（汉英）工程测量基本术语

绝对闭合差 absolute closing error 绝对航高 absolute flying height 绝对定向 absolute orientation 偶然误差 accident error 高差偶然中误差 accident mean square error of elevation difference 精度 accuracy 加常数 additive constant 架空索道测量 aerial cableway survey 航摄绝对漏洞 aerial photographic absolute gap 航摄漏洞 aerial photographic gap 肮摄相对漏洞 aerial photographic relative gap 航空摄影 aerial photography 航空遥感 aerial remote sensing 空中三角测蚤   aerial triangulation 航空摄影测量 aerophotogrammetry 航空摄影 aerophotography 变换光束测图 affine plotting 架空送电线路测童 airy route for power transmission survey 模拟空中三角测童 analogue aerial triangulation 模拟法测图 analogue method of photogrammetric mapping 解析空中三角测 analytical aerial triangulation 解析法测图 analytical method of photogrammet mapping 附合水准路线 annexed leveling line 附合导线 annexed traverse 调绘像片 annotated photograph 像片调绘 annotation 近似平差 approximate adjustment 任愈中央子午线 arbitrary central meridian 任意带 arbitrary zone 建筑坐标系 architecture coordinate system 面状符号 areal symbol 人造立体效应 artificial stereoscopic effect 人工标志 artificial target 假定高程 assumed height 航天遥感 astronautics remote sensing 数控绘图 automatic data plotting 副交点 auxiliary intersection point 主光轴偏角 averted angle of photographic axis 方位角 azimuth 方位角条件 azimuth condition 基线分量 base component 坐标格网 base grid 地形底图 base map of topography 基距比 base－distance ratio 基高比 base－height ratio 基线 baseline 基线条件 base－line condition 断面基线 base－line of section 水准基点 basic benchmark 基本比例尺地形图 basic scale topographic map 水深侧金 bathymetric survey 水下地形测量 bathymetric surveying 龙门板 batter board 水准点 bench mark 墙上水准点 bench mark built in wall 基平 benchmark leveling 频闪装置 blinking device 区域网 block 光线束法区域网平差 block adjustment using bundle method 独立模型法区域网平差 block adjustment using independent model method 晒蓝 blue print 界桩 boundary marker 界桩 boundary monument 模型连接 bridging of model 断链 broken chaining peg 室内地坪标高 building ground elevation 建筑方格网 building square grids 建筑方格网轴线法 building square grids survey by axes method 建筑方格网布网法 building square grids survey by method of control network 推算坐标 calculated coordinates 摄影站 camera station 制图综合 cartographic generalization 地形图图式 cartographic symbols of topograp maps 地图制图学 cartography 中线测量 center line survey 中桩 center stake 中平 center－line stake leveling 中央子午线 central meridian 像片归心 centring of photograph 航道测量 channel survey 航道绘图水位 channel surveying reference level 验线 checking of building line 弦线支距法 chord offset method 铬胶翻版 chromate duplicate copy 度盘 circle 闭合水准路线 closed leveling line 闭合导线 closed traverse 近景振影测量 close－range photogrammetry 三角形闭合差 closure error of triangle 集群分类 cluster 侧图放大系数 coefficient of magnification of mapping 视准线法 collimation line method 共线条件方程式 collinearity condition equation 彩色合成 colour composite 彩色片 colour film 彩红外摄影 colour infrared photography 边角侧量 combination of triangulation and trilateration 编绘原图 compiled original 图根解析补点 complementary control point of analytic mapping 复曲线 compound curve 机助制图 computer aided mapping 机助制图 computer cartography 数控绘图 computer supported mapping 相对控制条件方程 condition equation of relative control 圆周角条件 condition for closing the horizon 组合角条件 condition for sum of angles 交线条件 condition of intersection 条件方程式 conditional equation 置信概率 confidence probability 附合导线 connecting traverse 条件方程式常数项 constant term of conditional equation 施工控制网 construction control network 建筑物平面控制 construction control network for building 施工放样 construction layout 建筑红线测量 construction line survey 施工测量 construction survey 接触硒印 contact printing 等高线 contour 等高距 contour interval 等高线 contour line 变形监测网 control network for monitoring deformation 滑坡监测网 control network for monitoring slide 高程控制网 control network of height 控制点 control point 纠正点 control point for rectification 像片控制点 control point。！photograph 控制像片 control point photograph 控制测量 control survey 像片控制测量 control surveying of photograph 交向角 convergent angle 交向摄影 convergent photography 坐标方位角 coordinate azimuth 坐标格网 coordinate grid 像点坐标 coordinate of image point 坐标变换 coordinate transformation 坐标条件 coordinates condition 共面条件方程式 coplanarity condition equation 归心改正 correction for centring 地球曲率与折光差改正 correction for curvature of the earth and refraction 颇偏改正 correction for frequency deviation 倾斜改正 correction for slope 温度改正 correction for temperature 焦距改正 correction of focal length 像片变形改正 correction of photo deformation 尺长改正 correction to the nominal length of tape 相关分析 correlation analysis 同名像点 corresponding image points 横断面图 cross－section profile 横断面测坛 cross－section survey 地物 culture 大坝变形测量 dam deformation survey 危险圆柱面 dangerous cylinder 数据获取 data acquisition 教据库 data base 数据获取 data capture 数据编码 data code 教据采集 data collection 教据编辑 data editing 数据点 data point 水准基点 datum benchmark 纠正起始面 datum for rectification 基准点 datum point 建筑物主体倾斜 declivity rate of mainbody of building 倾斜测量 declivity survey 深埋双金属标 deep buried bimetal benchmark 深埋钢管标 deep buried steel－pipe benchmark 垂线偏差 deflection of plumb line 垂线偏差 deflection of the vertical 交点 deflection point 挠度测量 deflection survey 变形分析 deformation analysis 变形区 deformation area 变形测蚤 deformation survey 变形速度 deformation velocity 等深线 depth contours 深度基准面 depth datum 加密控制点 densification control point 加密控制网 densified control network 密度分割 density slicing 示波线 depression line 点之记 description of station 去斜处理 deskew processing 细部坐标点 detail coordinate point 检查井大样图 detail of manhole 地物点 detail point 重氮盐晒图 diazo copying 重氮盐晒图 diazotype 高差 difference of elevation 微分纠正 differential rectification 差异沉降 differential settlement 数字地面棋型 digital terrain model (DTM) 数字化测图 digitized mapping 往测与返测 direct and reversed observatio 直接解译标志 direct interpretation key 直接线性变换 direct linear transformation ( 正垂线法 direct plummet observation 摄影方向 direction of optical axis 两倍照准差 discrepancy between twice collimation errors 离散点 discrete points 像点位移 displacement of images 光距条件 distance condition 距离测量 distance measurement 框标距 distance of fiducial marks 畸变改正 distortion correction 绘图玫酶薄膜 drawing polyester film 疏浚工程测量 dredge engineering survey 管道测量 duct survey 动态立体摄影 dynamic stereo photography 缓和曲线 easemen！curve 电磁波测距三角 EDM－trigonometric leveling 高程测量 electromagnetic distance measurement (EDM ) 电磁波测距 electromagnetic distance 电磁波测距仪 measuring instrument (EDMI) 电子倾斜仪 electronic clinometer 电子速测仪 electronic tacheometer 光电测距 electro－optical distance measurement 绝对定向元素 elements of absolute orientation 归心元素 elements of centring 圆曲线要素 elements of circular curve 相对定向元素 elements of relative orientation 高程 elevation 独立交会高程点 elevation point by independent intersection 高程注记点 elevation point with notes 端点桩 end peg 工程摄影测量 engineering photogrammetry 工程遥感 engineering remote sensing 工程测量     engineering survey 等倾摄影 equally tilted photography 等位移量曲线图 equidisplacement chart 误差椭圆 error ellipse 内擂误差方程式 error equation for interpolating 照准误差 error of sighting 精确度 exactness 外定向元素 extra orientation elements 假彩色合成 false colour composite 铁盐硒图 ferric cyanide blueprint 框标 fiducial mark 图形条件 figure condition 定线测盘 final survey 竣工测蚤 finish construction survey 固定误差 fixed error 固定断面 fixed section 频闪装置 flickering device 摄影分区 flight block 摄影航线 flight line of aerial photography 强制对中 forced centring 立模测量 formwork uprighting survey 前方交绘 forward intersection 纠正仪自由度 freedom of rectifier 物镜前（后）节点 front (rear) nodal point of lens 裂缝测量 gap survey 高斯平面直角 Gauss－Krueger plane rectangular 坐标系     coordinate system 高斯一克吕格投影 Gauss－Krueger projection 高斯投影面 Gauss projection plane 竣工总平面图 general plan of finish construction 测绘学 geodesy and cartography 地理信息系统 geographic information system (GI 大地水准面 geoid 几何物理分析 geometric and physical analysis   纠正几何条件 geometric condition of rectification 几何配准 geometric registration 浮游测标 gliding mark 图解图根点 graphic mapping control point 灰阶 gray scale 子午线收敛角 grid convergence 格网间隔 grid interval 格网板 grid plate 面积水准测量 grids leveling 粗差 gross error 地底点 ground nadir point 标准配里点 gruber point 哈达姆变换 Hadamard transformation 港口工程测量 harbor engineering survey 方位线 heading line 百米桩 hectometer stake 高程 height 高程基准 height datum 皮数杆 height pole 高程测量 height survey 隐藏线 hidden line 高速摄影 high－speed photography 公路测量 highway survey 直方图正态化 histogram normalize 像片平高控制点 horizontal and vertical control points of photograph 水平角 horizontal angle 平面控制网 horizontal control network 平面控制点 horizontal control point 平 面控制测量 horizontal control survey 平面曲线 horizontal curve 水平位移测量 horizontal displacement measurem 平面监测网 horizontal monitoring control network 左右视差 horizontal parallax 水利工程测量 hydrographic engineering survey 液体静力水准测量 hydro－static leveling 图像处理 image processing 像空间坐标系 image space coordinate system 图像变换 image transformation 零立体效应 impossible stereoscopic effect 坐标增量 increment of coordinate 独立坐标系 independent coordinate system 计曲线 index contour 像片索引图 index of photography 像片索引图 index photo 间接解译标志 indirect interpretation key 信息提取 information extraction 彩色红外片 infrared colour film 红外测距 infrared distance measurement 红外摄影 infrared photography 起始数据 initial data 起始数据误差 initial data error 插点 inserting individual point 插网 inserting network 检测周期 inspecting period for monitoring control network 安装测量 installation survey 内定向 interior orientation 内定向元素 interior orientation elements 首曲线 intermediate contour 内擂高程点 interpolated point between contou 摄影测t内擂 interpolation for photogrametry 判读 interpretation 解译标志 interpretation key 交会法 intersection method 交会点 intersection point 等值距 interval of isoline 地形点间距 interval of topographical point 因瓦基线尺 invar tape 等深线 isobath 等深距 isobath interval 等值线 isoline 结点 junction point x、ω水准管 x,ω level tube 卡洛变换 Karhunen Loeve transformation 里 程桩 kilometer stone 地貌 land feature 滑坡测量 land slide survey 地形 landform 土地规划测量 landplanning survey 大比例尺航空摄测量 large scale aerophotogrammetry 大比例尺地形测 large scale topographic mapping 激光测距 laser distance measurement 导线横向误差 lateral error of traverse 侧方交会 lateral intersection 旁向重叠 lateral overlap 旁折光 lateral refraction 旁向倾角 lateral tilt 曲线测设 laying off curve 高差 level difference 找平 level finding 水准测量 leveling 支水准路线 leveling branch 水准网 leveling network 模型里平 leveling of model 找平 level－up 标高线 line of elevation 线状符号 line symbol 线形三角锁 linear triangulation chain 线形三角网 linear triangulation network 边角联合交会 linear－angular intersection 导线纵向误差 longitudinal error of traverse 航向重叠 longitudinal overlap 摄影纵距 longitudinal photographic distance 航向倾角 longitudinal tilt 隙动差 lost motion 建筑方格网主轴线 main axis of budding square grids 建筑方格网长轴线 major axis of building square grids 地图 map 图脚 map border 图脚整饰 map border decoration 地图编制 map compilation 地图整饰 map decoration 绘图 map drawing 清绘 map fair drawing 地图注记 map lettering 地图印刷 map printing 地图制版 map printing plate making 制印 map process and printing 复照 map reprography 测记法成图 mapping by survey and recordmetho 图根水准侧量 mapping control leveling 图根控制点 mapping control point 图根控制测量 mapping control survey 图根高程测量 mapping height survey 图根导线测量 mapping traversing 图根三角测量 mapping triangulation 蒙绘 mask artwork 埋石 mark at or below ground level 标石 markstone 电磁波测距最大测程 maximum range of EDM 测区平均高程面 mean height of survey area 平均曲率半径 mean radius of curvature 平均边长 mean side length 点位中误差 mean square error of a point 测角中误差 mean square error of angle observation 测距中误差 mean square error of distance measurement 高程中误差 mean square error of height 先验权中误差 mean square error of prior weight 单位权中误差 mean square error of weight unit 机械倾斜仪 mechanical declinometer 子午线 meridian 子午线收敛角 meridian convergence 气象改正 meteorological correction 偏角法 method of deflection angles 方向线交会法 method of direction line intersection 方向观测法 method of direction observation 全圆方向法 method of direction observation in rounds 相位法测距 method of distance measurement by phase 内分点法 method of interior point 倒锤线法 method of inverse plummet observation 激光准直法 method of laser alignment 最小二乘法 method of least squares 正锤线法 method of right plummet observation 小角法 method of small angle measurement 引张线法 method of tension wire alignment 经纬仪投点法 method of transit projection 量测摄影机 metric camera 微波测距 microwave distance measurement 小角法 minor angle method 建筑方格网短轴线 minor axis of building square trids 归零差 misclosure of round 模型基线 model baseline 模型坐标 model coordinate 模型变形 model deformation 模型比例尺 model scale 标石 monument 镶嵌图 mosaic map 多波段叔谱变换 multi－band spectrum transformation 多波段图像 multispectral imag。 多光谱摄形 multispectral photography 多时相图像 multitemporal image 1985国家高程基准 National Height Datum 1985 导航星全球定位系统 NAVSTAR global positioning system       (GPS) 负片 negative 阴像 negative image 航线网 network of flight strip 结点网 network with junction points 电磁波侧距标称精度 nominal accuracy of EDM 非量测摄影机 non－metric cam era 非地形摄影测量 non－topographic photogrammetry 正直摄影 normal case photography 物空间坐标系 object space coordinate system 像场角 objective angle of image field 倾料误差 oblique error 倾斜摄影 oblique photography 分组 观测 observation in groups 观测墩 observation pillar 观侧 点 observation points 观测墩 observation post 测回 observation set 侧站 observation station 脱机作业 off－line叩eratton 直角坐标法放点 offset method 一次布网 once establishment control netw 联机作业 on－line operation 工作基点 operating control point 摄影主光轴 optical axis of camera 纠正光学条件 optical condition of rectification 控制网优化设计 optimal design of control netwo 光学图像处理 optical image processing 光学机械纠正 optical mechanical rectification 光学镶嵌 optical mosaic 光学立体模型 optical stereoscopic model 定向点 orientation point 方位线 orienting line 正射影像图 orthophotomap 正立体 orthostereoscopy 过度 改正 over correction 等偏摄影 parallel－averted photography 中心桩 pegs of crossing centerline 轴线控制桩 pegs of wall centre line 像片墓线 photo baseline 像平面坐标系 photo coordinate system 像底点 photo nadir point 综合法测图 photo plammetric method of photogrammetic mapping 像片纠正 photo rectification 摄影侧t坐标系 photogrammetric coordinate system 摄影测#      photogrammetry 像片离心 photograph decentration 摄影墓线 photographic baseline 摄影比例尺 photographic scale 摄影航离 photography flying height 像片平面图 photoplan 摄影经纬仪 phototheodolite 像元 picture element 刺点 pin－point 刺点像片 pin－point photograph 管道测量 pipeline survey 像元 pixel 建筑结构平面图 plan of building structure 建筑基础平面图 plan of foundation construction 观测点位置图 plan of observation points 翰电及通讯线路图 plan of power transmission and telecommunication 动力管网图 plan of steam and gas piping 交通运翰图 plan of transportation system 给排水管网图 plan of water and drainage pipin 地物 planimetric feature 地物点 planimetric point 遥感平台 platform for remote sensing 垂直度测童 plumbing survey 变坡点 point of change slope 方格网点 point of square control network 方格网点 point of square grids 点状符号 point symbol 转刺 point transfer 极条件电磁波测距仪 polar condition 极坐标法 polar coordinate method with E 多项式法 polynomial method 点位误 差 position error 灌注桩定位 positioning of cast－in－place pile 正片 positive 阳像 positive image 精密工程测量 precise engineering survey 精密水准测最 precise leveling 精密度 precision 初测 preliminary survey 站场现状图 present situation map of station 摄影机 主距 principal distance of camera 投影器主距 principal distance of projector 像主点 principal point of photograph 像主点落水 principal point of photograph on water 主合点 principal vanishing point 先验权 priore weight 皮数杆 profile 纵断面图 profile [diagram] 断面扫描 profile scanning 断面间距 profile spacing 纵断面测量 profile survey 抵偿高程面 projection datum plane with compensation effect 投影晒印 projection printing 建筑红线测量 property line survey 假彩色密度编码 pseudocolour density encode 反立体 pseudostereoscopy 出版原图 publication original 透镜径向畴变   radial distortion of lens 辐射变换 radial transformation 无线电定位 radio positioning 法截弧曲率半径 radius of curvature in a normal section 子午圈曲率半径 radius of curvature in meridian 卯酉圈曲率半径 radius of curvature in prime vertical 内插圆半径 radius of interpolation circle 铁路侧量 railway survey 偶然误差 random error 踏勘   reconnaissance 控制网选点 reconnaissance for control point selection 多余观测 redundant observation 纠正起始面 reference plane of rectification 棱镜反光镜 reflection prism 反光镜 reflector 相对闭合差 relatire closing error 相对控制 relative control 相对误差椭回 relative error ellipse 相对航高 relative flying height 相对中误差 relative mean square error 相邻点间相对中 relative mean square error of 误差 adjacent points 边长相对中误差 relative mean square error of side length 相对定向 relative orientation 可靠性 reliability 地貌 relief 投影差 relief displacement 遥感 remote sensing 遥感制图 remote sensing cartography 后方交会 resection 残余上下视差 residual vertical parallax 影像分辨率 resolving power of image 反转片 reversal film 逆反摄影测量   reverse photogrammetry 反向曲线 reversed curve 严密平差 rigorous adjustment 跨河水准测量 river －crossing leveling 纸上定线 route location on paper 定线测盆 route location survey 线路平面控制测量 route plane control survey 线路测盆 route survey 线路高程控制测量 route vertical control survey 侧徽器行差 run error of micrometer 测微器行差 run of micrometer 采样间隔 sampling interval 比例误差   scale error 高斯投影长度变形 scale error of Gauss projection 比例扩张 scale expansion 地形图比例尺 scale of topographic trap 交线条件 scheimpflug condition 刻图 scribing 刻图膜 scribing coating 断面索法   section wire method 航线段 segment of flight strip 水准测段 segment of leveling 自检校法 self calibration method 感光材料 sensitive material 埋石 setting monument 安置定向元素 setting orientation element 施工放样 setting out 角度交会法放点 setting out by intersecting angle coordinate 建筑轴线测设 setting out of building centre lin 曲线测设 setting out of curve 填筑轮廓点测量 setting out of footing foundation peripheral points 直角坐标法放点 setting out using the perpendicular coordinate 相邻影响曲线图 settlement effects chart 垂直位移测货 settlement observation 沉降观测点 settlement observation point 侧方交会 side intersection 龙门板 sight rail 照准点归心 sighting centring 照准圆筒 sighting cylinder 照准点 sighting point 视标 signal 造标 signal erection 辛普森法 Simpson's rule 示坡线 slope line 水深测ft     sounding 测时水位 sounding level 测深线 sounding line 侧深点 sounding point 测深点间距 sou记ing point spacing 测深定位 sounding positioning 空间前方交会 space intersection 航天遥感 space remote sensing 空间后方交会 space resection 空间变换 spatial transformation 波谱 spectrum 地物波谱特性 spectrum character of ground feature 支水准路线 spur leveling line 点位稼定性检验 stability test of monitoring control points and deformation points 标准〔偏〕差 standard deviation 静态立体振影 static stereo photography 测站归心 station centring 统计检脸法 statistical testing method 钥尺盈距 steel tape distance measuremen 立体摄影机 stereocamera 立体像对 stereopatr 植字 stick up lettering 航线 弯曲度 strip deformation 带状地形图 strip topographic map 视差法测距 subtense method distance measurement 横基尺视差法 subtense method with horizontal staff 竖基尺视差法 subtense method with vertical staff 日照变形测量 sunshine deformation survey 内插曲面 surface for fitting 参考椭球面 surface of reference ellipsoid 测量平差 survey adjustment 基坑回弹测量 survey of elastic deformation of foundation pit 测绘学 surveying and mapping 测量控制网 surveying control network 测量标志 surveying mark 扫测 sweeping survey 像片旋角 swing angle 回头曲线 switch－back curve 综合管线图 synthesis plan of pipelines 系统误 差 systematic error 系列制 图 systematic mapping 切线支距法 tangent offset method 透镜切向晴变 tangential distortion of lens 视牌 target 正镜 telescope in normal position 倒镜 telescope in reveresed position 地性线 terrain line 地形采样 terrain sampling 地面摄影测量坐标系 terrestrial photogrammetric coordinate system 地面摄影测量 terrestrial photogrammetry 电磁波测距最佳观测时间段 the most favorable time interval of EDM 最弱点 the weakest point 最弱边 the weakest side 专题地图 thematic map 热红外扫描 thermal infrared scan 计曲线 thickened contour 三维导线测量 three dimensional traversing 水尺 tide staff 连接点 tie point 主光轴倾角 tilt angle of photographic axis 倾斜计算装置 tilt calculator 倾斜测量 tilt survey 时间基线视差法 time－baseline parrallax method 位移量曲线图 time－displacement chart 荷载、时间、位移量曲线图 time－load and time－displacement chart 限差 tolerance 地形图 topographic map 地形图要素 topographic map content elements 地形图数据库 topographic map data base 工点地形图 topographic map of construction site 地形图修测 topographic map revision 地形图分幅 topographic map subdivision 地形图图式 topographic map symbols 地形测图 topographic mapping 电子速测仪测图 topographic mapping with electronic tacheometer 平板仪测图 topographic mapping with plane tab 经纬仪测图 topographic mapping with transit 地形原图 topographic original map 地形测量 topographic survey 地形点 topographical point 地形 topography 导线全长闭合差 total length closing error of traverse 高差全中误差 total mean square error of elevation difference 觇标 tower 造标 tower building 蒙绘 tracing 轴线投测 transfer of building lines 标高传递 transfer of elevation 经纬仪三角高程测量 transit trigonometric leveling 缓和曲线 transition curve 导线控制网 traverse network 导线点 traverse point 导线测量 traverse survey 导线测量 traversing 边角测量 triangulateration 三角测量 triangulation 三角锁 triangulation chain 三角控制网 triangulation network 三角点 triangulation point 三角高程导线测量 trigonometric height traversing 兰角高程测量 trigonometric leveling 三边测量 trilateration 双介质摄影测量   two－medium photogrammetry 地下管线测量 underground pipeline survey 水下横断面测量 underwater cross－section survey 水下纵断面测量 underwater longitudinal－section survey 水下地形测量 underwater topographic survey 水下地形 underwater topography 全能法测图 universal method of photogrammetric mapping 合点条件 vanishing－point condition 合点控制 vanishing－point control 垂直角 vertical angle 高程控制网 vertical control network 高程控制点 vertical control point 高程控制测量 vertical control survey 竖曲线 vertical curve 垂直位移测量 vertical displacement measurement 判别栅 vertical lines fence for distinguishing hidden line 高程监测网 vertical monitoring control network 上下视差 vertical parallax 竖向测量 vertical survey 水利工程测量 water conservancy survey 权 weight 白光图象处理 white light image processing X射线摄影测蚤 X－ray photogrammetry 天顶距 zenith distance 高斯投影分带 zone－dividing of Gauss projection