasts and upper part of the body bare （指女子）上身裸露的, 无上装的: a topless waitress 无上装女服务员. (b) (of a woman's garment) exposing the breasts （指女装）露乳房的: a topless dress 露乳房的连衣裙. adv with the breasts bare 露著乳房: sunbathe topless 露著乳房作日光浴. top－boot n boot reaching to just below the knee 高筒靴. topcoat n 1 last of several coats of paint applied to a surface （几道涂料的）最外涂层. Cf 参看 undercoat 1. 2 (dated 旧) = overcoat. top drawer the highest social position 社会的最高地位: She's out of the top drawer/She's very top drawer. 她出身上层社会[她社会地位极高]. top－dress v [Tn] apply manure, etc to the surface of (soil or land) without ploughing or digging it in 在（土地）的表层施肥等. top－dressing n [C, U] (substance used for) this process （在土地表层）施肥的过程或肥料. top－flight adj in the highest rank of achievement 成就的最高级别的; 造诣最高的: ,top－flight computer scientists 最优秀的计算机科学家. top gear highest gear (usu fourth), allowing the fastest speeds 最高挡（通常为第四挡）: If you try to start off in top gear you'll stall. 要是刚一发动就用最高挡, 那就会熄火. top hat (also topper) man's tall black or grey hat, worn with formal dress （男用黑色或灰色的）高顶礼帽. =>illus at hat 见 hat 插图. top－heavy adj too heavy at the top and therefore in danger of falling over 上部过重的; 头重脚轻的. topknot n knot or tuft of hair, usu ornamented with ribbon, feathers, etc, worn or grown on top of the head, esp by women 顶髻, 顶部发束（尤指女子的）. topmost / －mEUst; －9most/ adj [attrib 作定语] highest 最高的: on the topmost shelf 在最高的架子上. top－notch adj (infml 口) excellent; first－rate 最好的; 一流的: a ,top－notch `lawyer 最棒的律师. top－ranking adj [attrib 作定语] of the highest rank or importance; leading 最高级的; 最重要的; 主要的. top secret of the highest category of secrecy 最高机密的; 绝密的: a file of top secret information 一份绝密资料. topside n [U] 1 (Brit) joint of beef cut from the upper part of the leg （割下的）牛大腿肉. 2 side of a ship above the water－line （船的）水上舷侧. topsoil n [U] (layer of) soil near the surface 表土; 表土层. Cf 参看 subsoil. top ten, top twenty ten/twenty best－selling pop records 流行乐曲十[二十]大畅销唱片: She's a popular singer, but her records never make (ie get into) the top ten. 她是流行曲歌手, 但她的唱片从未打入十大畅销唱片之中. top / tCp; tBp/ v (－pp－) 1 [Tn, Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] provide or be a top for (sth) 为（某物）加顶; 作为（某物）之顶端: a church topped by/with a steeple 有尖塔顶的教堂 * ice－cream topped with chocolate sauce 浇上巧克力汁的冰激凌. 2 [Tn] reach the top of (sth) 达到（某物）的顶端: When we finally topped the hill we had a fine view. 我们爬到山顶时, 看到了优美的景色.3 [Tn] (a) be higher than (sth); surpass 比（某事物）高; 超越: Exports have topped the 80 million mark. 出口额已超过8000万英镑. (b) come first in (a poll, etc) 获（投票、 评选等）第一名: a chart－topping record 每周最畅销流行音乐唱片名列榜首的唱片. 4 [Tn] remove the top of (a plant, fruit, etc) 除去（植物、 水果等的）顶端: top and tail (ie remove the ends from) gooseberries 掐掉醋栗的尖儿和把儿. 5 [Tn] (esp in golf) mishit (a ball) by striking it above the centre （尤指高尔夫球）误击（球）的上部. 6 [Tn] (sl 俚) execute (sb) by hanging 将（某人）处以绞刑. 7 (idm 习语) head/top the bill => bill1. 8 (phr v) top (sth) out complete (a building) by adding the highest stone, etc （用石块等）给（建筑物）封顶. top (sth) up fill up (a partly empty container) 将（未满的容器）装满: top up with petrol/oil 加满汽油[机油] * top up a car battery, ie by adding distilled water 往汽车蓄电池里加满蒸馏水 * (infml 口) Let me top you up, ie refill your glass. 我给你满上这杯. topping n [C, U] cream, etc on top of a cake, pudding, etc （蛋糕、 布丁等上面的）奶油等: a range of fruit－flavoured toppings 蛋糕上的各种果味配料. top－up n refill 再装满: Who's ready for a top－up (ie for another drink)? 谁要添酒? top / tCp; tBp/ n 1 toy that spins on a point when it is set in motion by hand or by a string, etc 陀螺. 2 (idm 习语) sleep like a log/top => sleep2. topaz / 5tEUpAz; `topAz/ n (a) [U] transparent yellow mineral 黄玉（矿物）. (b) [C] semi－precious gem cut from this 黄玉; 黄宝石. topi / 5tEUpI; ?@ tEU5pi:; to`pi/ n sun－helmet, esp one worn in tropical countries 遮阳帽（尤指在热带国家戴的）. topiary / 5tEUpIErI; ?@ －IerI; `topI9ZrI/ n [U] art of clipping shrubs, etc into ornamental shapes such as birds and animals 树木整形术（将灌木等修剪成装饰形状, 如鸟、 兽等者）: [attrib 作定语] topiary work 树木整形工作. topic / 5tCpIk; `tBpIk/ n subject of a discussion, talk, programme, written work, etc 论题; 话题; 题目: a topic of conversation 交谈的话题 * Is drug abuse a suitable topic for a school debate? 把滥用麻醉药品问题当作学校辩论的题目是否合适? topical / －kl; －kl/ adj of current interest or relevance 目前受到注意的; 与当前有关的: a play full of topical allusions to well－known people 处处影射名人目前言行的一出戏. topicality / 9tCpI5klEtI; 9tBpI`kAlEtI/ n [U]. topically / －klI; －klI/ adv. topography / tE5pCgrEfI; tE`pB^rEfI/ n [U] (description of the) features of a place or district, esp the position of its rivers, mountains, roads, buildings, etc 地形; 地志; 地形学. topographical / 9tCpE5grfIkl; 9tBpE`^rAfIkl/ adj: a topographical map 地形图. topographically /－klI; －klI/ adv. topper / 5tCpE(r); `tBpL/ n (infml 口) = top hat (top1). topping / 5tCpIN; `tBpIN/ n => top2. topping / 5tCpIN; `tBpIN/ adj (dated Brit infml 旧, 口) excellent 极好的. topple / 5tCpl; `tBpl/ v 1 (a) [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (over) be unsteady and fall 不稳而倒下: The pile of books toppled over onto the floor. 那一摞书倒在地板上了. (b) [Tn,Tn.pr] cause (sth) to do this 使（某物）倒下: The explosion toppled the old chimney. 这次爆炸把那个旧烟囱给炸倒了. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr] (fig 比喻) cause (sb/sth) to fall from power or authority; overthrow 将（某人[某事物]）推翻; 打倒: a crisis which threatens to topple the government (from power) 使政府有垮台之虞的危机. top / tCp; tBp/ n 1 toy that spins on a point when it is set in motion by hand or by a string, etc 陀螺. 2 (idm 习语) sleep like a log/top => sleep2. tops / tCps; tBps/ n [pl] (usu 通常作 the tops) (infml 口) the very best 最好的人或事物: I like most cities, but for me New York is (the) tops. 一般的城市我都很喜欢, 但最喜欢纽约. topsy－turvy / 9tCpsI 5t\:vI; 9tBpsI`t[vI/ adv, adj 1 in or into a state of disordered confusion 乱七八糟（的）: This sudden development turned all our plans topsy－turvy. 这一情况出现得很突然, 把我们的计画都打乱了. 2 upside－down 颠倒（的）. tor / tR:(r); tRr/ n small hill or rocky peak, esp in parts of SW England 小山, 突岩（尤指英格兰西南部的）. torch / tR:tF; tRrtF/ n 1 (US `flashlight) small hand－held electric lamp powered by a battery 手电筒; 电棒.2 (US) = blowlamp (blow1). 3 piece of wood, esp one wrapped in cloth and soaked in oil, etc, which is lit and held in the hand to give light 火炬; 火把. 4 (idm 习语) carry a torch for sb => carry. torchlight n [U] light of a torch or torches 手电筒的或火炬的光: put up the tent by torchlight 用手电筒照著搭帐篷 * [attrib 作定语] a torchlight procession, ie one in which burning torches are carried 持火炬游行. tore pt of tear2. toreador / 5tCrIEdR:(r); ?@ 5tR:r－; `tRrIE9dRr/ n (in Spain) bullfighter, esp one on horseback （西班牙）斗牛士（尤指骑马的）. torment / 5tR:ment; `tRrmZnt/ n (a) [U, C usu pl 作不可数名词或可数名词, 後者通常作复数] severe physical or mental suffering （肉体或精神上的）折磨, 痛苦: be ingreat torment 备受折磨 * suffer torment(s) from toothache牙疼得难受. (b) [C] thing or person that causes this 造成痛苦的事物或人: His shyness made public speaking a torment to him. 他很腼腆, 当众讲话简直是受罪. * What a little torment that child is! ie because it is noisy, demanding, etc. 这孩子真烦人! torment / tR:5ment; tRr`mZnt/ v [Tn] 1 cause severe suffering to (sb) 使（某人）备受折磨或痛苦: tormented by hunger, anxiety, mosquitoes 饿得、 愁得、 蚊子咬得十分难受. 2 tease or annoy (sb) 戏弄或烦扰（某人）: Stop tormenting your sister. 别再耍弄你姐姐了. * tormenting their teacher with silly questions 用愚蠢的问题烦扰老师. tormentor / tR:5mentE(r); tRr`mZntL/ n: turn on (ie fight back against) one's tormentors 反抗折磨自己的人. torn pp of tear2. tornado / tR:5neIdEU; tRr`nedo/ n (pl ~es) violent and destructive storm over a small area; whirlwind 龙卷; 旋风: The town was hit by a tornado. 那个城镇遭龙卷风袭击. torpedo / tR:5pi:dEU; tRr`pido/ n (pl ~es) tube－shaped explosive underwater missile launched against ships by submarines, aircraft or surface ships 鱼雷. torpedo v (pt, pp torpedoed, pres p torpedoing)[Tn] 1 attack or sink (a ship) with a torpedo or torpedoes 用鱼雷袭击或击沉（船）. 2 (fig 比喻) wreck or ruin (a policy, an event, an institution, etc) 破坏（政策、 事情、 制度等）: accused the union of torpedoing the negotiations 谴责工会破坏谈判. torpedo－boat n small fast warship armed with torpedoes 鱼雷快艇. torpid / 5tR:pId; `tRrpId/ adj (fml 文) dull and slow; inactive; sluggish 迟钝的; 不活动的; 行动缓慢的. torpidity / tR:5pIdEtI; tRr`pIdEtI/ n [U] (fml 文) torpid condition 迟钝; 呆滞; 迟缓. torpidly adv. torpor / 5tR:pE(r); `tRrpL/ n [U] (fml 文) torpid condition 迟钝; 呆滞; 迟缓: a state of torpor induced by the tropical heat 热带的炎热气候引起的懒散. torque / tR:k; tRrk/ n [U] twisting force causing rotation in machinery （使机器旋转的）扭转力. torrent / 5tCrEnt; ?@ 5tR:r－; `tRrEnt/ n 1 violently rushing stream of water, lava, etc （水、 熔岩等的）急流, 湍流: mountain torrents 山洪 * torrents of rain 瓢泼大雨 * rainfalling in torrents 大雨滂沱. 2 (fig 比喻) violent outburst爆发; 迸发: a torrent of abuse, insults, questions, etc 滔滔不绝的谩骂、 凌辱、 问题等. torrential / tE5renFl; tE`rZnFEl/ adj like a torrent 似急流的: torrential rain 暴雨. torrid / 5tCrId; ?@ 5tR:r－; `tRrId/ adj 1 (of a climate or country) very hot and dry （指气候或国家）炎热而乾燥的: the `torrid zone, ie the part of the earth's surface between the tropics 热带. 2 passionate; erotic 热情的; 色情的; 引起性欲的: torrid love－scenes 撩人情欲的爱情场面. torsion / 5tR:Fn; `tRrFEn/ n [U] 1 twisting, esp of one end of sth while the other end is held fixed 扭转（尤指一端固定而扭转另一端）. 2 state of being twisted in a spiral 被旋转成的螺旋形. torso / 5tR:sEU; `tRrso/ n (pl ~s) 1 main part of the human body, not including the head, arms and legs; trunk （人体的）躯干. 2 statue of this part of the body only （人体的）躯干雕塑像. tort / tR:t; tRrt/ n (law 律) private or civil wrong (other than breach of contract) for which the wronged person may claim damages 侵权行为（受害者可要求获得损害赔偿）. tortilla / tR:5ti:jE; tRr`tijE/ n round thin cake of maize flour, usu eaten hot with a filling of meat, etc, esp in Mexico 玉米粉圆饼（通常有肉馅, 热食, 尤指墨西哥的）. tortoise / 5tR:tEs; `tRrtEs/ n slow－moving four－footed reptile with a hard shell 陆龟; 龟. tortoiseshell / 5tR:tEFel; `tRrtE9FZl/ n 1 [U] hard shell of certain turtles, esp the type with yellow and brown markings, used to make combs, etc 玳瑁壳: [attrib 作定语] a hairbrush with a tortoiseshell back 背面镶玳瑁的发刷. 2 [C] cat with yellowish－brown markings 有黄棕色花纹的猫. 3 [C] type of butterfly with brownish markings 一种有棕色花纹的蝴蝶. tortuous / 5tR:tFUEs; `tRrtFJEs/ adj 1 full of twists and turns 弯弯曲曲的: followed a tortuous road down the mountain side 顺著蜿蜒的路下山. 2 (fig usu derog 比喻, 通常作贬义) (of a policy, etc) not straight forward; devious （指政策等）不直接阐明的, 含混不清的: a tortuous argument 含糊其辞的论据 * tortuous logic 费解的逻辑. tortuosity / 9tR:tFU5CsEtI; 9tRrtFJ`BsEtI/ [U]. tortuously adv. torture / 5tR:tFE(r); `tRrtFL/ n [C, U] 1 (method of) deliberately inflicting severe pain, as a punishment or in order to force sb to say or do sth 刑法; 刑讯; 严刑逼迫: barbaric tortures 野蛮的刑法 * the widespread use of torture 遍施酷刑 * She died under torture. 她受严刑拷打致死. * [attrib 作定语] torture instruments 刑具. 2 (fig 比喻) (instance of) great physical or mental suffering 对肉体或精神的折磨: the tortures of suspense, fear, jealousy,etc 疑虑、 恐惧、 忌妒等的煎熬 * This tooth of mine is sheer torture! 我这颗牙真折磨人! torture v [Tn] 1 inflict severe pain on (sb) 使（某 人）极其痛苦; 折磨: accused the regime of torturing its political opponents 谴责该政权迫害政敌. 2 (fig 比喻) cause (sb) great physical or mental suffering 造成（某人）肉体或精神上的巨大痛苦: tortured by anxiety 受焦虑的煎熬. torturer / 5tR:tFErE(r); `tRrtFErL/ n. Tory / 5tR:rI; `tRrI/ n, adj (member) of the British Conservative Party 英国保守党的（党员）: the Tory Party conference 英国保守党会议 * Tory policies 英国保守党的政策. Toryism n [U]. toss / tCs; ?@ tR:s; tRs/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) throw sth lightly or carelessly or easily 扔; 抛; 掷: He tossed the book down on the table. 他把书扔在桌子上. * toss sth aside/away/out 把某物丢在一边[丢开/丢掉] * They were tossing a ball about. 他们把球扔来扔去. * He tossed the beggar a coin/tossed a coin to the beggar. 他把一枚硬币扔给乞丐. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (of a bull, etc) throw (sb) up with the horns （指公牛等）以角挑起（某人）. 2 [Tn, Tn.p] jerk (one's head, etc), esp in contempt or indifference 猛然扭（头等）（尤指以示轻视或冷漠）. 3 [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (cause sb/sth to) move restlessly from side to side or up and down （使某人[某物]）摇荡, 摇摆, 颠簸: branches tossing in the wind 迎风摇摆的树枝 * I couldn't sleep, but kept tossing and turning/tossing about in bed all night. 我整夜在床上翻来复去睡不著. * The ship was tossed back and forth by the waves. 那船随波涛颠簸. 4 [Tn, Tn.pr] coat (food) by shaking or turning it in dressing, etc 将（食品）拌上调料等: toss the salad in oil and vinegar 把油和醋拌入色拉. 5 [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ (up) (sth); ~ (sb) for sth send (a coin) spinning up into the air in order to decide sth by chance, according to which side is uppermost when it falls 掷（硬币）作决定: Have the two captains tossed yet (eg to decide which team will start the match)? 那两个队的队长掷硬币了吗（如决定哪队开球）? * Who's going to cook tonight? Let's toss up. 今晚谁做饭? 咱们掷硬币决定吧. * There's only one pillow I'll toss you for it. 只有一个枕头－－我跟你掷硬币决定谁用吧. 6 (phr v) toss (oneself) off ( Brit sl 讳, 俚) masturbate 手淫. toss sth off (a) drink sth straight down 一饮而尽. (b) produce sth quickly and without much thought or effort 迅速而不费力地做成某事物: I can toss off my article for the local newspaper in half an hour. 我给本地的报纸写文章只用半小时就可一挥而就. toss n 1 tossing action or movement 扔; 抛; 掷; 摇荡; 颠簸: The decision depended on the toss of a coin.那项决定是靠掷硬币的方法做出的. * take a toss, ie be thrown from a horse 从马上摔下 * a contemptuous, disdainful, scornful, etc toss of the head 轻蔑地把头一扬. 2 (idm 习语) argue the toss => argue. not give a `toss (about sb/sth) (sl 俚) not care at all 毫不在乎. win/lose the `toss guess correctly/incorrectly when a coin is tossed up which way it will fall (esp to decide which team will start a match) 猜中[猜错]掷硬币的结果（尤指决定哪一队开球）. toss－up n 1 act of tossing a coin 掷硬币. 2 (infml 口) even chance 机会相等: Both players are equally good so it's a toss－up (ie impossible to predict) who will win. 那两个运动员不相上下, 谁能取胜还很难说. tot / tCt; tBt/ n 1 small child 幼儿: a TV programme for tiny tots 为幼儿看的电视节目. 2 small glass of alcoholic drink, esp spirits 小杯的酒（尤指烈酒）. tot / tCt; tBt/ v (－tt－) (phr v) tot (sth) up (infml 口) add up 把某数加起来: It's surprising how the bills tot up. 这帐是怎麽加在一起的, 真奇怪. * Let's tot up our expenses.咱们把费用加起来吧. tot up to sth (infml 口) add upto sth; equal sth 总计达到某数; 等於某数: The bill tottedup to almost 40. 那帐单合计近40英镑. total / 5tEUtl; `totl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] complete; entire 完全的; 全部的: total silence 寂静无声 * the total number of casualties 伤亡者总数 * live in total ignorance (of sth) 全然不知（某事） * That's total nonsense! 那是一派胡言! * The firm made a total profit of 200000. 该公司的利润总额达200000英镑. * total war, ie war waged with the full resources of a country 总体战 * a total eclipse of the sun/moon, ie one in which the sun/moon is completely obscured 日[月]全蚀 * a total waste of time 纯粹浪费时间. total n 1 total number or amount 总数; 总额: What does the total come to? 总数是多少? * England scored a total of 436 runs. 英格兰板球队获总分436分. 2 (idm 习语) in `total altogether 总共: That will cost you 7.50 in total. 你总共要花7.50英镑. total v (－ll－; US also －l－) [Tn] 1 count the total of (sb/sth) 计算（人[事物]）的总和: The takings haven't been totalled yet. 总营业额还未算出. 2 amount to (sth) 总数达（若干）: He has debts totalling more than 200. 他负债总数超过200英镑. 3 (US sl 俚) wreck (esp a car) completely; destroy 彻底毁坏（尤指汽车）; 毁灭. totality / tEU5talEtI; to`tAlEtI/ n 1 [U] state of being total 整个; 全部; 全体. 2 [C] total number or amount 总数; 总额. totally / 5tEUtElI; `totlI/ adv completely; utterly 完全; 全部地; 整个地: totally blind 全盲的 * I'm afraid I totally forgot about it. 很抱歉, 我把这件事忘得乾乾净净了. totalizator, totalisator / 5tEUtElaIzeItE(r); ?@ －lIz－; `totlE9zetL/ (also infml 口语作 tote) n (fml 文) device automatically registering the bets staked on horses, etc, so that the total amount can be divided among those who bet on the winner （赛马等的）赌金计算器. totalitarian / 9tEUtalI5teErIEn; to9tAlE`tZrIEn/ adj of a system of government in which there is only one political party and no rival parties or loyalties are allowed, usu demanding that the individual submit totally to the requirements of the State 极权主义的. totalitarianism / －IzEm; －9IzEm/ n [U]. tote / tEUt; tot/ n (infml 口) = totalizator: betting on the tote 通过赌金计算器下赌注. tote / tEUt; tot/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (US infml 口) carry (sth) 携带（某物）: I've been toting this bag round all day. 我一整天都带著这个提包. totem / 5tEUtEm; `totEm/ n (image of a) natural object, esp an animal, considered by N American Indians as the emblem of a clan or family 图腾; 图腾形象. totem－pole n tall wooden pole carved or painted with a series of totems 图腾柱. totter / 5tCtE(r); `tBtL/ v [I, Ipr, Ip] 1 walk or move unsteadily; stagger 走得或动得不稳; 踉跄; 蹒跚: The child tottered across the room. 那孩子跌跌撞撞走到房间那一边. * She tottered to her feet. 她摇晃著站起来. 2 rockor shake as if about to fall 摇摇欲坠: The tall chimney tottered (to and fro) and then collapsed. 那座高烟囱摇摇晃晃地倒了下来. tottery / 5tCtErI; `tBtErI/ adj: feel faint and tottery 觉得头晕脚步不稳. toucan / 5tu:kAn, －kEn; ?@ also tU5kB:n; `tukAn, tJ`kBn/ n tropical American bird with brightly coloured feathers and a very large beak 妥鸟空鸟（产於美洲热带地区的鸟, 羽色鲜明, 喙极大）. touch / tQtF; tQtF/ v 1 [I, Tn] be or come together with (sth else) so that there is no space between 触, 接触, 触及（他物）: The two wires were touching. 那两条金属线搭在一起了. * One of the branches was just touching thewater. 有一个树枝刚碰著水面. * The two properties touch(each other), ie share a boundary. 这两块地产相毗邻. 2 [Tn] press or strike (sth/sb) lightly, esp with the hand 轻触, 轻碰（某物[某人]）（尤指用手碰）: Don't touch that dish it's very hot! 别摸那个盘子－－烫极了! * Can you touch the top of the door (ie reach it with your hand)? 你够得著门的上边吗? * He touched me on the arm, eg to attract my attention. 他碰碰我胳膊（如让我注意）. * Don't let your coat touch the wall the paint's still wet. 你的大衣别蹭著墙－－涂料还没乾呢. 3 [Tn] move or interfere with (sb/sth); harm 移动, 妨碍（某人[某物]）; 损坏: I told you not to touch my things! 我告诉过你, 别动我的东西! * The valuable paintings were not touched by the fire. 那场火并未波及这些名画. * What he did was perfectly legal the police can't touch (ie arrest) him for it. 他做的事完全合法, 警方不能碰他.4 [Tn] (usu in negative sentences 通常用於否定句) eat or drink even a little of (sth) 仅吃或喝少量（某物）: You've hardly touched your steak. 这块牛排你没怎麽动啊. 5 [Tn, Tn.pr] (a) ~ sb/sth (with sth) make (sb/sb's feelings) sympathetic or sad 感动（某人）; 触动（某人[某人的感情]）; 使（某人）怜悯或悲哀: Her tragic story touched us all deeply/touched our hearts with sorrow. 她的经历很悲惨, 我们都深受感动[我们都很伤心]. * He never seems to have been touched with the slightest remorse for his crimes. 他似乎从来没有丝毫悔罪之意. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (on sth) cause (sb/sb's feelings) to be hurt or offended 伤害（某人[某人的感情]）; 触犯（某人）: Her sarcasm touched his self－esteem. 她讥讽的言语伤了他的自尊心. * You've touched me on a tender spot, ie mentioned sth I find painful or unpleasant. 你触到了我的痛处（提及使我痛苦或不快的事）. 6 [Tn] (usu in negative sentences 通常用於否定句) be associated or connected with (sth) 与（某事）有联系或有关系: Your objections do not touch the point at issue. 你提的反对意见与问题的实质无关. * I wouldn't touch anything illegal. 我与违法的事沾不上边儿. * Shenever touches (ie drinks) alcohol. 她向来滴酒不沾. 7 [Tn](usu in negative sentences 通常用於否定句) equal (sb/sth) in excellence; rival 与（某人[某事物]）媲美或匹敌; 抵得上: No one can touch him (ie He is the best) as a comedian/in comedy. 他这个喜剧演员[演喜剧]没人能比得上. * There's nothing to touch mountain air for giving you an appetite. 再也没有比山间清新的空气更能促进食欲的了. 8 [Tn] reach (a certain level, etc) 达到（某一水平等）: The speedometer was touching 120 mph. 速度计显示时速达120英里. * After touching 143, the price (ie of shares on the stock－market) fell back to 108 by the close of trading. 股票价格攀上143点後, 收市时回落到108点. * touch the depths of despair 达到绝望的深渊.9 (idm 习语) hit/touch a nerve => nerve. not touch sb/sth with a `barge－pole (Brit infml 口) not wish to have or be associated with sb/sth 但愿从未或决不与某人[某事物]有任何关系: I don't know why she's marrying that appalling man; I wouldn't touch him with a barge－pole. 我不明白她为什麽要嫁给那个糟糕透顶的人, 我连理都不愿意理他. touch `bottom (a) reach and touch the ground at the bottom of a body of water 触到水底: The ship has touched bottom the estuary must be shallower than we thought. 船搁浅了－－这河口的水比我们想像的要浅. (b) (fig 比喻) reach the worst possible state or condition 达到最坏的境况: When he was forced to beg from his friends he felt he had touched bottom and could sink no lower. 等到他被迫向朋友乞讨时, 他觉得自己的境况已糟到无以复加的地步了. touch sb on the `raw hurt sb's feelings by mentioning sth about which he is sensitive 触某人的痛处（提及某人敏感的事而伤害某人的感情）; 揭某人的疮疤. touch the right `chord appeal cleverly to sb's feelings 巧妙地触动某人的感情. touch `wood (catchphrase 警语)(expression used, often while touching sth made of wood,in the superstitious or humorous hope of avoiding bad luck 迷信的或诙谐的避邪用语, 常边说此语边触木制物品): I've been driving for 20 years and never had an accident touch wood! 我开车开了20年从来没出过车祸－－摸摸木头避邪! 10 (phr v) touch at sth (no passive 不用於被动语态) (of a ship) stop for a period at (a place); call at sth （指船）在（某地）停一段时间, 停於某处: Our ship touched at Naples. 我们的船曾在那不勒斯停靠. touch down (a) (of an aircraft) land （指飞行器）著陆, 接地. (b) (in Rugby) score a try by putting the ball on the ground behind the other team's goal line （英式橄榄球）底线得分, 触地球（在对方球门线後以球触地）. touch sb for sth (sl 俚) get sb to give one money (as a loan or by begging) 让某人给些钱（或借或讨）: Hetried to touch me for a fiver. 他想让我给他五英镑. touchsth off (a) cause sth to explode or catch fire 使某物爆炸或著火. (b) (fig 比喻) cause sth to start 触发或引起某事: His arrest touched off a riot. 他被捕後引起了骚乱. touch on/upon sth mention or deal with (a subject) briefly 提及或涉及（某问题）: The matter was hardly touched on. 那件事几乎没涉及到. touch sb up (sl 俚) touch sb in a sexually improper or suggestive way （猥亵地或为挑逗性欲）触摸某人. touch sth up improve sth by making small changes 稍作修改以改进某事物: I'm going to touch up those scratches with a bit of paint. 我要用点儿颜料修补那些划痕. touchdown n 1 (of an aircraft) landing （指飞行器）著陆, 接地. 2 (in American football) score made by taking the ball across the other team's goal line （美式橄榄球）持球触地（持球越对方门线得分）. touch / tQtF; tQtF/ n 1 [C usu sing 通常作单数] act or fact of touching 触; 接触: I felt a touch on my arm. 我觉得有人摸了我胳膊一下. * A bubble will burst at the slightest touch. 气泡稍微一碰就破. * He managed to get a touch to the ball. 他尽力触到了球. 2 [U] faculty of perceiving things or their qualities by touching them 触觉: Blind people rely a lot on touch. 盲人在很大程度上依靠触觉. * a highly developed sense of touch 高度发达的触觉.3 [sing] way sth feels when touched 触摸时的感觉: soft to the touch 摸起来很柔软 * The material has a warm, velvety touch. 这料子摸著如天鹅绒般温暖柔软. * the cold touch of marble 触摸大理石的冰冷感觉. 4 [C] small detail （细节中）微小之处: put the finishing touches to a piece of work 给一个作品作最後加工 * humorous touches 幽默的细微之处 * That was a clever touch. 那是巧妙的装点. 5 [sing] a ~ (of sth) slight quantity; trace 少许; 微量: This dish needs a touch more garlic. 这菜里要再加点儿蒜. * `Do you take sugar?' `Just a touch.' ｀你要糖吗?＇｀只要一点儿.＇ * There's a touch of frost in the air. 空气中略有寒意. * I've got a touch of flu. 我有点儿感冒. * have a touch of the sun, ie slight sunstroke 轻微中暑. 6 [sing] manner or style of workmanship,performance, etc （技艺、 表演等的）手法, 风格: the touchof a master, ie expert style, eg in painting 大师风范（如绘画中的） * play the piano with a light, heavy, firm, delicate,etc touch 以轻快的、 有力的、 稳健的、 灵巧的...指法弹钢琴 * His work lacks that professional touch. 他的作品缺乏专业技巧. 7 [sing] person's special skill 个人的特殊能力; 技能: I can't do the crossword today I must be losing my touch. 我今天填不出这纵横字谜了－－一定是本事不济了. * Has he regained his old touch? 他恢复以前的能力了吗? * another adventure film with that inimitable Steven Spielberg touch 具有独树一帜的史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格技巧的另一部冒险影片. 8 [U] (in football and Rugby) part of the pitch outside the sidelines （足球及英式橄榄球）边线以外区域: The ball is out of/in touch. 球已出[在]边线外区域. * kick the ball into touch 把球踢出边线外. 9 (idm 习语) at a `touch if touched, however lightly 一触即: The machine stops and starts at a touch. 这机器一触即可停止或开动. the common touch => common1. an easy/a soft `touch (sl 俚) person who readily gives or lends money if asked （一经要求）愿意给人钱或借给人钱的人. in/out of `touch (with sb) in/not in communication 有[无]联系: Let's keep in touch. 咱们保持联系. * Do get in touch soon, eg by phone. 一定要尽早联系（如打电话）. * Our head office can put you in touch with a branch in your area. 我们总公司可安排您与当地分公司取得联系. * I'll be in touch again towards the end of the week. 我到周末时再联系. * We've been out of touch with Roger for years now. 我们至今已有数年未与罗杰来往了. in/out of touch with sth having/not having information about sth 了解[不了解]某事的信息: I try to keep in touch with current events by reading the newspapers. 我经常读报来尽量了解时事. lose touch => lose. a touch (with an adj or adv 与形容词或副词连用) slightly 少许: It's a touch colder today. 今天有点儿冷. * She hit the ball a touch too hard. 她击球的力量大了点儿. touch－and－go adj [usu pred 通常作表语] (infml 口) uncertain as to the result 无法确定结果; 无把握: It was touch－and－go whether we would get to the airport in time. 我们是否能按时到机场还很难说. * The patient is out of danger now, but it was touch－and－go (ie uncertain whether he would survive) for a while. 病人现已脱离危险, 但曾有一度吉凶未卜. touch－judge n linesman in Rugby football （英式橄榄球）巡边员, 边线裁判员. touch－line n line marking the side of a football field （足球场的）边线. touch－type v [I] type without looking at the keys （不看打字机键盘）按指法打字. touche / 5tu:FeI; ?@ tu:5FeI; tu`Fe/ interj (expression used to acknowledge that one's opponent has made a good or effective point in an argument, a discussion, etc 在辩论、 讨论等中用以承认对方言之成理的词语). touched / tQtFt; tQtFt/ adj [pred 作表语] 1 made to feel warm sympathy or gratitude 受感动; 感激: I was very touched by/to receive your kind letter. 我收到你的来信, 十分感激. 2 (infml 口) slightly mad 精神有些失常; 轻微疯癫. touching / 5tQtFIN; `tQtFIN/ adj arousing pity or sympathy 引起怜悯或同情的: a touching sight, story, scene 使人产生恻隐之心的情景、 经历、 场面 * (ironic 反语) She showed a touching (ie perhaps mistaken) faith in her own invincibility. 她坚信自己无往不利, 这念头未免太可怜了. touching prep (fml 文) having an effect on (sth); concerning 对（某事物）有影响; 关於: measures touching our interests 关系到我们的利益的措施. touchingly adv. touchy / 5tQtFI; `tQtFI/ adj (－ier, －iest) 1 easily offended 易生气的: Don't be so touchy! 别动不动就生气! 2 (of asubject, situation, etc) requiring careful handling becauseof potential controversy or offence （指问题、 情况等）需小心处理的（因可能引起争议或不悦）: Racism remains a touchy issue. 种族主义可是个要小心处理的问题. touchily / －IlI; －IlI/ adv. touchiness n [U]. tough / tQf; tQf/ adj (－er, －est) 1 not easily cut, broken, or worn out 坚韧的; 不易切开、 打破或磨损的: as tough as leather 坚韧如皮革 * Tough glass is needed for windscreens. 挡风玻璃需要用不易碎的玻璃. * a tough pair of walking boots 一双结实的步行靴. 2 able to endure hardship; not easily defeated or injured 能耐劳苦的; 不易击败的; 不易伤害的: You need to be tough to survive in the jungle. 要在丛林中活下来就要有坚忍不拔的意志. * Coal－miners are a tough breed. 煤矿工人都是能吃苦耐劳的. 3 (esp US) rough; violent 粗暴的; 凶恶的: one of the toughest areas of the city 该市治安最坏的一个地区. * a tough criminal 凶暴的罪犯. 4 (derog 贬) (of meat) hard to cut or chew （指肉）切不动的, 咬不动的, 硬的, 老的: a tough steak 咬不动的牛排. 5 severe; unyielding 严厉的; 不屈的; 强硬的: tough measures to deal with terrorism 对付恐怖主义的严厉措施 * take a tough line with offenders 对犯罪分子采取强硬方针.6 difficult 困难的: It's tough finding a job these days. 近来很难找到工作. * a tough game, assignment, problem, journey 艰苦的比赛、 困难的任务、 难题、 艰辛的旅程. 7 ~ (on sb) (infml 口) unfortunate 不幸的; 倒霉的: That's tough! ie Bad luck! 真倒霉! * It's rather tough on him falling ill just as he's about to go on holiday. 他正要去度假却生病了, 真倒霉. * Oh, tough luck! 嗨, 真不走运! 8 (idm 习语) be/get tough (with sb) adopt a firm attitude; take severe measures 采取坚决态度; 采用强硬手段: It's time to get tough with football hooligans. 现在该对足球迷小流氓采取强硬措施了. * [attrib 作定语] a get－tough policy 强硬的方针. a hard/tough nut => nut. (as) tough as old `boots (infml 口) (esp of meat) very tough; difficult to chew （尤指肉）很硬的, 很老的, 咬不动的. a ,tough `customer (infml 口) personwho is difficult to control, overcome, satisfy, etc 难对付的人. tough (also toughie / 5tQfI; `tQfI/) n (infml 口) rough and violent person 粗暴的人: a gang of young toughs 一帮年轻的恶棍. tough v (phr v) tough sth out (infml 口) endure (a difficult situation) with determination 坚决忍受著（困难的情况）. toughen / 5tQfn; `tQfn/ v [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth/sb) (up) (cause sth/sb to) become tough or tougher （使某事物[某人]）（更）坚韧, 坚强, 强硬: The law needs toughening (up). 需要加强法制的威力. * toughened glass 钢化玻璃. toughness n [U]. toupee / 5tu:peI; ?@ tu:5peI; tu`pe/ n patch of false hair worn to cover a bald spot; small wig （遮掩秃斑的）小撮假发; 小型假发. tour / tUE(r); also, in British use, 英式英语读作 tR:(r); tJr/n 1 journey for pleasure during which various places of interest are visited 旅行; 旅游: a round－the－world tour 环球旅行 * a coach tour of (ie around) France 乘长途汽车周游法国 * a cycling/walking tour 骑自行车[徒步]旅游 * [attrib 作定语] tour operators 旅行社经营者. 2 briefvisit to or through a place 参观; 游览: go on/make/do a tour of the palace, museum, ruins, etc 参观宫殿、 博物馆、 废墟等 * a conducted/guided tour, ie made by agroup led by a guide 有导游的旅行. =>Usage at journey用法见journey. 3 official series of visits for the purposeof playing matches, giving performances, etc 巡回比赛、 演出等: the Australian cricket team's forthcoming tour of England 澳大利亚板球队即将来英国进行的巡回比赛* The orchestra is currently on tour in Germany. 该管弦乐团目前正在德国巡回演出. * The Director leaves tomorrow for a tour of overseas branches, ie to inspect them. 董事长明天动身去视察海外分支机构. 4 period of duty abroad 海外任职期间: a tour of three years as a lecturer in Nigeria 在尼日利亚当讲师的三年任期. tour v [I, Ipr, Tn] ~ (in sth) make a tour of or in (a place) 在（某地）旅行、 旅游或巡回: They're touring (in) India. 他们正在印度游历. * The play will tour the provincesnext month. 该剧将於下月在各地巡回演出. tourism / 5tUErIzEm; also, in British use, 英式英语读作5tR:r－; `tJr9IzEm/ n [U] business of providing accommodationand services for tourists 旅游业: The country's economy is dependent on tourism. 该国经济依赖於旅游业. tourist / 5tUerIst; also, in British use, 英式英语读作 tR:r－; `tJrIst/ n 1 person who is travelling or visiting a place for pleasure 旅行者; 旅游者; 观光客: London is full of tourists in the summer. 在夏季伦敦有很多游客. * [attrib 作定语] a `tourist agency 旅行社. 2??b (sport 体) memberof a team on tour(3) 巡回比赛运动队队员: the Australian tourists 澳大利亚巡回比赛运动队队员. touristy adj (infml derog 口, 贬) full of tourists; designed to attract tourists 游客很多的; 吸引游客的: The coast is terribly touristy now. 海滨区现在到处都是游客. tourist class (on aircraft and ships) second class （飞机或轮船上的）二等舱, 经济舱. tourist trap (infml 口) place that exploits tourists (by overcharging, etc) 敲旅客竹杠的地方. tour de force / 9tUE dE 5fR:s; 9tJrdE`fRrs/ (pl tours de force / 9tUE dE5fR:s; 9tJrdE`fRrs/) (French 法) outstandingly skilful performance or achievement 绝技; 壮举; 杰作. tournament / 5tR:nEmEnt; ?@ 5t\:rn－; `t[nEmEnt/ n 1series of contests of skill between a number of competitors,often on a knock－out basis 联赛, 比赛, 竞赛, 锦标赛（常为淘汰制）: a tennis, chess, snooker, etc tournament 网球、 国际象棋、 落袋台球等比赛. =>Usage at sport 用法见sport. 2 (formerly) contest between knights on horseback armed with blunted weapons, esp lances （旧时）武士骑马比武（用钝武器, 尤指长矛）. tourniquet / 5tUEnIkeI; ?@ 5t\:rnIkEt; `t[nI9kEt/ n device for stopping the flow of blood through an artery by twisting sth tightly around a limb 止血带; 压脉器: applying a tourniquet to the wounded man's arm 给受伤者的臂上扎止血带. tousle / 5taUzl; `taJzl/ v [Tn] make (hair, etc) untidy by pulling or rubbing it about 弄乱（头发等）: a girl with tousled hair 头发蓬乱的女孩儿. tout / taUt; taJt/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn] ~ (for sth) try to get people to buy (one's goods or services), esp in an annoyingly insistent way 兜售（货物）; 招揽（生意）: touting for custom 招揽生意 * touting one's wares 兜售商品. 2 [Tn] (Brit) sell (tickets to sports events, concerts, etc) at a price higher than the official one 卖高价票（体育比赛、 音乐会等的）; 卖黑市票. tout n person who touts things 兜售者; 招揽生意的人; 卖高价票的人: a `ticket tout 票贩子. tow / tEU; to/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] pull (sth) along with a rope, chain, etc （用绳、 链等）拖, 拉, 拽, 曳（某物）: tow a damaged ship into port 把损坏的船拖进港 * If you park your car here the police may tow it away. 你要是把汽车停在这里, 警察就会把它拖走. =>Usage at pull2 用法见 pull2. tow n 1 (esp sing 尤作单数) act of towing sth 拖; 拉; 拽; 曳: My car won't start can you give me a tow? 我的汽车发动不起来了－－你能帮我拖一下吗? 2 (idm 习语) in tow (a) (infml 口) accompanying or following behind 伴随; 跟随: He had his family in tow, ie with him. 他拖家带口. (b) = on tow: The damaged freighter was taken in tow. 那损坏的货轮被拖著走. on tow being towed 被拖、 拉、 拽或曳: The lorry was on tow. 那货车被拖著走. tow－bar n bar fitted to the back of a car for towing a caravan, etc （用以牵引拖车等的）牵引杆. tow－line, `tow－rope ns line or rope used for towing 拖索; 拖缆; 纤绳. tow－path n path along the bank of a river or canal, formerly used by horses towing barges, etc 纤道, 纤路（沿河岸的道路, 旧时马拖船走的）. tow / tEU; to/ n [U] short coarse fibres of flax or hemp, used for making rope, etc 粗麻屑（用以制绳索）. towards / tE5wR:dz; ?@ tR:rdz; tRrdz/ (also toward/ tE5wR:d; US tR:rd; tRrd/) prep 1 in the direction of (sb/sth) 向, 朝, 对著（某人[某事物]）的方向: walk towards the river 朝著河走去 * look out towards the sea 向外面的大海看 * The child came running towards me. 那孩子向我跑来. * She turned her back towards the sun. 她转过身背对著太阳. 2 moving closer to achieving (sth) 趋於达成（某事）: The meeting is seen as the first step towards greater unity between the parties. 这一会议可视为两党走向进一步联合的第一步. * We have made some progress towards reaching an agreement. 我们在达成协议方面已取得些进展. 3 in relation to (sb/sth) 对於或关於（某人[某事]）: The local people are always very friendly towardstourists. 当地人对游客一向十分热情. * He behaved very affectionately towards her children. 他非常疼爱她的孩子. * As you get older your attitude towards death changes. 人随著年龄的增长, 对死亡的看法也会有所改变. 4 with the aim of acquiring or contributing to (sth) 为得到或用於（某物）: The money will go towards (the cost of) building a new school. 此款项将用於建设新学校（的开销）. * 30 a month goes towards a pension fund. 每月交30英镑用作退职基金. 5 near (a point in time) 接近（某一时间）: Food shortages will probably get worse towards the end of the century. 食物短缺的情况到本世纪末可能更加严重. * Now he's getting towards retirement age he's started playing golf. 他因接近退休年龄, 就打起高尔夫球来了. towel / 5taUEl; `taJEl/ n 1 piece of absorbent cloth or paper for drying oneself or wiping things dry 毛巾; 手巾; 抹布; 纸巾: a `hand－/`bath－towel 手[浴]巾 * a paper `towel 纸巾. 2 (idm 习语) throw in the `towel (infml 口) admit that one is defeated 承认失败; 认输. Cf 参看 throw up the sponge (sponge). towel v (－ll－; US －l－) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ oneself/sb (down) (with sth) dry oneself/sb with a towel 用毛巾擦乾自己[某人]. towelling (US toweling) n [U] thick soft absorbent cloth (of a type) used for making towels 毛巾布. towel－rail n rail for hanging towels on 毛巾架. tower / 5taUE(r); `taJL/ n 1 tall narrow structure, usu square or circular, either standing alone (eg as a fort) or forming part of a church or a castle or some other large building 塔: the Tower of London 伦敦塔 * the church's bell tower 教堂的钟楼. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page viii. 2 (idm 习语) an ivory tower => ivory. 3 a ,tower of `strength person who can be relied upon for protection, strength or comfort in time of trouble （危难时）可依赖的人, 靠山. tower v (phr v) tower above/over sb/sth 1 be of much greater height than others nearby 远高於周围的人或物: the skyscrapers that tower over New York 高耸於纽约市的摩天大楼 * At six feet, he towers over his mother.他身高六英尺, 比他母亲高得多. 2 (fig 比喻) greatly surpass others in ability, quality, fame, etc （在能力、 品德、 名声等方面）远超过他人: Shakespeare towers above all other Elizabethan dramatists. 莎士比亚远超过伊丽莎白时代所有的剧作家. towering / 5taUErIN; `taJErIN/ adj [attrib 作定语] 1 extremely or impressively tall or high 极高的; 高大的: the towering dome of the cathedral 大教堂高大的圆顶. 2 (of rage, etc) intense; extreme （指发怒等）强烈的, 极度的. 3 (approv 褒) outstanding 杰出的: Einstein, one of the towering intellects of the age 爱因斯坦, 一位当世俊彦. tower block (Brit) very tall block of flats or offices 高层建筑; 公寓大楼; 办公大楼. town / taUn; taJn/ n 1 (a) [C] centre of population that is larger than a village but smaller than a city 镇; 集镇; 市镇: drove through several large industrial towns 开车穿过几座大的工业市镇 * the historic town of Cambridge 历史名城剑桥. (b) [CGp] its inhabitants 城镇居民: The whole town turned out to welcome the team home. 镇上居民全体出动迎接该队归来. 2 [U] towns or cities, esp as contrasted with the country 镇, 城市（尤与乡村相对）: Do you live in town or in the country? 你住在城里还是住在乡下? * [attrib 作定语] town life 城市生活. 3 [U] (preceded by a prep and without the or a 用於介词之後, 不加冠词the或a) (a) main business and commercial area of a neighbourhood （一地区的）商业区: I'm going into town this morning do you want me to get you anything? 我今天上午要到商业区去－－你想让我给你捎什麽东西来吗? (b) chief town or city of an area; (in England) London （一地区的主要的）镇或城市; （在英格兰指）伦敦: Mr Green is not in town/is out of town. 格林先生不在城里. * He went up to town this morning. 他今天早晨进城了. * She's spending the weekend in town. 她正在伦敦度周末. 4 (idm 习语) go to `town (on sth) (infml 口) do sth with great vigour or enthusiasm, esp by spending a lot of money 以极大的精力或热情做某事（尤指花很多钱）: When they give parties they really go to town. 他们每次搞聚会都不惜钱财. * The critics really went to town on his latest film, ie discussed it at length, esp unfavourably. 影评界把他最新的电影数落个够. a man about town => man. (out) on the `townvisiting places of entertainment (eg night－clubs, theatres) in a town or city, esp at night 去城里的娱乐场所（如夜总会、 剧院）（尤指夜间）: For a birthday treat they took him out on the town. 他们为庆贺他的生日请他去城里娱乐场所玩. paint the town red => paint2. town centre (esp Brit) main business and commercialarea of a town 镇上的主要商业区. Cf 参看 downtown. town clerk official in charge of the records of a town or city 镇执事, 镇书记（掌管案卷者）. town council (Brit) governing body of a town 镇政务会. ,town 'councillor member of this 镇政务会委员. town crier (esp formerly) person employed to make official announcements in public places （尤指旧时）街头公告员（受雇在公共场所宣读公告的人）. town hall building containing local government officesand usu a hall for public meetings, concerts, etc 镇公所; 市政厅; 市镇集会所. town house 1 house in town owned by sb who also has one in the country （兼有城乡住宅者的）市内住宅. 2 modern house built as part of a planned group or row of houses （规画住宅群中的）新式住宅. town planning control of the growth and developmentof a town, its buildings, roads, etc, esp by a local authority 市镇规化. townsfolk, `townspeople ns [pl] people of a town 镇民. townsman / －mEn; －mEn/ n (pl －men) man who lives in a town 住在镇里的人. townee / taU5ni:; taJ`ni/ (also townie, towny / 5taUnI;`taJnI/) n (derog 贬) person who lives in a town or city and is ignorant of country life （不了解乡村生活的）城里人. township / 5taUnFIp; `taJnFIp/ n 1 (community living in a) small town 小镇（的居民）. 2 (in S Africa) town or suburb designated for use by non－whites （南非）有色人种居住的镇或郊区. 3 (in US, Canada) division of a county; district six miles square （美国、 加拿大的）镇区, 六平方英里的地区. toxaemia (also toxemia) / tCk5si:mIE; tBks`imIE/ n [U] (medical 医) = blood－poisoning (blood1). toxic / 5tCksIk; `tBksIk/ adj poisonous 有毒的: toxic drugs 毒药 * the toxic effects of alcohol 酒精的毒性. toxicity / tCk5sIsEtI; tBks`IsEtI/ n [U] quality or degree of being toxic 毒性; 毒力: the comparative toxicity of different insecticides 不同杀虫剂的相对的毒性. toxicology / 9tCksI5kClEdVI; 9tBksI`kBlEdVI/ n scientific study of poisons 毒理学; 毒物学. toxicologist / －dVIst; －dVIst/ n student of or expert in toxicology 研究毒理或毒物的人; 毒理或毒物学家. toxin / 5tCksIn; `tBksIn/ n poisonous substance, esp one formed by bacteria in plants and animals and causing a particular disease 毒素（尤指细菌导致动植物疾病的）. toy / tRI; tRI/ n 1 thing to play with, esp for a child 玩具（尤指儿童的）. 2 (usu derog 通常作贬义) thing intended for amusement rather than for serious use 为玩耍的而并非为使用的东西: His latest toy is a personal computer. 他的最新玩物是个人计算机. * executive toys 行政人员的小玩物. toy adj [attrib 作定语] 1 made in imitation of the specified thing and used for playing with 作玩具的: a toy car, gun, telephone 玩具汽车、 枪、 电话 * toy (ie model) soldiers 玩具士兵. 2 (of a dog) of a small breed or variety, kept as a pet （指狗）体型小的（作宠物的）: a toy spaniel 西班牙种的小猎鸡狗. toy v (phr v) toy with sth 1 consider sth idly or without serious intent 漫不经心地考虑某事: I've been toying with the idea of moving abroad. 我一直胡乱想著移居国外好不好. 2 handle or move sth carelessly or absent－mindedly 粗心地或心不在焉地摆弄或移动某物: toying with a pencil 摆弄著铅笔 * She was just toying with her food, as if she wasn't really hungry. 她把饭拨弄著玩儿, 好像并不饿. toyshop n shop where toys are sold 玩具店. trace / treIs; tres/ n 1 [C, U] mark, track, sign, etc showing what has existed or happened 踪迹; 痕迹; 形迹: traces of prehistoric habitation 史前居民的遗迹 * The police have been unable to find any trace of the gang. 警方一直未能找到那团伙的任何踪迹. * We've lost all trace of him, ie We no longer know where he is. 我们现在不知道他的下落了. * The ship had vanished without trace. 那船消失得无影无踪. 2 [C] very small amount 极微的量: The post－mortem revealed traces of poison in his stomach. 验尸发现他胃中有微量毒物. * He spoke without a trace of emotion. 他说话时毫不动感情. trace element substance occurring or needed only in extremely small amounts (esp in the soil, for the proper growth of plants) 微量元素, 痕量元素（尤指土壤中的, 植物正常生长所需要的）. trace / treIs; tres/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (to sth) follow or discover sb/sth by finding and noticing marks, tracks or other evidence 追踪; 跟踪; 追溯; 探索; 查出: I cannot trace the letter to which you refer. 我查不到你提到的那封信. * Archaeologists have traced many Roman roads in Britain. 考古学家在英国发现了许多古罗马的道路. * The criminal was traced to Glasgow. 追踪那个罪犯直追到格拉斯哥. (b) [Tn] describe the development of (sth) 描述（某事）的发展过程: a book which traces the decline of the Roman empire 叙述罗马帝国衰亡的书. 2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (back) (to sth)find the origin of sth 找出某事的根源: He traces his descent back to an old Norman family. 他追踪自己的世系上溯至一个古老的诺曼家族. * Her fear of water can be traced back to a childhood accident. 她很怕水, 起因可归於儿时的一次事故. * The cause of the fire was traced to a faulty fuse－box. 起火的原因已查出是因保险丝盒中有短路. 3 [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (out) (a) sketch or indicate the outline of sth 画出或描绘出某物的轮廓: We traced out our route on the map. 我们在地图上画出我们的路线. * (fig 比喻) Those who came later followed the policies he had traced out. 後来的人都按他制定的方针政策行事. (b) form letters, etc slowly and with difficulty 缓慢而费力地写字等: He traced his signature laboriously. 他吃力地签上自己的名字. 4 [Tn] copy (a map, drawing, etc) on transparent paper placed over it （将透明纸置於地图、 图画等上）复制, 描摹. tracer n 1 person or thing that traces 追踪者; 追踪装置; 描摹者; 描摹工具. 2 bullet or shell whose course is made visible by a line of smoke, etc left behind it 曳光弹: [attrib 作定语] tracer bullets 曳光弹. 3 radioactive substance whose course through the human body, etc can be traced by the radiation it produces, used for investigating a chemical or biological process 示踪物. tracing n copy of a map, drawing, etc made by tracing (trace2 4) it 摹图; 描图. tracing－paper n [U] strong transparent paper for making tracings 描图纸. trace / treIs; tres/ n 1 (usu pl 通常作复数) either of the two straps, chains or ropes by which a horse is attached to and pulls a wagon, carriage, etc 挽绳; 挽缰. =>illus at harness 见 harness 插图. 2 (idm 习语) kick over the traces => kick1. tracery / 5treIsErI; `tresErI/ n [U, C] 1 ornamental patternof stonework in a church window, etc （教堂窗户等上的）石制花饰. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page viii. 2 decorative pattern resembling this 类似石制花饰的图案: the delicate traceries of frost on the window－pane 结在窗户玻璃上的精美的霜花. trachea / trE5kIE; ?@ 5treIkIE; `trekIE/ n (pl 复数作 ~s or, in scientific use, 科技用语复数作 ~e / －kIi:; －`kii/)(anatomy 解) windpipe 气管. =>illus at respire 见 respire 插图. tracheotomy / 9trkI5CtEmI; 9trekI`BtEmI/ n (medical 医) operation to cut a hole in the trachea, esp to help breathing 气管切开术. trachoma / trE5kEUmE; trE`komE/ n [U] (medical 医) contagious disease of the eye causing inflammation of the inner surface of the eyelids 沙眼. track / trAk; trAk/ n 1 (usu pl 通常作复数) line or series of marks left by a moving vehicle, person, animal, etc （车辆、 人、 动物等行走时留下的）踪迹, 足迹, 痕迹: `tyre tracks in the mud 泥地上的车胎印 * We followed his tracks through the snow. 我们循著雪地上他留下的脚印走. * fresh `bear tracks 熊的新足迹. 2 course taken by sth/sb (whether it can be seen or not) 某事物的进程; 某事物[某人]的路径或路线: the track of a storm, comet, satellite 风暴、 彗星、 卫星的路线 * following in the track of earlier explorers 沿著先前探险者的路径前进. 3 path or rough road, esp one made by vehicles, people oranimals 路, 小径（尤指车辆、 人或动物造成的）: a muddytrack through the forest 穿过森林的泥泞小路 * `sheep tracks across the moor 羊群踏出的穿越高沼地的小径.4 (a) set of rails for trains （火车的）轨道: a single/doubletrack, ie one pair/two pairs of rails 单[双]轨 * The train left the track, ie was derailed. 火车出轨了. (b) (US) railway platform （火车站的）站台: The train for Chicago is on track 9. 开往芝加哥的列车停靠在第9站台.5 prepared course or circuit for racing （比赛用的）跑道: a`cycling/`running/`greyhound/`motor－racing track 自行车赛[赛跑/赛狗/汽车赛]的跑道 * [attrib 作定语] `trackracing 径赛. =>Usage at path 用法见path. 6 (a) sectionof a gramophone record 唱片的一段录音: Her new album has two great tracks (eg songs) on it. 她的新唱片集里有两段（如歌曲）特别棒. (b) channel of a recordingtape （录音磁带上的）声道: [attrib 作定语] a sixteen－tracktape recorder 十六声道录音机. (c) (computing 计) section of a disk, etc in which information is stored （磁盘等的）道（储存信息用的）. 7 continuous belt round the wheels of a bulldozer, tank, etc, on which it moves （推土机、 坦克等的）履带. 8 rail along which sth (eg a curtain or a cupboard door) is moved （物件, 如帘幕、 橱门等的）滑道, 滑轨. 9 (idm 习语) cover one's tracks => cover1. from/on the wrong side of the tracks => wrong. hot on sb's tracks/trail => hot. in one's `tracks (infml 口) where one is; suddenly 就地; 当场; 突然: He fell dead in his tracks. 他当场死去. * Your question stopped him in his tracks, ie disconcerted him. 你提的问题让他当场下不来台. jump the rails/track => jump2. keep/lose track of sb/sth keep/fail to keep informed about sb/sth 与某人[某事]保持[失去]联系: It's hard to keep track of (ie maintain contact with) all one's old school friends. 与中学时的所有老校友都保持联系是很困难的. * lose track of time, ie forget what time it is 说不准现在的确切时间. make `tracks (for...) (infml 口) leave (for a place) 离去（向某地）: It's time we made tracks (for home). 我们该（家）走了. off the beaten track => beat1. on the right/wrong `track thinking or acting in a correct/incorrect way 想法或做法对[不对]: We haven't found the solution yet, but I'm sure we're on the right track. 我们还没有找到解决办法, 但我肯定我们的思路是对的. on sb's track pursuing sb 追踪某人: The police are on the track of the gang. 警方正在追踪那帮团伙. track v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (to sth) follow the track of sb/sth 追踪某人[某物]: track a satellite, missile, etc using radar 用雷达追踪卫星、 导弹等 * The police tracked the terrorists to their hide－out. 警方追踪恐怖分子至其藏匿处. * track an animal to its lair 追踪一动物至其窝穴. 2 [I, Ipr, Ip] (cinema 影) (of a camera) move along while filming （指摄影机）移动摄影: a tracking shot 跟踪摄影. 3 (phr v) track sb/sth down findsb/sth by searching 经追踪或搜索而发现某人[某物]: track down an animal (to its lair) 追踪（至窝穴）发现一动物 * I finally tracked down the reference in a dictionary of quotations. 我终於在引语词典中查到了那段引文. tracker n person who tracks wild animals, etc 追踪野兽等的人. `tracker dog dog used for tracking criminals, etc 用以追踪犯罪分子等的犬. tracked adj having tracks (track7) 有履带的: tracked vehicles 履带车. track and field (esp US) sports performed on a track or on a field, usu one surrounded by a track; athletics 田径运动; 体育运动（尤指跑和跳）. track events (sport 体) athletic events involving the running of races (eg sprinting, hurdles, steeplechase) 径赛项目（如短跑、 跨栏、 障碍赛跑）. Cf 参看 field events (field1). tracking station place from which the movements of satellites, missiles, etc are tracked by radar or radio （用雷达或无线电追踪卫星、 导弹等的）跟踪站. track record past achievements of a person, anorganization, etc （个人、 组织等）过去的成绩或成就: Hehas an excellent track record (ie has been very successful) as a salesman. 他当推销员一向十分出色. * a company with a poor track record 一向无效益的公司. track suit warm loose－fitting trousers and jacket worn for athletic practice, as casual clothes, etc （运动练习时或作便服穿的）宽松而暖的衣裤. tract / trAkt; trAkt/ n 1 large stretch or area of land 大片土地; 地带: huge tracts of forest, desert, farmland, etc 大片森林、 沙漠、 耕地等. 2 (anatomy 解) system of connected tube－like parts along which sth passes 道; 束:the digestive/respiratory/urinary tract 消化[呼吸/尿]道. tract / trAkt; trAkt/ n pamphlet containing a short essay, esp on a religious or political subject 小册子（尤指宗教或政治内容的）. tractable / 5trAktEbl; `trAktEbl/ adj (fml 文) easily guided, handled or controlled; docile 易於引导的; 易处理的; 易驾御的; 温顺的. tractability / 9trktE5bIlEtI;9trAktE`bIlEtI/ n [U]. traction / 5trAkFn; `trAkFEn/ n [U] 1 (power used in) pulling sth along a surface （在物体平面上的）牵引, 拖拉, 牵引力, 拉力: electric/steam traction 电力[蒸汽]牵引. 2 (medical 医) treatment involving a continuous pull on a limb, etc （对肢体等的）牵引: She's injured her back and is in traction for a month. 她背部受伤, 正在作一个月的牵引治疗. 3 ability of a tyre or wheel to grip the ground without sliding （轮胎或车轮对地面的）附著摩擦力: Winter tyres give increased traction in mud or snow. 使用冬季专用车胎在泥地或雪地上可增加附著摩擦力. traction－engine n vehicle, powered by steam or diesel, formerly used for pulling heavy loads （以蒸汽或柴油为动力的）牵引车（旧时用以拖重物的）. tractor / 5trAktE(r); `trAktL/ n 1 powerful motor vehicleused for pulling farm machinery or other heavy equipment拖拉机; 牵引机. =>illus at plough 见 plough 插图. 2 (US) part of a tractor－trailer in which the driver sits （铰接车的）驾驶室. tractor－trailer n (US) = articulated lorry (articulate 2). trad / trAd; trAd/ n [U] (infml 口) traditional jazz (ie in the style of the 1920's, with fixed rhythms and harmonies and much improvisation) 传统爵士乐（二十年代风格的, 有固定的节奏、 和声及很多即兴发挥）. trade / treId; tred/ n 1 (a) [U] ~ (with sb/sth) exchange of goods or services for money or other goods; buying and selling 交易; 贸易; 商业; 买卖: Since joining the Common Market, Britain's trade with Europe has greatly increased. 英国自从加入共同市场以来, 与欧洲的贸易大增. * Trade is always good (ie Many goods are sold) over the Christmas period. 圣诞节期间生意一向很好. * [attrib 作定语] a trade agreement 贸易协定. (b) [C] ~ (in sth) business of a particular kind （某种）行业, 生意: be in the `cotton, `furniture, `book trade, ie sell or make cotton, furniture, etc 以棉花、 家具、 书籍生意为业 * The country earns most of its income from the tourist trade. 这个国家的大部分收入来自旅游业. * The new shop has been doing a brisk trade in cut－price clothes. 那新商店做减价服装生意一直很兴隆. 2 (a) [U, C] way of making a living, esp a job that involves making sth; occupation 谋生之道（尤指以制造某物为业）; 手艺; 职业: be a butcher, carpenter, tailor, etc by trade 做肉商、 木匠、 裁缝等 * Basket－weaving is a dying (ie declining) trade. 编篮子这一行已逐渐衰落. * The college offers courses in a variety of trades. 该学院开设多种职业课程.(b) the trade [Gp] people or firm engaged in a particularbusiness （做某种生意的）同行的人或商行: We sell cars to the trade, not to the general public. 我们向经销商出售汽车, 不卖给一般人. * offer discounts to the trade 对同行的人给予优惠. =>Usage 见所附用法. 3 (idm 习语) do a roaring trade => roaring (roar). a jack of all trades => jack1. ply one's trade => ply2. the tricks of the trade => trick. trade gap difference between the value of what a country imports and what it exports 贸易差额. trade mark 1 registered design or name used to identify a manufacturer's goods （注册的）商标. 2 (fig 比喻) distinctive characteristic 明显的特徵: a startling use of line and colour that is this artist's special trade mark 使用线条和色彩的惊人笔法, 构成这位画家的明显特徵. trade name 1 name given by a manufacturer to a widely available product to identify a particular brand 商品名; 商标名: Aspirin in various forms is sold under a wide range of trade names. 阿司匹林以各种商标出售, 五花八门、 各式各样. 2 name taken and used by a person or firm for business purposes （商人或商店用的）字号, 商号, 牌号. trade price price charged by a manufacturer or wholesaler to a retailer 同业售价; 批发价格. trade secret 1 device or technique used by a firm in manufacturing its products, etc and kept secret from other firms or the general public 行业秘密. 2 (fig infml 比喻, 口) fact, etc that one is not willing to reveal （个人不愿透露的）秘密. tradesman / －zmEn; －zmEn/ n (pl －men / －mEn; －mEn/) 1 person who comes to people's homes to deliver goods送货人: the tradesmen's entrance, ie the side entrance to alarge house 送货人入口（大住宅的旁门）. 2 shopkeeper店主; 商人. trade union (also ,trades `union, union, US `labor union) organized association of employees engaged in aparticular type of work, formed to protect their interests,improve conditions of work, etc 工会. trade－unionism n [U] this system of association 工会制度; 工会主义. trade－unionist n member of a trade union 工会会员. Trades Union Congress (abbr 缩写 TUC) association of representatives of British trade unions 英国职工大会. trade wind strong wind continually blowing towards the equator from the SE or the NE 信风; 贸易风. trade NOTE ON USAGE 用法: 1 Employment is formal and official. *employment是庄重的公文用词. It indicates the state of having paid work 这个词指有可获报酬的工作: The national employment figures are published every month. 全国就业人数按月公布. * Are you in gainful employment? ie Do you have a paid job? 你有有报酬的工作吗? * Employment agencies help people to find work. 职业介绍所可帮助人寻找工作. 2 Occupation and job indicate a particular type of paid work. *occupation和job指有报酬的某种工作. Occupation is more formal and is used additionallyof work which may n